- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Science,
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad(FUM)
P.O.Box: 91775-1436
Iran
Ali Moghimi
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Biology, Faculty Member
Curriculum theorizing is the methodology of the theory development. We recognize, two approaches to curriculum theorizing; explanation and understanding. Explanation resemble the processes of theorizing like natural scientist does and... more
Curriculum theorizing is the methodology of the theory development. We recognize, two approaches to curriculum theorizing; explanation and understanding. Explanation resemble the processes of theorizing like natural scientist does and understanding is an approach to theorizing with its personal engagement consideration, uniqueness evolve from the complexity of and unrepeatable educational phenomena. In this article, two main ideas, objectivismreductionism, subjectivism-mysterianism and a branch of the second idea so called; conceptualism are examined. It is discussed that all three ideas are corresponding with the explanation or understanding and so their deficiency in human life is determined. It is argued that neurophenomenology could be considered as a remedy for the fragmental deficiency and incompetence of the current dominant positions in curriculum theorizing. We called the neurophenomenology inspired theorizing as; "understanding explanation" and explain it in refe...
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The main objective of this paper is to explain the difficulties and insufficiency of neuro-philosophy theory as a representative the modern reductionist approaches in cognitive science and philosophy of mind to delineate the framework of... more
The main objective of this paper is to explain the difficulties and insufficiency of neuro-philosophy theory as a representative the modern reductionist approaches in cognitive science and philosophy of mind to delineate the framework of teaching-learning environments, and suggest an alternative to these difficulties. Therefore, firstly, the perspective of the neuro-philosophy to teaching-learning environments have been examined and criticized, then we propose a holographic teaching-learning environment based on the Varela’s neuro-phenomenology of education and inspired by the integral theory. The most important features of this approach to learning environments are: holographic attitudes towards human life, mind, brain, body and learning environment “are granted an equal importance and therefore need the same attention” relationships between mind, brain, body and learning environment and a synchronous consideration to object and subject and all its explicit and implicit layers by integrating first and third-person methodologies into the essential components of these environments, namely teaching, teacher-learner communication, evaluation, and curriculum as an integrated whole.
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Introduction: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been widely used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. One of the major sideeffects of interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy is neutropenia. Previous studies have... more
Introduction: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been widely used for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. One of the major sideeffects of interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy is neutropenia. Previous studies have confirmed the beneficial effects of co-administration of G-CSF and IFN-α on neutropenia in patients infected with hepatitis C. In this study for the first time, the effects of co-administration of type I IFNs and G-CSF on liver and liver enzymes investigated. Methods: forty-two mice (male, eight weeks) were randomly divided into six groups of seven: distilled water, G-CSF (200μg/kg), IFN-α (200μg/kg), IFN-β (200μg/kg), IFN-α+G-CSF and IFN-β+G-CSF. After 28 days, blood was taken from the heart of each mouse and histological changes in the liver and liver enzymes including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), as well as bilirubin, were measured. Results: Surprisingly, in most cases, the G-CSF and type one IFNs alone or simultaneou...
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In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty rats were... more
In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty rats were assigned to 10 dietary treatments including: 1) Basal diet (BD) + 50 mg/kg ZnS, 2) BD + 100 mg/kg ZnS, 3) BD + 200 mg/kg ZnS, 4) BD + 50 mg/kg ZnO, 5) BD + 100mg/kg ZnO, 6) BD + 200 mg/kg ZnO, 7) BD + 50 mg/kg ZnM, 8) BD + 100 mg/kg ZnM, 9) BD + 200 mg/kg ZnM and 10) Basal diet (without Zn supplementation). The parameters including rearing, number of peripheral squares crossing, number of central squares crossing, whole exploration and defecation were recorded for 5 minutes. The levels of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg ZnO, ZnS and ZnM were significantly different in the whole exploration, comparisons. The number of whole exploration was significantly decreased by adding ZnM to the diet at a level of 200 mg/kg. The number of defecation was significantly incre...
