Astrocytes
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Recent papers in Astrocytes
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is the major mediator of the humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy and of malignant osteolysis associated with skeletal metastases of common epithelial cancers. PTHrP secretion is regulated by the... more
The derivation of neural progenitor cells from human embryonic stem (ES) cells is of value both in the study of early human neurogenesis and in the creation of an unlimited source of donor cells for neural transplantation therapy. Here we... more
In the central nervous system, astrocytes form an intimately connected network with neurons, and their processes closely enwrap synapses. The critical role of these cells in metabolic and trophic support to neurons, ion buffering and... more
Brucella melitensis, a bacterial pathogen and agent of epizootic abortion causes multiple pathologies in humans as well as a number of agriculturally important animal species. Clinical human brucellosis manifests as a non-specific,... more
Ageing of the central nervous system (CNS) is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a type of neurodegeneration that is associated with deficits in cognition and memory and clinically manifested as severe senile... more
Abstract: The effects of cannabinoids on ketogenesis in primary cultures of rat astrocytes were studied. ▵9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major active component of marijuana, produced a malonyl-CoA-independent stimulation of carnitine... more
Astrocytes are involved in multiple brain functions in physiological conditions, participating in neuronal development, synaptic activity and homeostatic control of the extracellular environment. They also actively participate in the... more
Rats chronically exposed to acrylonitrile (ACN) have shown a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of astrocytomas in the brain. The mechanism(s) by which ACN induces cancer in rodents has not been established. ACN does not appear to... more
Remyelination of the CNS is necessary to restore neural function in a number of demyelinating conditions. Schwann cells, the myelinating cells of the periphery, are candidates for this purpose because they have more robust regenerative... more
Numerous evidence demonstrates that astrocytes, a type of glial cell, are integral functional elements of the synapses, responding to neuronal activity and regulating synaptic transmission and plasticity. Consequently, they are actively... more
Motor neurons degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mechanisms for this neuronal cell death are not known, although apoptosis has been implicated. Oxidative damage to DNA and activation of p53 has been identified directly... more
Major depressive disorder (MDD) will affect one out of every five people in their lifetime and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Nevertheless, mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of MDD have yet to be completely... more