Amali Infantina

This study attempts to understand the growth and instability of marine fish production using secondary fisheries related data of Karnataka for the period 1980-2010. Craft-wise decadal growth rate of marine fish production was measured using Compound Growth Rate (CGR) and instability was studied by using Coppock Instability Index (CII) and Coefficient of Variation (CV). The results showed high instability in the number of purse seiners and gillnetters and longliners during 1980-90 (D1) and trawlers and rampanies during 1990-00 (D2). The growth rate of purse seine boats and other mechanised boats was more during 1980-90 (D1) and for trawler and rampanies during 1990-00 (D2). The maximum instability and growth rate for the purse seiners’ harvest was seen during 1990-00 (D2) and 1980-90 (D1) respectively. Similarly for trawlers, peak harvests occurred during 2000-10 (D3) and for other mechanized boats and rampanies it occurred during 1980-90 (D1). The instability in terms of CPUE for purse seiners was the highest during 1990- 00 (D2), whereas the overall growth rate in terms of CPUE showed negative trend. Likewise, peak instability and growth rate in terms of CPUE for trawlers and other mechanised boats was observed during 2000-10 (D3) and 1980-90 (D1) respectively. The overall growth rate in terms of CPUE for rampanies was negative, since their overall number increased during the entire study period.

This study attempts to understand the growth and instability of marine fish production using secondary fisheries related data of Karnataka for the period 1980-2010. Craft-wise decadal growth rate of marine fish production was measured using Compound Growth Rate (CGR) and instability was studied by using Coppock Instability Index (CII) and Coefficient of Variation (CV). The results showed high instability in the number of purse seiners and gillnetters and longliners during 1980-90 (D1) and trawlers and rampanies during 1990-00 (D2). The growth rate of purse seine boats and other mechanised boats was more during 1980-90 (D1) and for trawler and rampanies during 1990-00 (D2). The maximum instability and growth rate for the purse seiners’ harvest was seen during 1990-00 (D2) and 1980-90 (D1) respectively. Similarly for trawlers, peak harvests occurred during 2000-10 (D3) and for other mechanized boats and rampanies it occurred during 1980-90 (D1). The instability in terms of CPUE for pu...

This paper reveals the growth and instability of Tamil Nadu Marine fish production during the recent decade (2001 to 2010), across the year districts wise and month wise. Emphasis is made to review the marine fisheries policies of Tamil Nadu to analyze its coherence with the marine fish production. From the study, it is observed that the growth and instability performance was rather steady during 2006-07 to 2010-11 than the earlier years (2001-02 to 2005-06). Further the study has also evolved the importance of marine fisheries policies for the social security of marine fishers; thereby providing a significant picture of Tamil Nadu marine fisheries for the policy makers, who are repeatedly confronted with the problem of insufficient data.

Abstract The coastal communities are the most vulnerable to climate vagaries, which affect their habitat and livelihood alike. Vulnerability assessments undertaken using quantitative or qualitative methods at macro- or micro-level need to capture the location and context so as to be able to use them towards improving mitigation and resilience strategies at the community level, where the impact is felt. The characteristics of the marine fishing villages differ from those of other villages in any coastal block / district in a State, making a strong case for a marine village-specific vulnerability assessment as well as intervention planning. This work, capturing this grassroots reality and deriving vulnerability indicators that affect fisheries and coastal households, pilots a novel socio-economic vulnerability (SEVIPH) and cumulative vulnerability (CVIPH) framework in marine fishing villages of Thoothukudi, a coastal district of Tamil Nadu in India, and compares it with an existing framework (SEVISV) that relies on secondary data. A set of 54 indicators reflecting vulnerability components such as exposure, sensitivity (fishery and social) and adaptive capacity (economic, development drivers and alternate livelihood activity) has been developed. Primary data were collected from 1741 households residing in all the 24 marine fishing villages in Thoothukudi district to estimate various sub-indices and indices of SEVIPH, SEVISV and CVIPH. Significant differences (p

The paper examines the status of marine fisheries infrastructure and changes in the marine fish utilization patterns in the state of Karnataka. Major chunk of the marine fish production of Karnataka has been reported from the major fishing harbours and hence both State and Central governments give due importance for the development of infrastructure in the foresaid major fishing harbours. The study has been reliant on Secondary data and the same has been considered and analyzed by using percentage analysis and graphical method. The marine fisheries sector in the state has experienced remarkable developments in terms of infrastructure and marine fish utilization patterns. The results reveals that the progress of fresh fish marketing, freezing facilities and canning industry with chief emphasis on cold chain management in marine fisheries sector; so as to enable the fishers to harvest fishery resources in an efficient and sustainable manner and to meet the inimitable consumer needs.

Fisheries contribute significantly to India’s national economy (1.21 % of total GDP and 5.3 % of agricultural GDP) and provide a livelihood to an estimated 10 million people. Marine fisheries has undergone a perceptible change due to continuous increase in fishing activities involving introduction of different advanced fishing technologies, gears and fishing fleets. This sustained increase in fishing activities coupled with industrialization has further attributed to the profound impact on the fishery resources affecting the sustainability of the same. This paper attempts to critically analyze the marine fisheries of India with special reference to Tamil Nadu, with an aim to explore appropriate management options for ensuring ecological integrity, better conservation and sustainability of the resources and also livelihood security for the coastal fisher folk. International issues like crossing maritime border (Indo-Srilankan border) have also been discussed.

