Dr. Pushkar Dubey

Parents of children with intellectual disability put more care and effort in raising their children. The perceived stress faced by this segment of parents is more than that of the parents with normal child. It is therefore essential for the caregivers to release their burden to perform normal care giving functions. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of socioeconomic demographics and social support on the perceived stress of parents of children with intellectual disability. The study was conducted in Chhattisgarh state among 100 parents of children with intellectual disability. Perceived stress scale and Social support scale were the toolsused in the study for data collection. Purposive sampling technique was the method adopted in the study for the selection of samples in the study. Multiple hierarchal regression analysis was used to test the proposed model. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to further confirm the mediating effect of social support on income and stress. Result indicated that socio-demographic variables income, education and gender significantly contributed to the variation of stress and showed negative association with stress. However age did not contribute significantly in the variation of stress. Result of mediating effect of social support showed significant association between income and stress.

The aim of the study was to predict the effect of service quality on perceived value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in hospitals of Chhattisgarh. A 22 item scale (under five dimensions namely tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy) of service performance developed by Cronin and Taylor, 1994 was used to access the service quality of hospitals under study. Self-structured questionnaire was administered for measuring the perceived value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty of hospitals under study. Data collection was made with the help of 120 respondents having fulfilled the inclusion criteria of research. Five different hospitals were chosen for the purpose of the study. Purposive sampling technique for data collection. The hypothetical model was evaluated by the help of structural equation modelling and the result was a good model fit. The result concludes that service quality has positive and direct effect on customers perceived value, customer's satisfaction and customer loyalty in hospitals of Chhattisgarh.

The present study attempts to find the impact of issues related to online admission on satisfaction in higher educational institutions Bilaspur. A proposed model covering eight different dimensions namely student satisfaction, transparency and efficiency, information access, ease of use, safety and security, resource utilization and value for money was tested in the study. The participants were the enrolled students of first year group of higher educational institutions who were practicing online system of admission. With the help of 100 participants data were collected and analyzed. Structural equation modeling with the help of AMOS was done to find the result and model fit. The outcome revealed that student satisfaction, transparency and efficiency, information access, ease of use, resource utilization, safety and security and value for money directly and positively affected the students satisfaction. The proposed model was found to be a good fit.

The profitability and productivity of organization depends on the performance and commitment of its employees. Every employee has a personal and professional life; both of these are very difficult to separate. If an organization wishes to have better productivity and more commitment from employees then they have to be committed and satisfied. This can be achieved by an individual when have a fulfilled life inside and outside and his work and is accepted and respected for the mutual benefit of the individual and the organization. Organizations are social systems where human resources are the most important factors for effectiveness and efficiency and need effective managers and employees to achieve their objectives. Work life balance is partly employer's and partly individual responsibility. The present article deals with surveying the past literatures on work life balance and job satisfaction in various sectors of Industries in India and abroad.

Research is gaining importance in every sphere of life. Firms, business entity, service providers, government and private organisations, educational institutes etc. have realised the importance of research and development in promoting efficiency of men, material and machine. Planned research requires right tools and techniques for robust result. The study presents a framework in choice of correct statistical tools and techniques, for hypothesis testing research work and guide researchers towards truthful results.

Micro finance in India emerged as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation. Its main objective is to provide a cost effective mechanism for providing financial services to the poor. This study is an attempt to outline prevailing conditions of micro finance in India, its issues and challenges. It also discovers the prevailing gap in functioning of MFIs such as, practice in credit delivery, lack of product diversification, customer overlapping and duplication of consumption and individual loan, demand less thrust to enterprise loan, less collection of saving increasing outstanding loans and existence of higher rate of interest. All this indicates that MFIs are moving without any direction. Finally, this study concludes with enforceable suggestions to overcome the issues and challenge associated with Micro-finance in India.

Digitization is changing the customer behaviour. The banks and non-banking financial corporate are making changes in the process and creating an integrated ecosystem. They are consumerising the entire technology and the process. It is giving the power in consumers hand and they are driving the change in process. The government of India has taken great initiative by announcement of various schemes such as Jan-dhan scheme, Mudra banks, payment banks etc. This scheme will bring more of the unbanked population in the banking circuit. It is both challenge and opportunity for financial service provider. It will be a challenge because they have to win the trust of more people and provide them efficient customer service. At the same time they can tap in to new markets, bring out the solutions that make banking transactions more efficient and in turn translating in to revenue. Thus, it will be win-win for both customers and financial service provider. This study is aimed to pin point the pace of opportunities and challenges of digitization on financial services.

