تېلوريوم

Tellurium, ₅₂Te
عمومي خواص
Pronunciation	/tɪˈljʊəriəm/ ; TI-LEWR-EE-əm
Appearance	silvery lustrous gray (crystalline),; brown-black powder (amorphous)
Tellurium په دوراني جدول کې
antimony ← tellurium → iodine	‍
اټومي شمیره (Z)	52
گروپ, پیریود	group 16 (chalcogens), period 5
بلاک	p-block
Element category	metalloid
معياري اټومي وزن (Ar)	کينډۍ:Val
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 6
فزیکي خواص
حالت (at STP)	جامد
دويلې کيدو ټکى	722.66 K (449.51 °C, 841.12 °F)
يشنا ټکی	1261 K (988 °C, 1810 °F)
Density near r.t.	6.24 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	5.70 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	17.49 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	114.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	25.73 J/(mol·K)
اټومي خواص
Oxidation states	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1, −2 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.1
Ionization energies	1st: 869.3 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1790 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 2698 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	138±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	206 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	hexagonal Hexagonal crystal structure for tellurium
Speed of sound thin rod	2610 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	18 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
د تودوخې تېرېدنه	1.97–3.38 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility (χmol)	−39.5·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)
Young's modulus	43 GPa
Shear modulus	16 GPa
Bulk modulus	65 GPa
Mohs hardness	2.25
Brinell hardness	180–270 MPa
CAS Number	13494-80-9
History
Naming	after Roman Script error: The function "Lang" does not exist., deity of the Earth
Discovery	Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (1782)
First isolation	Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Main isotopes of tellurium
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تېلوريوم (په انگرېزي: Tellurium) له کیمیاوي عناصرو څخه یو دی چې په تناوبي جدول کې د Te سمبول او ۵۲ اتمي شمېرې په وسیله ښودل شوی دی.

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د استعمال ځایونه

سرچينې

↑ Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)
↑ Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.
↑ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
↑ Alessandrello, A.; Arnaboldi, C.; Brofferio, C.; Capelli, S.; Cremonesi, O.; Fiorini, E.; Nucciotti, A.; Pavan, M.; Pessina, G.; Pirro, S.; Previtali, E.; Sisti, M.; Vanzini, M.; Zanotti, L.; Giuliani, A.; Pedretti, M.; Bucci, C.; Pobes, C. (2003). "New limits on naturally occurring electron capture of 123Te". Physical Review C. 67: 014323. Bibcode:2003PhRvC..67a4323A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.67.014323.

دا ليکنه نابشپړه ده، تاسې ددې ليکنې په بشپړولو کې د ويکيپېډيا سره مرسته کولای شئ.

[CIAAW2016-1] Meija, J.; Coplen, T. B. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |displayauthors= ignored (|display-authors= suggested) (help)

[2] Cverna, Fran (2002). "Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion". ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals (PDF). ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-768-0.

[3] Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF) (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

[4] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[5] Alessandrello, A.; Arnaboldi, C.; Brofferio, C.; Capelli, S.; Cremonesi, O.; Fiorini, E.; Nucciotti, A.; Pavan, M.; Pessina, G.; Pirro, S.; Previtali, E.; Sisti, M.; Vanzini, M.; Zanotti, L.; Giuliani, A.; Pedretti, M.; Bucci, C.; Pobes, C. (2003). "New limits on naturally occurring electron capture of 123Te". Physical Review C. 67: 014323. Bibcode:2003PhRvC..67a4323A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.67.014323.

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