Marine fish resources off Indian shores have been displaying thorough heterogeneity over the years. The catch rates have propelled high during post-independence period and the country experienced tremendous growth in fish production. Technological changes have spurred fish production and exports. Alongside fisheries development, few negative externalities occurred, threatening the long term sustenance of the artisanal sector and the overall fishery resources. Hence, a study was attempted to understand the various sociological, spatial and temporal factors that play a key role in artisanal fishing operations and further to the resultant productivity. Additionally, fishers’ compliance towards existing fisheries rules and regulations was also perceived to suggest suitable fisheries management measures. The study was carried out at Ramanathapuram and Pudhukottai districts of Palk Bay. The economic and technical efficiency of the crafts were studied exclusively for traditional and motori...

This study was conducted to examine the effect of socioeconomic variable on the asset, debt, and income of the inland fishers during August 2014 to May 2015. A total of 140 respondents were selected and data was collected by adapting adopting two-stage random sampling. The data was analyzed by using percent and ratio analysis. A significant variation has been observed among the socio-economic variables such as the age, fishing experiences, type of house and total asset (P>0.05). The young age respondents had a higher income than that those of the middle and old age respondents and they also had higher debt and assets too. The lowest wealth ratio was ₹ 161475 in Periyakulam and the highest ₹307225 in Vaigai. A better mean debt to asset ratio was recorded in Kullapuram of 12.99% than other cooperative society fishers. Finally, this study suggests that, to report the status of folks we need to account the income after deduction of debt.

Indian fisheries sector has witnessed phenomenal growth in marine fish production over the decades, with the modernization of fishing crafts and technology, thereby resulting in fluctuation of the same, thus rendering intense debate on growth and instability. To ease the production trend in a sustainable way and to conserve the dwindling marine resources, the monsoon trawl ban was introduced in 2001 in Tamil Nadu. The seasonal fishing ban has been one of the very few significant management measures for the sustenance of the marine resources since its preamble. Though remarkable upsurge in marine fish production was achieved post implementation of ban, yet, it had generated issues in employment, poverty and income generation of fishermen during the ban period and was always a matter of turbulence among mechanized and traditional sector of fishing. It is also alleged that the enhanced marine fish landings could also be a case of fishing in and out of the waters off Tamil Nadu coasts. ...

729-735Capture marine fisheries play a significant role in social, cultural, and economic dimensions of Indian capture fisheries that contributes to the blue growth strategies. Here the small-scale fisheries (SSF) constitute about 60 % and remaining 40 % large-scale fishing fleets (LSF). In this study, we have highlighted the techno-economic key indicators and technical efficiency of SSF and LSF of Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, India using Cobb-Douglas function, and Data Envelopment Analysis. The technical efficiency was slightly higher in SSF (TE = 0.961) with better quantity of fish produced per litre of fuel (5.05 kg) compared to the LSF (TE = 0.951). The labour efficiency such as value ($87.56) and quantity of fish produced per day (83.39 kg) was greater in LSF than the SSF ($7.07 and 14.26 kg, respectively). Though production cost was higher for LSF, the better gross revenue of $658.27 was generated than SSF ($42.41) and it mainly related to higher engine power (150 – 200 h...

The impacts of climate change are of particular concern to the coastal region of tropical countries like India, which are exposed to cyclones, floods, tsunami, seawater intrusion, etc. Climate-change adaptation presupposes comprehensive assessment of vulnerability status. Studies so far relied either on remote sensing-based spatial mapping of physical vulnerability or on certain socio-economic aspects with limited scope for upscaling or replication. The current study is an attempt to develop a holistic and robust framework to assess the vulnerability of coastal India at different levels. We propose and estimate cumulative vulnerability index (CVI) as a function of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, at the village level, using nationally comparable and credible datasets. The exposure index (EI) was determined at the village level by decomposing the spatial multi-hazard maps, while sensitivity (SI) and adaptive capacity indices (ACI) were estimated using 23 indicators, covering social and economic aspects. The indicators were identified through the literature review, expert consultations, opinion survey, and were further validated through statistical tests. The socio-economic vulnerability index (SEVI) was constructed as a function of sensitivity and adaptive capacity for planning grassroot-level interventions and adaptation strategies. The framework was piloted in Sindhudurg, a coastal district in Maharashtra, India. It comprises 317 villages, spread across three taluks viz., Devgad, Malvan and Vengurla. The villages in Sindhudurg were ranked based on this multi-criteria approach. Based on CVI values, 92 villages (30%) in Sindhudurg were identified as highly vulnerable. We propose a decision tool for identifying villages vulnerable to changing climate, based on their level of sensitivity and adaptive capacity in a two-dimensional matrix, thus aiding in planning location-specific interventions. Here, vulnerability indicators are classified and designated as 'drivers' (indicators with significantly high values and intervention priority) and 'buffers' (indicators with low-to-moderate values) at the village level. The framework provides for aggregation or decomposition of CVI and other sub-indices, in order to plan spatial contingency plans and enable swift action for climate adaptation.