Research Interests: Open Field and Zinc
Objective(s) The aim of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effect of green tea against genotoxicity induced by gamma irradiation in cultured blood lymphocytes from 5 human volunteers. Materials and Methods Peripheral blood... more
Objective(s) The aim of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effect of green tea against genotoxicity induced by gamma irradiation in cultured blood lymphocytes from 5 human volunteers. Materials and Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from volunteers before and 1, 3 and 5 hr after drinking a decoction 4 g green tea in 280 ml boiling water for 5 constitutive days with the same quantity. At each time point, the whole blood samples were exposed to 200 cGy of 60 Co gamma irradiation and then were cultured with mitogenic stimulation to determine the chromosomal aberration in micronucleus assay on cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. Results As expected, for each volunteer, the results showed a significant increase in the incidence of micronuclei after exposure to gamma irradiation as compared to non-irradiated control samples. Only lymphocytes blood sample collected 3 hr after drinking green tea exhibited a significant decrease in incidence of micronuclei comp...
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Nesfatin-1, a recently discovered peptide, is involved in important functions such as food intake regulation and energy homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that it has protective effects following myocardial injury and also... more
Nesfatin-1, a recently discovered peptide, is involved in important functions such as food intake regulation and energy homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated that it has protective effects following myocardial injury and also protects dopaminergic cells against neurotoxicity with the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to assay the neuroprotective effects of Nesfatin-1 after brain ischemia/reperfusion. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly selected and allocated in the form of four groups (sham, Nesfatin-1, ischemia, ischemia+Nesfatin-1). Ischemia was created by obstruction couple common carotid arteries in 20-min period. Saline as a vehicle and Nesfatin-1 (20 μg/kg, intraperitoneally) were injected at the time of reperfusion. Spatial memory performances were evaluated by the Morris water maze. The level of protein expression was determined by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Nesfatin-1 significantly reduced ca...
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Development of the nervous system in human and most animals is continued after the birth. Critical role of this period in generation and specialization of the neuronal circuits is confirmed in numerous studies. Any pharmacological... more
Development of the nervous system in human and most animals is continued after the birth. Critical role of this period in generation and specialization of the neuronal circuits is confirmed in numerous studies. Any pharmacological intervention in this period may result in structural, functional or behavioral abnormalities. In this study, sodium thiopental a GABA mimetic drug was administrated to newborn rats and their GAD65 and GAD67 expression in hippocampus was evaluated before and after puberty. Newborn male Wistar rats were received sodium thiopental (35 mg/kg) daily for 11 days (from 4 to 14 days after birth). Expression of GAD65 and GAD67 in their hippocampus was compared with control groups in 15 and 45 days after birth with RT-qPCR method. Significant down regulation of GAD65 and GAD67 gene expression was observed in treated rats compared with control group in 45 days after birth animals. But no significant difference was shown between experimental and control groups 15 days...
Insulin signaling malfunction has recently been suggested as a preliminary event involved in the etiology of Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD). In order to develop insulin resistance-related SAD model, rats were treated... more
Insulin signaling malfunction has recently been suggested as a preliminary event involved in the etiology of Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD). In order to develop insulin resistance-related SAD model, rats were treated with streptozotocin, intracerebroventricularly (icv-STZ). Nevertheless, given the lack of knowledge regarding sub-clinical stages of SAD, the current challenging issue is establishing a practical pre-clinical SAD model. Despite some proposed mechanisms, such as insulin malfunction, neuroinflammation, and gliosis, icv-STZ mechanism of action is not fully understood yet and Streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer has still major shortcomings. Using three STZ doses (0.5, 1, and 3mg/kg) and three testing time (short-term, medium-term and long-term), we sought the best dose of STZ in order to mimic the characteristic feature of sAD in rats. So, we conducted a series of fifteen-week follow-up cognitive and non-cognitive studies. Besides, IR, tau and ChAT mRNA levels were measured, along with histological analysis of astrocyte, dark neuron numbers, and pyramidal layer thickness, in order to compare the effects of different doses of icv-STZ. STZ 3mg/kg caused cognitive and insulin signaling disturbance from the very first testing-time. STZ1-injected animals, however, showed an augmented hippocampal astrocyte numbers in a short time; they, also, were diagnosed with disturbed insulin signaling in medium-term post icv-STZ-injection. Moreover, behavioral, molecular and histological impairments induced by 0.5mg/kg icv-STZ were slowly progressing in comparison to high doses of STZ. STZ1 and 0.5mg/kg-treated animals are, respectively, suggested as a suitable experimental model of MCI, and sub-clinical stage.
