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Numerous studies addressed the topic of behavioral and symptomatic changes in eating disorders. Rates of transition vary widely across studies, ranging from 0 to 70.8%, depending on the diagnoses taken into account and the study design.... more
Numerous studies addressed the topic of behavioral and symptomatic changes in eating disorders. Rates of transition vary widely across studies, ranging from 0 to 70.8%, depending on the diagnoses taken into account and the study design. Evidence shows that the specific transition from restrictive-type anorexia nervosa (AN-R) to disorders involving binging and purging behaviors (BPB) is related to a worsening of the clinical picture and worse long-term outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to focus on this specific transition, review existing literature, and summarize related risk factors. Medline and PsycINFO databases were searched, including prospective and retrospective studies on individuals with AN-R. The primary outcome considered was the rate of onset of BPB. Twelve studies (N = 725 patients) were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis. A total of 41.84% (95% CI 33.58–50.11) of patients with AN-R manifested BPB at some point during fo...
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Description: Alopecia areata, an autoimmune hair disease leading to baldness, can be triggered by stress. Recent research data clearly clarified step-by-step the mechanisms linking stress to dermatological diseases. Autoimmune and... more
Description: Alopecia areata, an autoimmune hair disease leading to baldness, can be triggered by stress. Recent research data clearly clarified step-by-step the mechanisms linking stress to dermatological diseases. Autoimmune and inflammatory disorders including alopecia areata, provide even unique opportunities to examine the rich interplay between the immune system and the brain, not to mention the relevance of these interactions to health and illness in a broader field of medicine. Moreover, recent research confirms the mediating role of attachment disorders and enlightens the role of early traumatic life events in patients with various medical conditions. This book describes our research on the role of early life events in patients with alopecia areata, while the link between alopecia areata, childhood traumata and the personality construct "alexithymia" is further explored. The second part describes the authors' unique experience on how to use 'a manualised h...
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BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is commonly associated with a history of trauma. Yet, there is little insight into the potential effect that trauma, dissociation, and depressive symptoms may have on the outcome of treatment... more
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is commonly associated with a history of trauma. Yet, there is little insight into the potential effect that trauma, dissociation, and depressive symptoms may have on the outcome of treatment interventions. METHODS A total of 142 treatment-seeking patients admitted with a diagnosis of DSM-5 BED (88% female; mean age = 38.7; SD = 10.8) took part in a 6-month, protocolized, group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Self-report questionnaires were administered to assess lifetime traumatic experiences, dissociation, and depression. Body mass index and the number of binges per week (BPW) were measured throughout treatment. The main outcomes were the percentage reduction in BPW and remission (i.e., less than one BPW; cf. DSM-5). RESULTS Most BED patients (91.5%) reported a history of trauma, with two in three patients reporting three or more traumatic experiences. Whereas the number of traumatic experiences was not significantly associated with a reduction in BPW or remission, a higher traumatic impact score significantly decreased the likelihood of obtaining remission at the end of treatment (OR = 0.96; 95% CI [0.92, 0.99]). Higher levels of dissociative symptoms partially mediated this prospective association. CONCLUSIONS The impact of traumatic experiences, as opposed to the number of traumatic experiences experienced, negatively predicts remission after 6 months of CBT. These findings highlight the importance of addressing trauma and dissociative features in the CBT treatment of BED.
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IntroductionIndividuals with eating disorders (EDs) often report a history of early traumatization. Although a great attention has been paid to sexual and physical trauma, less is known about emotional one, especially... more
IntroductionIndividuals with eating disorders (EDs) often report a history of early traumatization. Although a great attention has been paid to sexual and physical trauma, less is known about emotional one, especially neglect.Objectives/aimsWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of sexual, physical, and emotional trauma–occurring under 18 years of age–in ED patients vs. healthy controls, focusing on emotional abuse and neglect.MethodsWe consecutively recruited 57 DSM-V ED outpatients (91.2% females; age range = 18–42 years) at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of our University Hospital and 90 healthy controls (78.9% females; age range = 20–39 years). Among ED patients, 43.9% had restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN), 29.8% binge/purging AN, 26.3% bulimia nervosa. Individuals completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC). We used Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test for comparisons.ResultsED patients scored significantly higher than controls on ...