In today's competitive and rapidly changing business world, organizations especially in the service industry need to ensure maximum utilization of their resources to their own advantage; a necessity for organizational survival. This has increased the need for organizations to not only improve the way they deliver services but also to examine their practices, organization mission and goals, performance objectives and performance measures. Human resource management practices has the ability to create organizations that are more intelligent, flexible and competent than their rivals through the application of policies and practices that concentrate on recruiting, selecting, training skilled employees and directing their best efforts to cooperate within the resource bundle of the organization. The paper examines previous literature through secondary sources in different organizations.

Agriculture forms a predominant position in the Indian economy. It is a prominent factor for the growth of any country. Fertilizer is an essential and vital input for increasing agricultural output. Fertilizer Industry is an important impetus for agricultural development. Thus successful marketing strategies are vital for the marketers to combat competition and to gain competitive advantage over the rivals. The present paper aims to design successful marketing mix for the public, private and cooperative sector fertilizer companies in the state of Chhattisgarh. With the help of 300 respondents each of 100 respondents from all the three sectors, data on 41 items of a self structured questionnaire was collected. Factor analysis was applied to the data set of these 100 responses of public, private and cooperative sector respectively. Resultant of factor analysis was termed as the important factor, needful for the designing of suitable and effective marketing mix policies.

India is the second largest producer of the firms output where majority of population depends on the agricultural activities for their livelihood. Growth of Industries and openings of MNCs have not yet declined the importance of agriculture in India. Economic development is not a sole function of Industrial development; it also includes development of agriculture. Sustainable development is the need of the time and it can only be achieved through balanced growth of both agriculture and Industrial sector. There is a popular saying " Countries are known for their greenery, and India is one of those country. Growth of agriculture and growth of fertilizer Industry supplement each other. Both go hand in hand. The article attempts to present a broad view of fertilizer Industry in Indian perspective. Through the use of secondary data, attempts have been made to study issues like demand and supply position, consumption trends, growth factor of fertilizer in India.

Education is the basic tool for the development of an individual. Individual is linked to the society and society is linked with the country. Therefore the development of manpower resource in education sector has key role to play in the development of a nation. Present study focuses on the issue of Human resource development climate prevailing in private engineering colleges of Odisha. Based on employee opinion the OCTAPACE Culture, general climate and HRD implementation dimension were surveyed and the overall HRD Climate was found to be average.

In the global context the Indian Railways is the second largest system in the world under a single management. It is world`s ninth largest commercial employer, with over 1.4 million employees. It operates around 11,000 trains every day, of which 7,000 are passenger trains. The total number of passengers booked during 2013-14 stood at 8,535 million, compared 8,602 million in 2012-13. Most of the cities, metros and states are connected by the railways. In India it is the most preferred mode of transportation for commuters and the long distance travelers. Besides train running, the Indian railway provides meals at the stations and also on trains. Indian railway serves one million meals per day, thus is also the largest caterer in the world. Railway is not merely about running Passenger and Freight trains; it is much more complex than what it appears. This study has been conducted to get an insight on the catering facilities available at Raipur railway station with respect to passenger's satisfaction. It analyses whether the catering service provided by the railways meets the passenger's expectation or not, whether the passengers are satisfied with the existing catering service provided in the Raipur railway station or not.

There are varied of consumer responses with respect to their purchase decision. It differs as per thei r demographi c prof i le.
Consumers with different age, income, occupation, gender, family profile etc. differ in their opinion with respect to different product attributes. Present study is an attempt to measure the opinion di f ferent i a l s of consumer s demography with respect to product and service attribute of Chinese electronics items in Bilaspur city. It is a generalized study, and with the help of 100 respondents with convenience sampling method in operation, differences are measured. Kruskal wallis H test and Mann-Whitny U test is employed to test hypothesis to arrive at specific conclusion. The end result will help in effective market segmentation and thereby formulation of suitable marketing policies to generate effective sales result.

With the growing form of pragmatic education, concern for job has more significant relationship with studies. Studies in modern educational institutions are linked with placement opportunities. Thus placement cell of concern institutions are
concerned with providing suitable job opportunities to the prospective students. The present study is an attempt to present an overview of the working culture and students view of training and cell of management institutions in Bilaspur district in the state of Chhattisgarh. With the help of 120 sample
respondents (students) data were collected. Mean score and standard deviations tools were used to interpret the data. The conclusion made in the study will help in designing suitable framework for working of placement cell of management institutions of the region.

