Dr. Nilanjan De

Savarkar is an unquestionable nationalist, an ardent anti-imperialist and a fearless freedom fighter, Veer Savarkar had motivated thousands of people both before and after independence. His sacrifice for the motherland still remains in our hearts even after a long effort of destroying his image and works. They tried their best to damage his status as a freedom fighter and they spread lots of myths about him. Savarkar was overlooked in the schools, colleges and even in the university books. Other true son of Maa Bharati, Rash Bihari Bose was also ignored by them. Though these two eminent leaders played their vital roles in separate fields, they had a close connection between them and that may be due to their passion for doing something more for their motherland. The great revolutionary Veer Savarkar always became a source of encouragement to Rash Bihari Bose. This paper will be my humble attempt to find out the missing links between those greatest revolutionaries of Bharat. To find the real facts behind the myths propagated by those narrow-minded, pseudo-secular, unscrupulous and megalomaniac politicians, educationists, researchers etc.

Tripura was a princely state and ruled by the rulers of Manikya dynasty for a long period. She merged with the Indian Union on 15 th Oct 1949. The rulers of Tripura wanted to modernise their state and educational modernisation was only a part of it. However, that process of modernisation was started only from the last quarter of 19 th century. Many schools, both primary and secondary were established during that short span of time. Nevertheless, due to its primitive and patriarchal character the ratio between the male and female literacy growth rate was not uniform. In this article the researcher tried to find out the female literacy growth rate in Tripura before her amalgamation and historically analyse the real cause behind the negligence of women education in the Princely state Tripura on the basis of various statistical records. Education is one of the pillars of modernisation and literacy growth rate is an indicator through which the educational growth can be measured partially...

Tripura, a small hilly state of Eastern India and was an independent princely state before her amalgamation in the Union territory of India on 15th Oct. 1949. She got her recognition as a full-fledged state on 21st January 1972. However, this princely state witnessed a massive flow of immigrants in the 1st half of the 20th century which ultimately changed the demographic pattern of the state. Both the Hindus and Muslims from the enjoining territories of the princely state immigrated due to political and economic push factors but under the systematic administrative guidance of the Manikya rulers, the pull factors also worked behind these huge mass movements. A large number of Hindus as well as Muslims immigrated into the princely state Tripura during the period, but the flow of Muslim immigrants decreased in percentage in the latter part of this period. This article is an attempt to study analytically the Muslim immigrants in the 1st half of the 20th century i.e. from 1901 till the amalgamation of the princely state Tripura with the Indian Union on 15th Oct 1949.

Tripura is a small, charming hilly state, situated in the Eastern part of India. Tripura is a land of tribal and non-tribal people, but the aborigines of the state were tribes. Presently, there are as many as nineteen tribes in Tripura and every tribe has its own culture and customs. Tripuri tribe is one of the prominent aborigines of this state. Indeed, conventional practices are always visible in family ceremonial activities. "Jamai Khata, an apprenticeship of a bridegroom", is such a conventional practice that prevailed in the Tripuri society of Tripura and this will be my humble attempt to analytically study the real essence of this social customs of the Tripuri community of Tripura from the present social perspective.

Arguments about the relationship between migration and development are not a new phenomenon among the scholars. There is always confusion between the nature of migration and development and if it is in the case like Tripura than it become really tough to decipher the real connection between migration and development. Tripura was a princely state and from 1900 to 1949 A.D. was the last fifty years of Manikya rule. During that period a large number of immigrants came to Tripura and settled permanently and became an integral part of the developmental process of the princely state Tripura. Here is an attempt to find out how those immigrants became the integral part of development of the Princely state Tripura.

Migration is a historical phenomenon and is experienced by human being through ages. Due to its versatility, it is termed in various ways. These terminological variations of migration often confused our simple minds and if it is in a state like Tripura then it really become attention grabbing. In the last century, the small hilly state Tripura witnessed a huge influx of immigrants especially the Bengali immigrants that ultimately changed the demographic pattern of the state. Those migrants are of various nature and hence they have their own terminology. In this article, I tried to highlight the various terms of migration and make an effort to find out the appropriate terms used for those migrants in Tripura in the last century based on some primary and secondary sources.

The development of a state cannot be confined only into its economic arena but the socio-political, as well as cultural fields of a state, were also need to be developed and modernized. Among the various guiding forces behind the development process of a state, migration sometimes plays a vital role in it. During the last fifty years of Manikya rule, a large number of immigrants especially Bengali immigrants entered into the princely hilly state of Tripura from colonial India. These immigrations though outnumbered the aborigines of this hilly state, but it stimulated the developmental process of this princely state which was initiated by the Manikya rulers in the last quarter of the 19th century.
This book is a humble attempt to find out the relations between migration and the material development of Tripura. Furthermore, how much migration is responsible for changing the total infrastructural change of the Princely State Tripura and what were the factors that worked behind the immigrations during the last fifty years of Manikya rule are highlighted from a historical perspective.

Tripura, a land of eternal beauty, is one of the smallest states of northeastern region of India. Small in size but its geographical location has made her an important one. Three-fourth of her boundary is sealed with the border of present Bangladesh. It was a princely state before her amalgamation with the Indian Union and was ruled by the Manikya rulers. The state was basically a tribal state but due to huge immigration in the 20th century the demographic structure of the state was totally changed. The contemporary writers, scholars and researchers had highlighted in their writings the various reasons behind the demographic
changes but a complete attention in this field was ignored. Immigration, which was the major cause behind this demographic change was never intensely analysed. Hence I tried to find out all relevant causes behind the various phases of migration in Tripura. Moreover, I tried to find out the terminological variations of igration in Tripura and attempted to strike a balance between the
various theories on migration along with the immigration pattern in the state. Furthermore, an attempt was also made to find out the socio-economic impact of immigration, especially due to Bengali immigrants into the state between the
periods from 1900 to 1971.  I tried my level best to scrutinize analytically the whole episode of migration in Tripura (1900 to 1971) and reveal the real picture out of it. I hope that the young scholars and researchers will find it informative and interesting and the lovers of demographic study will receive incentives to do further research.