Research Interests: Life Sciences, Insulin Resistance, Hippocampus, Insulin, Animals, and 15 moreMale, Neurons, Astrocytes, Rats, Time Factors, Exploratory Behavior, Alzheimer Disease, Maze Learning, Biochemistry and cell biology, Prodromal Symptoms, Gliosis, Tau proteins, Streptozocin, Receptor Insulin, and Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Rosmarinic acid (RA) as an active component of several medicinal plants, has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, the effect of RA on tracheal responsiveness (TR), lung inflammatory cells, oxidant biomarkers in... more
Rosmarinic acid (RA) as an active component of several medicinal plants, has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, the effect of RA on tracheal responsiveness (TR), lung inflammatory cells, oxidant biomarkers in sensitized rats were evaluated. TR to methacholine and ovalbumin (OVA) as well as total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count and levels of nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, malondialdehyde, thiol, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured in control (group C) rats, sensitized animals to OVA and given drinking water alone (group S), S groups receiving drinking water containing three concentrations of RA (0.125, 0.250 and 0.500 mg/mL) and dexamethasone (1.25 μg/mL), (n = 6 in each group). Increased TR to methacholine and OVA, total WBC count, percentages of eosinophils, monocytes, neutrophils and levels of oxidant biomarkers but decreased other measured parameters were observed in group S compared to group C. Percentages of lymphocytes and antioxidant biomarkers were significantly increased but other measured parameters were significantly decreased in S group treated with dexamethasone and in rats treated with the two higher concentrations of RA compared to S group. The effect of RA medium concentration on percentage of eosinophils and RA high concentration on total WBC count and percentages of eosinophils and lymphocytes, were significantly higher than those of dexamethasone. These results showed the concentration-dependent effect of RA on tracheal responses, lung inflammatory cells and oxidant-antioxidant parameters which was comparable to that of dexamethasone at used concentrations in sensitized rats.
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Both treadmill training and epidural stimulation can help to reactivate the central pattern generator (CPG) in the spinal cord after a spinal cord injury. However, designing an appropriate training approach and a stimulation profile is... more
Both treadmill training and epidural stimulation can help to reactivate the central pattern generator (CPG) in the spinal cord after a spinal cord injury. However, designing an appropriate training approach and a stimulation profile is still a controversial issue. Since the spinal afferent signals are the input signals of CPG in the spinal cord, it can be concluded that the number of input afferent signals can affect the quality of movement recovery, such a phenomenon is in accordance with Hebbian theory. Therefore, at first in this paper, through some simulation studies on a model of CPGs, the effective influence of increasing the afferent input weight on activating CPG model was certified. Then, the performance of two different types of treadmill training along with epidural stimulation was compared. The numbers of spinal afferents involved during each designed training approach were different. Experiments were conducted on two groups of spinalized rats. Three quantized integer qu...
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Citicoline (cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine) is a neuroprotective agent that is administered following ischemic and traumatic brain injuries. There is little information about the antiseizure and anxiolytic effects of citicoline,... more
Citicoline (cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine) is a neuroprotective agent that is administered following ischemic and traumatic brain injuries. There is little information about the antiseizure and anxiolytic effects of citicoline, which are therefore addressed in the present study. For evaluating the anticonvulsant effect of citicoline in the pentylentetrazole seizure model, a single intraperitoneal dose of citicoline was administered at 50, 100 or 150mg/kg. Sedative and anxiolytic effects of citicoline were examined via elevated plus maze and pentobarbital induced sleep tests. Results show that citicoline at the doses of 100 and 150mg/kg significantly delayed the latent period compared with the control (P<0.05). Citicoline at the doses of 100 and 150mg/kg significantly decreased total locomotion compared with the control (P<0.05). Additionally, citicoline at the doses of 100 and 150mg/kg significantly increased both percentage of entry and time spent in the open arms in the elevated plus maze test (P<0.05). The pentobarbital induced sleep test showed that citicoline significantly reduced the latency to sleep (P<0.05). Our results suggest that acute administration of citicoline has anticonvulsant activity and sedative effect.
