- Michele Ottomanelli is a Full Professor in Transportation Systems Engineeringedit
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2.1 Gli indicatori per la valutazione e il monitoraggio dei Piani \u2013 2.2 I metodi per la valutazione delle filiere \u2013 2.2.1 La motivazione della valutazione \u2013 2.2.2 I modelli di valutazione \u2013 2.2.3 Le metriche per la... more
2.1 Gli indicatori per la valutazione e il monitoraggio dei Piani \u2013 2.2 I metodi per la valutazione delle filiere \u2013 2.2.1 La motivazione della valutazione \u2013 2.2.2 I modelli di valutazione \u2013 2.2.3 Le metriche per la valutazione della logistica distributiva urbana \u2013 2.2.4 Problemi di implementazione dei modelli di valutazione \u2013 Bibliografi
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Una sfida molto sentita nell'ambito della mobilità sostenibile è quella di pianificare e operare servizi equi da un punto di vista sia geografico che sociale. Le nuove forme di mobilità, infatti, possono esacerbare le disuguaglianze... more
Una sfida molto sentita nell'ambito della mobilità sostenibile è quella di pianificare e operare servizi equi da un punto di vista sia geografico che sociale. Le nuove forme di mobilità, infatti, possono esacerbare le disuguaglianze preesistenti nell'accesso ai sistemi di trasporto pubblico escludendo alcune aree urbane quali ad esempio i quartieri a basso reddito o quelli più lontani dal centro città, ovvero proprio laddove i residenti potrebbero beneficiare maggiormente di un nuovo servizio. L'obiettivo di questo lavoro è inquadrare questi aspetti e discuterli alla luce degli studi più recenti, profilando gli aspetti chiave da approfondire sia nella ricerca scientifica così come da parte dei professionisti della pianificazione.
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Transportation systems require many challenges in providing seamless door-to-door mobility. The main initiatives are encouraging a shift from private to other transport modes by providing a fully integrated multimodal service in which the... more
Transportation systems require many challenges in providing seamless door-to-door mobility. The main initiatives are encouraging a shift from private to other transport modes by providing a fully integrated multimodal service in which the coordination and data sharing among different stakeholders are required. The idea of this paper is to analyze the mode choice, as well as the variables that affect the travelers’ airport access mode choice. For that purpose, we used multinomial logistics (MNL) regression to determine probability of mode choice given various multimodal chain alternatives. The inputs of the proposed model were based on the answers from the participants of the online survey which was disseminated in Europe. Through more than 2000 answers to the survey, we collected the data related to the factors that influence the airport access mode choice, travelers’ attitude, motives for traveling, as well as the socio-demographics of participants. Afterwards, we investigated the ...
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Research Interests: Real Estate, Transportation Engineering, Economics, Econometrics, Spatial Analysis, and 11 moreTransport Planning, Transportation and Land Use, Urban And Regional Planning, Hedonic Pricing, Transport policy, Population, Land Use Planning, Regression Analysis, Hedonic Pricing Model, Linear Regression, and Externality
Research Interests: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Computer Science, Transport Logistics, and 11 moreLogistics, Shipping/ Transport Logistics, Petri Nets, Intermodal Transport, Manufacturing Engineering, Container Terminal, Petri Net, Discrete Event Simulation, Container Terminal Planning, Container Terminals Operations, and Electrical And Electronic Engineering
ABSTRACT
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Research Interests: Real Estate and Geography
The attractiveness of cycling- and in particular of bike-sharing systems-as a sustainable alternative of transportation is constantly growing, given the undeniable benefits associated with it. The aim of this paper is to present a... more
The attractiveness of cycling- and in particular of bike-sharing systems-as a sustainable alternative of transportation is constantly growing, given the undeniable benefits associated with it. The aim of this paper is to present a multi-objective model based on a Fuzzy Inference System to be embedded in a mobile application that could assist cyclists in the selection of the smartest route to follow to reach their destination, in terms of travel costs (distance or time), level of air pollution and road safety. The features of the bike-sharing system (both traditional and free-floating) are considered in the generation of the final path, and also the starting and final stations to prefer (or the closest bike to pick up for the free-floating option) are provided. The proposed optimization model is dynamic, as it is synchronized with geolocated real time data regarding level of congestion and flows on the network, and availability of bikes/racks in the bike-sharing system. The mobile app gives bike users the possibility to plan, personalize and execute their trip with turn-by-turn guidance, allowing them to select the default optimal path, or to choose the desired travel time among the available route options, each of them accompanied by the related air pollution and safety. An application of the model is carried out through a test case to evaluate the proposed approach. Furthermore, a first study regarding the graphic interface of the mobile platform is presented to recommend some guidelines to follow to have a final product effective and bike users-friendly. The final goal is to improve the cycling experience, encouraging at the same time more people to elect the bike as their preferred mode of transportation.