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IntroductionA high proportion of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report childhood abuse and neglect. The prevalence of traumatic events in ED patients has been extensively investigated; less is known about their self-perceived–and... more
IntroductionA high proportion of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report childhood abuse and neglect. The prevalence of traumatic events in ED patients has been extensively investigated; less is known about their self-perceived–and reported–severity. Objectives/Aims: We aimed to assess in ED patients vs. healthy controls the severity, i.e., duration, perpetrator, and subjective impact, of sexual, physical, and emotional traumas suffered from 0 to 18 years, paying particular attention to emotional neglect.MethodsFifty-seven consecutive DSM-V ED patients (91.2% females; age range: 18–42 years) were recruited at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of our University Hospital. Ninety controls (78.9% females; age range: 20–39 years) were also recruited. Among ED patients, 43.9% had restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN), 29.8% binge/purging AN, 26.3% bulimia nervosa. Individuals completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC).ResultsThe seve...
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KULeuven. ...
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KULeuven. ...
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... van eetstoornissen? Een vergelijking van het perspectief van patie¨nten en hulpverleners Johan Vanderlinden Heleen Buis Guido Pieters> ... Men houdt een pleidooi voor het aan-bieden van een en dezelfde behandeling voor... more
... van eetstoornissen? Een vergelijking van het perspectief van patie¨nten en hulpverleners Johan Vanderlinden Heleen Buis Guido Pieters> ... Men houdt een pleidooi voor het aan-bieden van een en dezelfde behandeling voor patie¨nten met anorexia en boulimie. ...
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... Johan Vanderlinden Riccardo Dalle Grave Fernando Fernandez Walter Vandereycken Guido Pieters Chris Noorduin ... In het hier besproken onderzoek beogen we de uitlok-kers van eetbuien te bestuderen in een grote groep... more
... Johan Vanderlinden Riccardo Dalle Grave Fernando Fernandez Walter Vandereycken Guido Pieters Chris Noorduin ... In het hier besproken onderzoek beogen we de uitlok-kers van eetbuien te bestuderen in een grote groep eet-stoornispatie¨nten aan de hand van de BETCH. ...
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... Anderson, CL, & Alexander, PC (1996). The relationship between attachment and disso-ciation in adult survivors of incest. Psychiatry, 59, 240-54. Arrindell, WA, Ende, J. van der, Methorst, GJ, Kwee, MGT, Pol, E., &... more
... Anderson, CL, & Alexander, PC (1996). The relationship between attachment and disso-ciation in adult survivors of incest. Psychiatry, 59, 240-54. Arrindell, WA, Ende, J. van der, Methorst, GJ, Kwee, MGT, Pol, E., & Moritz, BJM (1989). ...
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ABSTRACT
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Page 1. ARTIKELEN Het verband tussen traumatische ervaringen en psychopathologie bij eetstoornissen Bart Bronckaers Michel Probst Chris Schotte Johan Vanderlinden ... In het onderzoek van Treuer, Koperda´k, Ro´zsa en Fu¨redi (2005) bleek... more
Page 1. ARTIKELEN Het verband tussen traumatische ervaringen en psychopathologie bij eetstoornissen Bart Bronckaers Michel Probst Chris Schotte Johan Vanderlinden ... In het onderzoek van Treuer, Koperda´k, Ro´zsa en Fu¨redi (2005) bleek dit zelfs 57% (n = 63). ...
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... Centrum St. Jozef te Kortenberg, Belgie¨. Dit onderzoek werd gesubsidieerd door de Stichting Dienstbe-toon Gezondheidszorg, Soesterberg, nummer 11.92 Dit artikel is een bewerking van: ERS Nijenhuis en O. van der Hart (1998a) ,... more
... Centrum St. Jozef te Kortenberg, Belgie¨. Dit onderzoek werd gesubsidieerd door de Stichting Dienstbe-toon Gezondheidszorg, Soesterberg, nummer 11.92 Dit artikel is een bewerking van: ERS Nijenhuis en O. van der Hart (1998a) , Somatoform dissociation: A Janetian ...
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Vanderlinden et ses collegues (1993) proposent une premiere echelle clinique europeenne d'evaluation des troubles dissociatifs que nous avons soumise a une population suisse francophone constituee d'un echantillon pathologique (n... more
Vanderlinden et ses collegues (1993) proposent une premiere echelle clinique europeenne d'evaluation des troubles dissociatifs que nous avons soumise a une population suisse francophone constituee d'un echantillon pathologique (n = 154) et de sujets controles (n = 65). Nos resultats indiquent que la DIS-Q distingue bien les patients (axes I et II du DSM IV) des sujets controles. La comparaison statistique montre des differences significatives entre trois sous-groupes pathologiques (axe I seul, n = 60; axe Il seul, n = 24; axes I et Il ensemble, n = 70) et le groupe controle (n = 65), le score total au questionnaire etant le plus eleve pour la population presentant des troubles a la fois sur l'axe I et Il. Les sujets ayant obtenu les scores les plus eleves representent pres de 12 % de l'echantillon psychiatrique etudie. Nos resultats ne semblent pas etre influences par un facteur culturel.