Human Resource Development climate studies is gaining wider acceptance in Indian organisations. It is well understood that growth of Industry is significant with the growth of manpower.
Congenial work environment is the base for creation of favourable climate in any Industry for growth related issue. Measuring work culture accesses the strengths and weakness of employees in the Industry. The paper attempts to measure HRD Climate through OCTAPACE Culture, general climate and HRD Mechanism Implementation dimensions in Indian public sector power Industry.

Three fundamental or basic needs of humanity are food, cloth and shelter. Indian constitution provides for all these three
basic needs of human beings. Unfortunately after 68 year s of
Independence, the problem of food remains unsolved. It has created much more future demand for the food Industry.
Although rapid farming and improved techniques have made possible to increase the crop yield, but has corroded the soil
fertility. Use of fertilizers in this regards have been a practical solution to preserve the nutrient content in the soil and increase the increase the soil fertility. Fertilizer Industries are doing a commendable job in helping the farmers to increase the productivity at large. The present paper presents a review on the previous work done in fertilizer marketing in India and
abroad.

Retail sector occupies a prominent position in the economic development of the country. It contributes 14% of the total GDP of India. It comprises of both organised and unorganised sector. An organised sector comprises the retailers who are licensed and are registered for sales tax, income tax etc, whereas unorganised sector constitutes the traditional low volume retailers like kirana and betel shops. Unorganised retiling is predominant in India accounting for 92% of the retail sector. This creates ample of gap for the organised sector to set them in competition. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indian market is relatively old concept. It was introduced in Indian market in 1991 by allowing foreign investors to trade in the home country. On September 20th, 2012, a set of new regulations on FDI was introduced by Government of India. According to this rule FDI was approved for 51% in Multiband retailing and 100% FDI on Single brand retailing. In the view of this economic reform many of the political parties and states expressed their protest. States opposing the FDI rule includes Gujarat, UP, West Bengal, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Many critics point out that it was a positive move by the government in the time of economic recession, while others opposed it, as its long term consequences are still unknown. Although FDI in retail has advantages like abolition of middlemen concept, bringing in best of the management practices, provision of quality and variety in goods and services with least possible prices etc. It can also significantly contribute towards GDP of the nation, which will bring economic development and will create infrastructural reforms in the country. At the same time it has certain drawbacks like unorganised retailers will lose their livelihood, large scale unemployment can be seen in the future time, it will create disequilibrium in the Indian labour market, essential resources will get depleted, local and national brand of product will get exhausted. The biggest threat of Retail FDI is, their long term effects during the time of economic crises are still unknown. There is a popular saying that “Man proposes and God Disposes”. Allowing the foreign players to trade in Indian market through FDI reforms is how far positive move is a critical point of debate which will be solved in the future course of time.

With modernization individuals life has turned fast with little or no time for relaxation. Growth of Restaurant business in past have given opportunities to these individuals to enjoy food and services. Restaurants have provided wide range of choices of food for the consumers at large. In this context rationalization of issues which affecting the consumers choice has become significantly important. The present study aims in identifying the key factors which affects the service class consumer's decision in choosing restaurants in Bilaspur city in the state of
Chhattisgarh. Sample size taken in the study constitutes 141 respondents. Factor analysis technique was adopted in
the study to identify the key components which plays a significant role in choosing restaurants in the city.

Research is gaining importance in every sphere of life. Firms, business entity, service providers, government and private organisations, educational institutes etc. have realised the importance of research and development in promoting efficiency of men, material and machine. Planned research requires right tools and techniques for robust result. The study presents a framework in choice of correct statistical tools and techniques, for hypothesis testing research work and guide researchers towards truthful results.

Human Resource is the most imperative factor in the process of production. Therefore, their growth and development finds essential position for sustaining long term objective of organisations. Human Resource Development is concern with development of employee competencies, so as to make them more functional and productive. The work examines previous literatures through secondary sources on HRD factors in different Organisations.

Fiscal policy in India is the taxation policy through which government generates funds for public expenditure. Development requires change process, which comes through effective governance. Fiscal policy aims in growth, equity and stability factor of the country. Present article argues whether prevailing system of fiscal measure in the country are adequate for development. The paper also suggests valuable measures to the government for making fiscal measures of the country more efficient and effective, for growth and development.