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Convulsive seizures are due to abnormal synchronous and repetitive neuronal discharges in the central nervous system (CNS). Finding new therapeutics to overcome the side effects of the current drug therapies and to increase their... more
Convulsive seizures are due to abnormal synchronous and repetitive neuronal discharges in the central nervous system (CNS). Finding new therapeutics to overcome the side effects of the current drug therapies and to increase their effectiveness is ongoing. Orexin-A and orexin-B are brain neuropeptides originating from postero-lateral hypothalamic neurons. Studies show that orexins, through activation of OX1 and OX2 receptors, have excitatory effects in the CNS. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of OX1 receptor antagonist (SB-334867) on seizure- and anxiety-related behaviors of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled rats. Kindling was induced by repeated intraperitoneal (IP) injections of PTZ (32 mg/kg) with two-day intervals for 24 days in male Wistar rats. Three groups received intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of SB-334867 (2.5, 5, and 10 μg/rat) before PTZ injections. Two control groups received vehicle (2 μL/rat, ICV) and valproate (26 μg/rat, ICV) before PTZ injections. An extra group of control animals received saline both ICV and IP. Seizure-related behaviors were monitored for 30 min following PTZ administration. The anxiety-like behaviors were also assessed using elevated plus-maze in the first and last days of the study. The results revealed that ICV injection of SB-334867, mainly at the dose of 10 μg/rat, decreased the median of seizure stages, prolonged the latency and reduced the duration of different seizure stages, and reversed the PTZ-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Based on the presented results, it is suggested that pharmacological blockade of the OX1 receptor is a potential target in the treatment of seizure and concomitant anxiety disorders.
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جستجو در مقالات دانشگاهی و کتب استادان دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد. ...
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In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty... more
In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty rats were assigned to 10 dietary treatments ...
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... Endocrinology , 2010-12-02. Title : ( Study of Cognitive Deficit and Hippocampal Neuronal Loss in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Models ). Morteza Behnam-Rassouli , , , Ali Moghimi , - - , Full Text. Abstract. In addition to cognitive ...
Research Interests: Learning and Hippocampus
Microglial cells act as the sentinel of the central nervous system .They are involved in neuroprotection but are highly implicated in neurodegeneration of the aging brain. When over-activated, microglia release pro-inflammatory factors,... more
Microglial cells act as the sentinel of the central nervous system .They are involved in neuroprotection but are highly implicated in neurodegeneration of the aging brain. When over-activated, microglia release pro-inflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines, which are critical in eliciting neuroinflammatory responses associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined whether bromelain, the pineapple-derived extract, may exert an anti-inflammatory effect in primary microglia and may be neuroprotective by regulating microglial activation. Following the isolation of neonatal rat primary microglial cells, the activation profile of microglia was investigated by studying the effects of bromelain (5, 10, 20, and 30 µg/ml) on the levels of NO, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in microglia treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 µg/ml). Data were analyzed using Student's t-test. P values less than 0.05 were consid...
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Background: The blood circulation in coronary arteries is different from the same task in other body arteries because on the contrary to the other arteries, the maximum blood is circulated in them during the diastole phase of heart (rest... more
Background: The blood circulation in coronary arteries is different from the same task in other body arteries because on the contrary to the other arteries, the maximum blood is circulated in them during the diastole phase of heart (rest time of the heart). The changes of coronary ...
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In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty... more
In an experiment the emotional and exploratory behaviors of Wistar rats to dietary zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnS), Zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc Methionine (ZnM) were studied in an open field test. One hundred-twenty rats were assigned to 10 dietary treatments ...
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... morphine withdrawal syndrome in rats Narges Kerachian 1* , Hojjatollah Alaee 2 , Mahin Gharavi-Naini 2 , Aliasghar Pilevarian 1 , Ali Moghimi 3 1-Dept. Biology, IsfahanPayam Noor University, Isfahan, Iran. 2-Dept. Physiology ...