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Conventional wisdom holds that dissociation is a coping mechanism triggered by exposure to intense stressors. Drawing on recent research from multiple laboratories, we challenge this prevailing posttraumatic model of dissociation and... more
Conventional wisdom holds that dissociation is a coping mechanism triggered by exposure to intense stressors. Drawing on recent research from multiple laboratories, we challenge this prevailing posttraumatic model of dissociation and dissociative disorders. Proponents of this model hold that dissociation and dissociative disorders are associated with (a) intense objective stressors (e.g., childhood trauma), (b) serious cognitive deficits that impede processing of emotionally laden information, and (c) an avoidant information-processing style characterized by a tendency to forget painful memories. We review findings that contradict these widely accepted assumptions and argue that a sociocognitive model better accounts for the extant data. We further propose a perspective on dissociation based on a recently established link between a labile sleep–wake cycle and memory errors, cognitive failures, problems in attentional control, and difficulties in distinguishing fantasy from reality. ...
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The goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a manualized cognitivebehavioral therapeutic (CBT) approach for patients with obesity and binge eating disorder (BED) on the short and longer term. A prospective study without a... more
The goal of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a manualized cognitivebehavioral therapeutic (CBT) approach for patients with obesity and binge eating disorder (BED) on the short and longer term. A prospective study without a control group consisting of three measurements (a baseline measurement and two follow-up assessments up to 5 years after the start of the CBT treatment) was used. A total of 56 patients with obesity and BED (age = 39.7 ± 10-9 years; body mass index [BMI] = 38.5 ± 8.3 kg/m) participated in the study. BMI, number of binges per week, general psychological well-being, mood, attitude toward one’s body, and loss of control over the eating behavior were evaluated by means of mixed models. Results indicate that a CBT approach offered 1 day a week during an average 7 months at OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE LIBRARY on October 28, 2012 bmo.sagepub.com Downloaded from Vanderlinden et al. 671 produces benefits on eating behaviors, weight, and psychological parameters that are...
Family therapy has become a popular theme in the literature on eating disorders, but little has been written on the application of family therapy in adult patients with a chronic and severe eating disorder. Growing clinical experience... more
Family therapy has become a popular theme in the literature on eating disorders, but little has been written on the application of family therapy in adult patients with a chronic and severe eating disorder. Growing clinical experience with large groups of inpatient anorexics and bulimics points to the importance of incorporating the family in the treatment. This article, therefore, presents some basic guidelines in the therapeutic work with these often rigid families or marriages, of which one member is hospitalized for a severe or chronic eating disorder. Possibilities and pitfalls of family therapy, according to the different phases in the treatment process, are discussed.
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Background: many people with different diagnoses, including eating disorders, have suffered traumatic experiences in childhood. Method: a case-control study was performed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of child... more
Background: many people with different diagnoses, including eating disorders, have suffered traumatic experiences in childhood. Method: a case-control study was performed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of child trauma and dissociative symptoms in people with eating disorders and compare the results obtained with a control group. Participants were administered the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and the Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorders (SCID-II) to confirm diagnostic criteria and explore possible comorbidities. Traumatic experiences in childhood were evaluated with the Child Trauma Questionnaire in its abbreviated version (CTQ-SF), psychoform dissociation was measured with the Scale of Dissociative Experiences (DES-II) and somatoform dissociation with the Somatoform Dissociation Scale (SDQ-20). Results: women with eating disorders reported a greater severity and higher prevalence of child trauma than the control g...
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Background: Many people with eating disorders often report having suffered some kind of childhood trauma. For this reason, many studies have attempted to explore the mediating factors between traumatic experiences and the development of... more
Background: Many people with eating disorders often report having suffered some kind of childhood trauma. For this reason, many studies have attempted to explore the mediating factors between traumatic experiences and the development of eating disorders. The aim of our study is to conduct a systematic review of published works on the mediating factors between childhood trauma and the development of eating disorders. Method: This review was carried out up to 5 December, 2020, using the databases PsycInfo and PubMed, combining the keywords, and applying a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 18 articles were retrieved. After the articles were analyzed, a set of mediating factors between childhood trauma and the development of eating disorders was established, including pathological dissociation, difficulty with emotion self-regulation, body dissatisfaction, negative affect/depression, anxiety, general distress, self-criticism, and alexithymia, among others. Con...