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A modular soft computing based method for vehicles repositioning in bike-sharing systems
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For a static/dynamic O-D matrix estimation, usually, the basic required information is a starting estimation of O-D matrix and a set of traffic counts. In the era of the Intelligent Transportation Systems, a dynamic estimation of traffic... more
For a static/dynamic O-D matrix estimation, usually, the basic required information is a starting estimation of O-D matrix and a set of traffic counts. In the era of the Intelligent Transportation Systems, a dynamic estimation of traffic demand has become a crucial issue. Different Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) models have been proposed, used also for O-D matrices estimation. This paper presents a dynamic O-D demand estimator, using a novel simulation-based DTA algorithm. The core of the proposed algorithm is a mesoscopic dynamic network loading model used in conjunction with a Bee Colony Optimization (BCO). The BCO is capable to solve high level combinatorial problems with fast convergence performances, allowing to overcome classical demand-flow relationships drawbacks. © 2012 The authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the Program Committee.
Abstract The environmental challenges and the initiatives for sustainable development in urban areas are mainly focused on eco-friendly transportation systems. Therefore, we introduce a new green logistics solution for last-mile... more
Abstract The environmental challenges and the initiatives for sustainable development in urban areas are mainly focused on eco-friendly transportation systems. Therefore, we introduce a new green logistics solution for last-mile deliveries considering synchronization between e-vans and e-cargo bikes, developed as a Two-Echelon Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Partial Recharging (2E-EVRPTW-PR). The first echelon represents an urban zone, and the second echelon represents a restricted traffic zone (e.g., historical center) in which e-vans in the first and e-cargo bikes in the second echelon are used for customers’ deliveries. The proposed 2E-EVRPTW-PR model aims to minimize the total costs in terms of travel costs, initial vehicles’ investment costs, drivers’ salary costs, and micro-depot cost. The effectiveness of the proposed solution has been demonstrated comparing two different cases, i.e., the EVRPTW-PR considering e-vans for the first case, and the 2E-EVRPTW-PR considering e-vans and e-cargo bikes for the second case. The comparison has been carried out on existing EVRPTW-PR instances for the first case, and on novel 2E-EVRPTW-PR instances for the second case, in which customers of initial EVRPTW-PR instances have been divided into two zones (urban and restricted traffic zones) by using Fuzzy C-mean clustering. Moreover, results encourage logistics companies to adopt zero-emission strategies for last-mile deliveries, especially in restricted traffic zones.
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Promoting a more sustainable development of urban realities is one of the most important goals of the recent decades. One possible strategy to undertake in order to achieve this objective is the implementation of a road pricing: tolling... more
Promoting a more sustainable development of urban realities is one of the most important goals of the recent decades. One possible strategy to undertake in order to achieve this objective is the implementation of a road pricing: tolling private cars when passing by certain roads of the network could be a way to tone down the traffic congestion and, at the same time, encourage the shifting towards more sustainable means of transport. In this context, we suggest a method to distribute in a fair way the outcomes/revenues of this pricing strategy. In particular, we propose to design a free-floating bike-sharing system whose resources could be allocated in the territory according to spatial and social equity principles. The relation between the amount of the tolls, the number of days of application of the policy, and the pursued equity is investigated, and both a numerical application (to a test network and to a real case study) and a sensitivity analysis in support of the method are enc...