Power is an unavoidable requirement in the present era of mankind. Every act of work is directly or indirectly performed by power. NTPC Ltd. is the no.1 power producing company in India accelerating India’s growth. The present study aims in identifying the contribution made by NTPC Ltd. to the power growth in India. The profile of NTPC is studied in detail and through secondary data sources comparisons where made with respect to the overall power Industry.

Health is considered to be the principal asset of human being. With modernization human beings are more likely to suffer from unavoidable diseases. Hospital services are providing
treatments and therefore have become key part of individual’s life. In this context the role of an individual in choosing hospital services is a dedicate issue in influencing their health. The
present study aims in identifying the key factors which affects individual decision in choosing hospital services in Bilaspur city in the state of Chhattisgarh. Sample size taken in the study
constitutes 156 respondents. Factor analysis technique was used to identify the key components which play a significant role in consumer decision making process.

Teachers are the most imperative factor who shapes the behaviour of a child. They are the most essential element for the development of an elegant society. With high-quality teachers the civilization can move in the right direction. Therefore the development of teachers in education sector has key role to play in the development of a nation. Present study focuses on the issue of Human resource development climate prevailing in the private schools of western Odisha. Based on teacher’s pinion the OCTAPAC Culture, general climate and HRD implementation dimension were surveyed and the overall HRD Climate was calculated.

With the rapid process of Industrialization, India in recent time has emerged as one of the fastest developing country in the world. With the overall growth of the country, power has become uttermost need to pump the process. The present study examines the key features of power in India, estimated demand and supply position of power, consumption pattern and the role of NTPC Ltd. in overall power production in the country. Data collected in the present study were only from the secondary sources. Data analysis was through the means of comparison drawn from year wise collected information and data on power function in India.

With modernization countries across the globe are coming together. Sophisticated tools and machineries’ have made the lives of millions easier. Products in the form of goods and services are continuously changing their form to enhance their benefit and provide better customer satisfaction. All these have only been possible due to human effort. ‘Human’ factor is therefore, the most imperative and significant factor for production. ‘Human Resource Management’ is an unavoidable issue in the modern day globalization. Unlike other resources which are viewed valuable, human resources are the most valuable than all the other resources. Optimum utilization and appropriate maintenance are the key issues behind creation of competent workforce. Issues related to human resource like recruitment, selection, orientation, training and development, performance appraisal, potential assessment, Industrial relation, grievance management, trade union are essential to understand and develop human resource in order to increase productivity of an organization. The book is essentially designed to cover all these issues pertaining to understanding of human resource. The content has the coverage which is useful for the academicians and the practitioners’ at large. It covers the most of syllabus taught in HRM in Indian Universities. I hope that I will act as a useful reference and guide to all the readers.The entire work has been presented in ten different chapters. Effort has been made to present each topic in simple and understandable means for the readers. Topic under coverage includes Introduction to Human Resource Management, Human Resource planning and Job analysis, Selection process, Induction, Training and Development, Performance appraisal, exit policy and potentialassessment, Job evaluation, Wage administration, Industrial Relations and Human Resource Development.
Suggestions, reviews, comments and observations from the readers are most welcome.
Dr. Pushkar Dubey

Agriculture for an honourable and high-minded man is the best of all occupations by which men procure the means of living. Advances in medicine and
agriculture have saved vastly more lives than have been lost in all the wars in history. Agriculture in Indian states has direct and indirect effect on the lives of
Indian people and in order to live up to the expectations, the sector has vastly grown and increased the output to several times. Improved means of cultivation,
technological advancements, modern equipments and high quality fertilizers have made it possible. Rapid growth and lack of crop rotation measures have made
to lose the soil fertility, thereby increasing the demand for fertilizers in India. The present paper highlights various issues in fertilizer marketing in the state of
Chhattisgarh. Firstly, it explores an idea on problems related to the sector in the state and secondly, attempts have been made to study the marketing mix of
fertilizer in the state.

Technical Education systems largely depend upon the enrolment of quality input in Technical Institutions
governed by both Govt. and Private sectors. Recently it has been observed that a large numbers of seats are
lying vacant in technical institutions, in spite of liberal policies that are adopted by AICTE and various State
Govt. with regard to admission process. The quality of enrolment is also declining. This study pertains to the
admission position in the state of Odisha in various levels of technical institutions and to find out the
probable solution to the present scenario in order to justify the future technical manpower requirement of the
state as well as the country at large.