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The aim of the current study is to evaluate the presence of childhood trauma, psychoform, and somatoform dissociation in eating disorders (ED). Eighty-six ED outpatients participated in this study, 20 of them were diagnosed with... more
The aim of the current study is to evaluate the presence of childhood trauma, psychoform, and somatoform dissociation in eating disorders (ED). Eighty-six ED outpatients participated in this study, 20 of them were diagnosed with restrictive anorexia (AN-R), 10 of them with anorexia nervosa binge-purging subtypes (AN-B), 25 with bulimia nervosa (BN), and 31 with binge eating disorder (BED). They were matched by sex and age with a control group consisting of 86 healthy subjects (HC). Traumatic experiences were assessed by means of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), psychological, and somatoform dissociation, respectively, by means of the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES-II) and Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20), and binge eating symptoms by means of Binge Eating Scale (BES). ED subjects showed higher levels of childhood trauma, and both psychoform and somatoform dissociation compared to HC subjects. ED patients showed higher levels of childhood trauma compared to...
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The SCOFF is a quick and simple screening tool for eating disorders (EDs), intended for use by those who are not specialists in the field. The purpose of the present study is to explore the psychometric properties of an Italian version of... more
The SCOFF is a quick and simple screening tool for eating disorders (EDs), intended for use by those who are not specialists in the field. The purpose of the present study is to explore the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the instrument. An Italian translation of the SCOFF was administered, together with a part of the Italian version of the Eating Disorders Inventory-3, to the following: (i) a sample of psychiatric patients diagnosed with ED according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; (ii) a sample of female psychiatric controls with no ED symptoms; and (iii) a sample of female normal controls without EDs from the general population. Results suggest that the Italian version of the SCOFF provides a reliable and valid tool for screening EDs.
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Samenvatting Deze bijdrage geeft een overzicht van enkele empirische studies die aantonen dat emotionele cues – voornamelijk negatieve emoties – vreetbuien kunnen uitlokken. Voor de behandeling betekent dit dat, naast aandacht voor... more
Samenvatting Deze bijdrage geeft een overzicht van enkele empirische studies die aantonen dat emotionele cues – voornamelijk negatieve emoties – vreetbuien kunnen uitlokken. Voor de behandeling betekent dit dat, naast aandacht voor disfunctionele gedachten en zogenaamde vreetbuivoedsel-cues, de aanwezigheid van negatieve emoties als uitlokkende factor van bulimiagedrag bij elke patiënt ernstig onderzocht dient te worden.
Research Interests: Bulimia Nervosa and DTH
Mary estudia historia del arte y ha estado en terapia durante seis meses luego de un intento de suicidio. Suele escribirle a su terapeuta cartas cuyo contenido y estilo varían notablemente, y hasta su caligrafía presenta variaciones... more
Mary estudia historia del arte y ha estado en terapia durante seis meses luego de un intento de suicidio. Suele escribirle a su terapeuta cartas cuyo contenido y estilo varían notablemente, y hasta su caligrafía presenta variaciones peculiares. En una de sus ...
In recent years, research has called for an increased emphasis on clinical outcomes that are meaningful to patients with binge eating disorder (BED). This cross-sectional study examined the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and its... more
In recent years, research has called for an increased emphasis on clinical outcomes that are meaningful to patients with binge eating disorder (BED). This cross-sectional study examined the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and its relation to clinical and demographic factors in BED patients. Thirty-two patients (28 women and 4 men) with BED (age = 41.1 ± 10.7; body mass index = 38.9 ± 5.8) seeking treatment to a weekly multidisciplinary programme at the UPC KU Leuven, Campus Kortenberg in Belgium, were asked to participate at intake. All participants were assessed with the GAF scale, completed the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), the Body Attitude Test (BAT), the Symptoms Checklist-90, the Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ), and performed a 6 minute walk test. The GAF-score (55.9 ± 13.9) was only significantly associated with the BPAQ score (7.0 ± 1.4) (r = 0.383, p = 0.03) and the BAT score (63.9 ± 16.1) (r=-0.443, p = 0.011). The regression model including both of these variables explained 25.3% of the variability in the GAF-score. This study highlights the value of clinicians assessing physical activity and body image in patients with BED. Research is needed to elucidate whether incorporating body image treatments and physical activity in the care of patients with BED can promote global functioning.
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... van eetstoornissen? Een vergelijking van het perspectief van patie¨nten en hulpverleners Johan Vanderlinden Heleen Buis Guido Pieters> ... Men houdt een pleidooi voor het aan-bieden van een en dezelfde behandeling voor... more
... van eetstoornissen? Een vergelijking van het perspectief van patie¨nten en hulpverleners Johan Vanderlinden Heleen Buis Guido Pieters> ... Men houdt een pleidooi voor het aan-bieden van een en dezelfde behandeling voor patie¨nten met anorexia en boulimie. ...