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ABSTRACT
... 1 Islamic Azad University / Medical Engineering Department, , Ghassemabad, Mashhad. ... 7. OzlemSoran, Bruse Fleishman, MD, Thresa Demarco, William Grossman, (2002) Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Heart Failure: A... more
... 1 Islamic Azad University / Medical Engineering Department, , Ghassemabad, Mashhad. ... 7. OzlemSoran, Bruse Fleishman, MD, Thresa Demarco, William Grossman, (2002) Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Heart Failure: A Multicenter Feasibility Study. ...
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High blood glucose induces molecular, cellular, morphological and behavioral changes in the brain. Metabolic disturbances, contribute to the hippocampus injury and development of partial focal seizures. The aim of this study was to... more
High blood glucose induces molecular, cellular, morphological and behavioral changes in the brain. Metabolic disturbances, contribute to the hippocampus injury and development of partial focal seizures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of infantile repeated hyperglycemia on neuronal density of hippocampal CA3 region in newborn Wistar male rats and its effect on chemoconvulsant pentylentetrazol (PTZ) induced generalized seizures in adults. Ten days old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20 for each): hyperglycemic and control. Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injections of 2 g/kg dextrose solution, twice a day, for 2 weeks. Control animals received saline solution in the same manner. Blood glucose was regularly measured. After that, the brains of rats from each group (n=10) were removed for histological analysis of the CA3 region of hippocampus by stereological method. Other animals (n=10) were kept to grow older. Afterwards, seizu...
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Astrocytes are cells within the central nervous system which are activated in a wide spectrum of infections, and autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. In pathologic states, they produce inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and nitric... more
Astrocytes are cells within the central nervous system which are activated in a wide spectrum of infections, and autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. In pathologic states, they produce inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and nitric oxide (NO), and sometimes they induce apoptosis. Their protease-activated receptors (PARs) can be activated by proteases, e.g. thrombin and trypsin, which are important in brain inflammation. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of trypsin (1 to 100U/ml) on cultured astrocytes. In the present study, two-day rat infants' brains were isolated and homogenized after meninges removal, then cultivated in DMEM + 10% FBS medium. 10 days later, astrocytes were harvested and recultivated for more purification (up to 95%), using Immunocytochemistry method, in order to be employed for tests. They were affected by different concentrations of trypsin (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 U/ml). To reveal the inflamma...
Objective(s) The possible risks of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) for the living organisms and human body are a growing concern for our society. In this study, we examined the possibility of changes in working memory and... more
Objective(s) The possible risks of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) for the living organisms and human body are a growing concern for our society. In this study, we examined the possibility of changes in working memory and hippocampal histological characteristics effects in mice brain following whole body exposure to microwave radiation. Materials and Methods During gestation period, we exposed mice for
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ABSTRACT We utilized a combination of orthogonal least squares (OLS) algorithm and short-time direct directed transfer function (SdDTF) for evaluating the effective brain networks. Directional changes in connectivity among brain regions... more
ABSTRACT We utilized a combination of orthogonal least squares (OLS) algorithm and short-time direct directed transfer function (SdDTF) for evaluating the effective brain networks. Directional changes in connectivity among brain regions were assessed during two states, resting and working memory (WM). Our results demonstrated an increase in the strength of connectivity between frontal and parietal regions and a decrease in the strength of connectivity between the regions of the default mode network, during task engagement. Connectivity was prominent in the low frequency bands, theta and alpha. Furthermore, during the WM task, theta oscillations increased in the frontal lobe while a reduction was observed in the alpha band.
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Research Interests: Genetics and Nociception
Introduction: Microglia, the sentries of the brain, are highly implicated in neurodegeneration as in neuroprotection. Chronic microglial activation endangers neuronal survival through the release of various potentially neurotoxic... more
Introduction: Microglia, the sentries of the brain, are highly implicated in neurodegeneration as in neuroprotection. Chronic microglial activation endangers neuronal survival through the release of various potentially neurotoxic mediators including nitric ...
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... The Effect of Iranian Shallot or Garlic Aqueous Extracts on Learning, Memory and Serum Biochemical Variables in Fructose-fed Wistar Rats. * 1 Razieh Jalal, 2 Sayyed MajidBagheri, 3 Ali Moghimi. Abstract. Objective(s). We determined ...