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In the Italian language, the term "tempo" (literally time) is a word of daily use to which we attribute many meanings. It can signify a chronological dimension between past, present and future, an epoch or a period, a phase of an action, as well as the weather and its change. In philosophical and scientific thought, it was the becoming, the before and after of each moment, the unchanging and uniform time of Galilean and Newton's physics, the variability of existential states or the memory of a primeval condition. As the physicist and essayist Carlo Rovelli states, time «is perhaps the greatest mystery» (Rovelli, 2017). The journalist Federico Rampini recalls an ancient Afghan proverb «you have the clocks, we have the time», reflects on its value dimension, different from the attitude of western culture to measure this dimension, to attribute meanings according to its precise accounting (Rampini, 2013). The contemporary age thus stimulates reflections on the comparison ...

Abstract. Negli ultimi anni la transizione demografica e epidemiologica ha reso obsoleto un sistema sanitario ospedale-centrico ed ha evidenziato la necessità di una nuovo assetto sociosanitario territoriale centrato sulla presa in carico del paziente, sul lavoro in team e in grado di assicurare, attraverso strutture dedicate, continuità di cura e integrazione socio-assistenziale. Le principali trasformazioni in campo normativo hanno quindi orientato gli investimenti strutturali ed economici verso poli in rete con gli ospedali che rappresentano i nuovi punti di riferimento per la salute dei cittadini, dove i servizi di assistenza primaria si integrano con il territorio ed i servizi specialistici di sanità pubblica. Tali strutture costituiscono il paradigma organizzativo al quale le realtà regionali dovranno tendere. L'articolo riporta recenti esperienze condotte nell'ambito delle regioni Piemonte e Lombardia in questo settore e la ricerca in corso in ambito del CNETO per c...

Una progettazione ambientalmente consapevole a scala microurbana ed edilizia richiede l'adozione di strategie e di strumenti molteplici. Le relazioni tra forma degli insegnamenti e impatti sull'ambiente,tra clima ed edificato, tra elementi dell'ambiente quali l'acqua, il verde, l'aria e la qualita di vita sono alcuni dei nodi coinvolti. Il volume tocca molti di questi aspetti mettendoli in relazione nell'ambito del progetto architettonico. I diversi temi vengono affrontati senza la pretesa di portare alla completa padronanza di metodi e conoscenze proprie di ambiti specialistici, dalla climatologia alla chimica e l'ingegneria ambientale, alla tecnica dei trasporti, alla botanica e alla fisica, ma suggerendo un punto di vista consapevole delle implicazioni scientifiche e tecnologiche delle tematiche affrontate e delle scelte che si andranno ad operare. L'obiettivo e indicare ai progettisti le ricadute sull'ambiente e sul benessere degli abitanti ch...

The paper describes a research based on the use of the software BIM (Building Information Modeling) which is associated with an experimental procedure of the evaluation of durability and the life cycle based on FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis), one of the methods for durability assessment indicated by the ISO 15686-1 standard. The study shows the methodology and develops a case study on the refurbishment of an old building and discusses its outcome. The experiment on one side illustrates the utility of the analytical approach of FMEA and on the other side the difficulty to use different data and information to be considered in the durability evaluation carried out by the designer  based on the expert assessment. The role of the experts is to design a model and to assess the criticality of each event and to define the relationship between the causes and effects on building elements function. The designer has to define the environmental conditions of the site, the specificatio...

Immagine rinnovata. Lo scopo era anche quello di ottimizzare il consumo energetico. Obiettivo della ristrutturazione: ricreare uno spazio con i caratteri e la qualita di una strada del centro urbano. I dati provvisori per i primi mesi del 2009 indicano un incremento dell' affluenza pari 4%

L’argomento di questo Quaderno sull’architettura dell’ospedale, per la vastità e la complessità delle tematiche trattate, è stato sviluppato in due volumi. In questo primo volume sono stati introdotti i concetti generali della progettazione architettonica dell’ospedale, distinti in due parti: la prima relativa agli aspetti metodologici, la seconda dedicata ai criteri per la definizione della qualità dell’architettura dell’ospedale, articolati nei domìni “Funzione”, “Forma” e “Comportamento” ed esaminati attraverso sperimentazioni e applicazioni progettuali. In un secondo volume vengono presentati e analizzati dieci casi di studio particolarmente significativi, che illustrano l’applicazione dei criteri riportati nel primo volume attraverso l’esame critico di spazi, componenti o materiali che qualificano l’architettura dei complessi ospedalieri presentati

The average number of inhabitants per room in Italy has risen from 1.31 in 1951 to 0.62 inhabitants in 2001 (ISTAT, 2014). Until 2006 construction has fueled the waste of land. The most part of the new buildings built in the last decades are low density housing. Housing shortage, especially for economically impaired population (young, unemployed, immigrants, senior citizens) is common. On the other hand, the amount of empty homes, in Italy and in Europe is quite large and definitely higher than needed. The model of urban development that has been implemented in recent decades has often been characterized by development programs by municipal bodies in competition between municipalities without regards to real economic needs. The construction industry followed this trend leading to the present crisis of the real estate sector. The home availability doesn't match the real economic needs and many homes are empty around Europe. Moreover, in Italy the most part of buildings are occupi...

Recuperare e rigenerare l'esistente, sia a scala di edificio sia di porzione di citta, tutelare il territorio e l'ambiente, produrre energie rinnovabili e sviluppare la cultura dell'edilizia di qualita mettendo il progetto al centro. Questo l'approccio indispensabile per definire i nuovi scenari urbani

La manutenzione degli edifici ospedalieri e un fattore chiave dell'efficienza del servizio offerto ai pazienti. Il contributo considera alcuni dati di costo elaborati dai bilanci delle aziende ospedaliere italiane e li confronta con dati delle letteratura scientifica internazionale. Si evidenzia l'esigenza di effettuare rilevazioni attendibili e confrontabili dei costi di manutenzione degli edifici ospedalieri italiani al fine di orientare sia le attivita di gestione sia la progettazione di strutture nuove o riqualificate.