Research Interests: Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Economics, Sustainable Transportation, Transportation Studies, and 12 morePublic Transport, Urban Planning, Transport Planning, Congestion Pricing, Equity, Land Use Planning, Network Design, Revenue, Social Equality, Road Pricing, Bike Sharing System, and Equity Law
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Research Interests: Civil Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Economics, Sustainable Transportation, Transport Engineering, and 10 moreAccessibility, Public Transport, Urban Planning, Transport Planning, Transportation, Traffic Engineering, Transportation and Land Use, Social Inclusion, Urban And Regional Planning, and Equity
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ABSTRACT
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Research Interests: Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Computer Science, Sustainable Transportation, Transport Planning, and 8 moreIntelligent Transportation Systems, Operations research and Optimization, Decision support system, Sustainable Mobility, Supply Chain Network Design & logistics, Urban Transport, Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation, and Bike Sharing
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ABSTRACT PAPER AVAILABLE on request Recently, great attention has been paid to the uncertainties associated with Multi Regional Input-Output (MRIO) models related to the available data sources. We propose a new method based on the entropy... more
ABSTRACT PAPER AVAILABLE on request Recently, great attention has been paid to the uncertainties associated with Multi Regional Input-Output (MRIO) models related to the available data sources. We propose a new method based on the entropy maximization principle and fuzzy optimization, which takes explicitly into account the uncertainty embedded in available information. It allows to estimate jointly the values of production level, the trade coefficients and the final demand values assuming the availability of incomplete and/or approximate data on some elements of trade coefficients and of final demand of goods. The model, applied to real scale problem, shows good estimation performances and robustness in different scenario.
Research Interests: Transportation Engineering, Applied Mathematics, Economics, Environmental Economics, Transportation Studies, and 12 moreLogistics, Fuzzy set theory, Transport Planning, Input Output Economics, Freight Modelling, Decision Making Under Uncertainty, Transportation and Land Use, Urban And Regional Planning, Input-Output Analysis, Uncertainty, Entropy Maximization, and Numerical Analysis and Computational Mathematics
Travel demand estimation represents one of the main topics in transportation systems planning. In order to obtain accurate and correct estimates of current O-D travel demand and to forecast its variation, in literature a great deal of... more
Travel demand estimation represents one of the main topics in transportation systems planning. In order to obtain accurate and correct estimates of current O-D travel demand and to forecast its variation, in literature a great deal of methods have been proposed based on
In this work we describe a path choice model in which costs are represented by fuzzy numbers in order to consider uncertainty of users and trying to overcome some limits of well know logit based choice models. Users’ estimation costs in... more
In this work we describe a path choice model in which costs are represented by fuzzy numbers in order to consider uncertainty of users and trying to overcome some limits of well know logit based choice models. Users’ estimation costs in order to choice a route over a road network is made in a real uncertain, imprecise and ambiguous environment. As suggested by research in this field, fuzzy numbers is a suitable framework to model such choice context. In this paper, we analyse path costs represented by Fuzzy Numbers. For the fuzzification of the crisp value of the cost we introduce a parameter, that aims at representing the imprecision of users in path cost perception. We assume that users associate a preference index to the paths according to the estimated costs and that the probability of choice of a path is proportional to the preference index. Moreover, we introduce an index for evaluating the overlapping degree of each path with the others. In this way, we overcome the problem d...
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All activities related to the rail tracks maintenance are handled in order to respect a balance between safety and economic aspects. The ideal solution is the intervention on railway network at the right moment (“on condition”), to reduce... more
All activities related to the rail tracks maintenance are handled in order to respect a balance between safety and economic aspects. The ideal solution is the intervention on railway network at the right moment (“on condition”), to reduce the costs in comparison with the periodical maintenance criteria made at fixed periods and then to optimise the Life Cycle Costs (LCC) of infrastructure components. This ambitious and complex target implies the adoption of special techniques to carry out the continuous monitoring of all railway infrastructures. Nowadays, automatic diagnostic vehicles are available to record all the main parameters of railway infrastructure. For example, ROGER systems produced by MERMEC allow carrying out the monitoring of track infrastructure every 50 cm of the surveyed track, creating a very large amount of data. Because of this quantity, data are not easily analysed by operators and need a very complex processing before applying some knowledge rules over them. Be...