RE:WATERFRONT evaluates theories and results from an interdisciplinary design experience with focus on urban architecture in sustainability discourse. Taking the design teaching of “RE:WATERFRONT: Post-industrial harbor transformation at Frihamnen in Gothenburg, Sweden” as a case study, this book intends to tackle the theme of re-development in urban voids. The aim is to introduce a methodological framework feasible to use when improving and consolidating a design approach oriented towards the concepts of experimentation, sustainability and creativity. Utilizing the transformation of a post-industrial harbor site as the intellectual and operational framework to catalyze speculative inquiries in the era of wicked problems, RE:WATERFRONT demonstrates alternatives to the current design and construction of urban space. The approach can be applied both as a design method in teaching, research and professional practice, as well as a reflection on the relationship between sustainability and architecture. The outcome has bearing on academics, educators, professionals, and policymakers interested in aspects of interdisciplinary sustainable design processes in urban redevelopment

A building is the outcome of a process that starts with the decision to build and continues throughout the production/maintenance/utilisation stages up to demolition and recycling. Such factors as the relatively long life of most constructions, including those referred to as "ephemeral" (compared to other industrial products), and the significance and values that become associated with a building in the course of time enhance the importance of the utilisation and maintenance stages. Over time, a building interacts with the user/buyer/dweller and with its surroundings through a mechanism of "self-adjustment", consisting of maintenance and adaptation works. For these reasons, and in view of the quantities of pollutants released into the air, the water and the soil from most buildings during their serviceability stage, the building "product" should be analysed as a process whose goal is to supply appropriate living conditions during its life cycle, and whi...

In recent years, many studies have revealed an increasing rate of hospital obsolescence, which reflects the velocity at which contemporary society and medical knowledge evolve. Recognizing this challenge, the main goal of contemporary and future hospital planning is to create flexible facilities capable of modifying and updating their services over time. Many scholars and practitioners have already developed prefabricated and flexible strategies. Working from Professor Kendall’s Open Building theorization (Kendall, 1999) and current applications of hotel facilities plug-in rooms, a multidisciplinary research group from Alta Scuola Politecnica has developed the Open Room approach, an innovative design solution that is able to adapt to changing needs. The Open Room is an innovative design approach able to adapt to changing needs. The design approach is structured into three parts: • the primary system, which consists of a main structural framework that can host open room modules • the secondary system, composed of the sub-structural skeleton with all the installations of the module • the tertiary system, which features both the furniture and prefabricated finishing panels that allow changes to the room’s inner configuration and function. The final product is a prefabricated room, transportable in three parts and able to accommodate a variety of fit-out changes. The interior space is defined by a series of customizable wall panels with foldable furniture and integrated functions, while the tri-partition of the substructures creates the possibility to remove the room and repurpose the building over time. The research work defined the conceptual and technological framework for different ongoing studies on economic feasibility and possible market application

The paper proposes a reflection and a point of view on the design of the contemporary hospital and the architectures for health according to “vertical” or “horizontal” typologies. The aim is to identify in various configurations, the relationships between the quality of the spaces and specific requirements in relation to the most recent developments in medicine both from the organizational and functional points of view and the social component. The method consists in defining a framework of demanding and performance comparison of different hypotheses, supported by indirect and direct analysis of the outcomes, through an analysis matrix related to case studies, considered as best practices among the architectures for health.

The architecture and the micro-urban scale design are elected to disciplines capable of materializing society's perennial and rapid evolution demands. The design quality derives from its characteristic of opening up to external contamination, making work on the frontiers of knowledge and the hybridization of knowledge crucial. The contribution reflects on the Urban Metabolism's (UM) role as a boundary metaphor, within which interaction among the scientific community, stakeholders, policymakers, and designers is possible. This metaphor could then be understood as a potential investigation and design tool for the Urban Ecosystem. UM's possible relationship with architecture and environmental design is investigated, starting from models and approaches typical of other disciplinary fields.

Cities will have a decisive role in reducing the consumption of resources and greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Various experiences of urban regeneration have exploited Information and Communication Technology (ICT) potentialities to optimize the management of complex systems and to encourage sustainable development models. This paper investigates the role of ICT technologies in favouring emerging design for Circular Economy (CE) in the urban context. The paper starts by defining the theoretical background and subsequently presents the goal and methodology of investigation. Through a scoping review, the authors identify case studies and analyse them within the Ellen MacArthur Foundation classification framework that splits the urban context into three urban systems: buildings, mobility and products. The research focuses on nine case studies where the ICT solutions were able to promote the principles of CE. The results show, on the one hand, how data management appears to be a centra...

The Italian public housing building stock is considerable, although quantitatively less than that of other European countries,. The public policies adopted in the last decades have pushed the supply of housing by the private sector and supported the sale of the assets by the public housing authorities. Those buildings are often degraded and obsolete. Nevertheless, the issue of redevelopment of this part of the residential building stock is a central focus, also because of its important social role, especially in the current period of crisis. One of the recurring factors in the Italian case is the low quality of this building stock due to the lack of an organic maintenance activity. The paper reports the first results of a research carried out by the Department of Architecture and Design in cooperation with a social housing public authority, the Regional Agency for the Central Piedmont House (ATC). The goal of the research was the development of methodologies for estimating and analy...