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ABSTRACT Car-Sharing Systems (CSSs) are becoming increasingly popular in urban areas replacing car ownership. The most attractive CSSs give users the opportunity to make one-way trips. This behavior creates an unbalanced status between... more
ABSTRACT Car-Sharing Systems (CSSs) are becoming increasingly popular in urban areas replacing car ownership. The most attractive CSSs give users the opportunity to make one-way trips. This behavior creates an unbalanced status between stations. Hence, some users could leave the system because they may not find a car/parking place available near their origin/destination. In recent years, CSSs are employing Electric Vehicles (EVs). A recent technology applied to EVs, called Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), has allowed selling energy, transferring it from vehicle batteries to an electric grid. In this paper, we adopt Electric Cars (ECs) with V2G for one-way station-based CSSs. We suggest ECs distribution among stations at the beginning of each day, simultaneously making the most of V2G technology and satisfying CSSs customers’ requests. These distributions represent the final configurations that should be obtained through overnight vehicle relocation. The proposed models have been applied to a real-sized case achieving promising results.
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Abstract In the transportation literature, equity has been and is still used with a variety of meanings and purposes. Traditionally, equity has been considered in strategic transport planning but very few works have been addressing it in... more
Abstract In the transportation literature, equity has been and is still used with a variety of meanings and purposes. Traditionally, equity has been considered in strategic transport planning but very few works have been addressing it in a quantitative way, detailing how to explicitly consider it at a transportation design level (tactical and/or operational) focusing on the consequent social role of transportation. This paper deals with how to quantitatively incorporate spatial and social equity principles in the Transit Network Design Problem. With respect to our previous preliminary study, this paper goes a step further in the definition of the solution to the problem, proposing a starting candidate route set generation procedure as a preliminary step to solve before the main optimization. The objective function considers at the same time the cost of users, operators and unsatisfied demand, and a comprehensive horizontal and vertical equity indicator is also specified among the constraints of the problem. An extensive sensitivity analysis investigates how the costs of the system vary with respect to the achieved level of equity. Then, an application to a real case of study is presented to validate the proposed methodology and highlight its usefulness and performances.
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Abstract Over the past decade, the number of ongoing bike-sharing programs has remarkably risen. In this framework, operators need appropriate methodologies to support them in optimizing the allocation of their resources to globally... more
Abstract Over the past decade, the number of ongoing bike-sharing programs has remarkably risen. In this framework, operators need appropriate methodologies to support them in optimizing the allocation of their resources to globally enhance the bike-sharing program, even without massive and costly interventions on the existing configuration of the system. In this paper, we propose an optimization model able to determine how to employ a given budget to enhancing a bike-sharing system, maximizing the global user satisfaction. During the day, each bicycle station has a certain number of bikes that fluctuates according to the travel demand; it happens, however, that for certain time slots, the station is full or empty. Then, we propose to consider as key performance indicators the zero-vehicle time and the full-port time, that reflected respectively the duration of vehicle shortage and parking stall unavailability in the stations. Both these indicators, together with the lost users of the system, need to be kept to a minimum if the final aim is maximizing the customer satisfaction, i.e. not forcing the user to use other stations or turn/shift to other travel modes. We have analyzed the historical usage patterns of the bike-sharing stations, smoothing their trends (by wavelets), and operated a preliminary spatio-temporal clustering. Our model verifies the necessity of adding or removing racks to each station, setting at the same time the optimal number of bikes to allocate in them, and decide the eventual realization of further stations. Then, an application, both on a small test and a real-size network, is presented, together with a sensitivity analysis.
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A bi-level simulation model was developed to forecast pedestrians evacuation time of large areas. The simulation system provides two levels: microscopic and mesoscopic. Both levels' dynamics have been modelled using the fuzzy... more
A bi-level simulation model was developed to forecast pedestrians evacuation time of large areas. The simulation system provides two levels: microscopic and mesoscopic. Both levels' dynamics have been modelled using the fuzzy inference system, in order to incorporate the fuzzy perception and anxiety embedded in human reasoning. At the mesoscopic level, pedestrians are organized in different groups generating a particle flow with a certain density. Pedestrian representation switches from mesoscopic to microscopic level at a threshold distance from exit. An application software was developed to evaluate the outcomes of the model. The model was tested in scenarios with presence of fixed obstacles. Simulation results and computational performances are promising.
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Recent statistics shows that CO2 emissions from road transport have been increasing. In addition, the paradigm of “more electric vehicles” does not seem to be positive from the environmental point of view. In fact, assuming the current... more
Recent statistics shows that CO2 emissions from road transport have been increasing. In addition, the paradigm of “more electric vehicles” does not seem to be positive from the environmental point of view. In fact, assuming the current energy mix system, studies focusing on Life Cycle Assessment and Well-To-Wheels analysis demonstrate that electric vehicles are less eco-friendly than traditional internal combustion-based engines. Then, it is mandatory to shift toward renewable energy sources to produce electricity with less CO2 emission. In this work, it is proposed to use a new e-vehicles charging system based on Pumps used as Turbine (PATs). This system uses the pressure in excess that could be available in a water distribution network (WDN). Such an excess of pressure is usually destroyed by pressure-reducing valves with the aim to reduce water leaks. PATs are also able to reduce water pressure and produce electrical energy that can be supplied to e-vehicles charging stations. Th...
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Since bicycles and bike-sharing systems are becoming increasingly important in modern transportation contexts, we suggest in this paper an alternative method to incorporate cycling among the freight transport alternatives within urban... more
Since bicycles and bike-sharing systems are becoming increasingly important in modern transportation contexts, we suggest in this paper an alternative method to incorporate cycling among the freight transport alternatives within urban areas. We propose pursuing a sustainable initiative of crowdsourced delivery where some of the urban good deliveries may be voluntarily undertaken by users of the free-floating bike-sharing systems while following their prefixed route in exchange for some kind of reward. We believe that a network design model that allows properly allocating the resources of the bike-shared mobility service could improve the potential of crowdshipping, making it a viable support and supplement for the local postal services, and more easily accepted and adopted in urban contexts. An application to a case study has been embodied to show the effectiveness and advantages of our proposal.
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The purpose of the paper is to analyze performance of major carriers across Europe, with particular focus on those operating in Central and South East Europe. With the ultimate aim of becoming fully integrated into the European Union... more
The purpose of the paper is to analyze performance of major carriers across Europe, with particular focus on those operating in Central and South East Europe. With the ultimate aim of becoming fully integrated into the European Union aviation market, these airlines underwent significant transformations in the last two decades. The study utilizes the Fuzzy Theory-based Data Envelopment Analysis to evaluate efficiency of the airlines since some of the indices (e.g. punctuality) could be subject to imprecise measurement. The set of airlines contains several major airlines operating in Western, Central and South-East Europe in 2008 and 2012, the years that coincide with the economic crisis and overall financial recovery. The results of the model indicate that Central and South-East European carriers tend to be less efficient in comparison to Western counterparts over the period observed, but their overall efficiency has generally improved based on the Malmquist index. Moreover, based on the calculation of the Malmquist index one can reveal that despite the fact that most of the Central and South-East Europe airlines succeeded to increase their technical efficiency through adoption of new technologies, they still remained out of the efficient frontier.
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Promoting a more sustainable development of urban realities is one of the most important goals of the recent decades. One possible strategy to undertake in order to achieve this objective is the implementation of a road pricing: tolling... more
Promoting a more sustainable development of urban realities is one of the most important goals of the recent decades. One possible strategy to undertake in order to achieve this objective is the implementation of a road pricing: tolling private cars when passing by certain roads of the network could be a way to tone down the traffic congestion and, at the same time, encourage the shifting towards more sustainable means of transport. In this context, we suggest a method to distribute in a fair way the outcomes/revenues of this pricing strategy. In particular, we propose to design a free-floating bike-sharing system whose resources could be allocated in the territory according to spatial and social equity principles. The relation between the amount of the tolls, the number of days of application of the policy, and the pursued equity is investigated, and both a numerical application (to a test network and to a real case study) and a sensitivity analysis in support of the method are enclosed.
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This paper is a contribution to define a complete and modular model of processes in container terminals, which can be used for simulation, test, monitor and control purposes. A schematic description of the main terminal processes is... more
This paper is a contribution to define a complete and modular model of processes in container terminals, which can be used for simulation, test, monitor and control purposes. A schematic description of the main terminal processes is given, by specifying the resources handling containers in the Taranto container terminal. Then a Petri net formalizes the sequence of operations, each involving the synchronization of resources, for the transshipment process, the efficiency of which seem to be the key to obtain good performances
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Abstract: In this paper a Generalized Least Square estimator for the simultaneous path choice model parameters calibration and Origin-Destination (OD) matrix estimation is presented. The paper will assume as available information a set of... more
Abstract: In this paper a Generalized Least Square estimator for the simultaneous path choice model parameters calibration and Origin-Destination (OD) matrix estimation is presented. The paper will assume as available information a set of link traffic counts, a ...