Vijay Kautilya

Introduction: Human identification plays a vital role in any crime investigation. Along with the various other established methods, cheiloscopy also plays a key role in linking the criminal with the crime. The ability of a technique in differentiating the sex of a person in the field can help in screening a large number of suspects. This study evaluated the efficacy of cheiloscopy in determination of sex among South Indians. It also studied the pattern of dimorphism in the lips and lip prints of south Indians. Material and Methods: Lip prints from 100 medical students (50 males and 50 females) were obtained and were analyzed, based on Tsuchihashi and Suzuki classification, to check for dimorphism. Lip dimensions were studied by using standard sliding calipers for dimorphism. Results and Discussion: The most common pattern of lip print among males was Type III as compared to Type I in females. The outer four portions of the lip showed statistically significant differences in males an...

Background - An “open book examination” is one in which students are allowed to refer to their notes,textbooks, and other approved material while answering questions. This practice is mostly unheard of. It isideally suited to professional courses like MBBS which especially aim at developing the skills of criticaland creative thinking.Materials and Methods – After a lecture on chapter Medical Law and ethics 100 students selected throughsimple random sampling after obtaining informed consent were given Pre test. Then they were divided into2 groups. The topic Medical Law and Ethics was divided into 2 Parts. The students of Group 1 undertookopen book exams for Part A and Self study exams for Part B and for students of Group 2 it was reversed.Post test was done with the validated pretest questions. To check the retention another open book examwas performed after a month. The students also answered a questionnaire on their perception of open bookexams and the reason for their preferences ...

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is an important microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus & to prevent the vision loss resulting from it, regular screening & timely diagnosis are very important. This study attempts to measure the level of awareness about eye complications of diabetes among patients with type II diabetes mellitus & their knowledge about its effect on vision and the available treatment options. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital based study was carried over a period of 6 months at ophthalmology OPD of a medical college hospital. The data collected was tabulated and is presented here as descriptive statistics, frequencies and ratios. Results and Discussion: Among 100 patients included in this study only 36 patients were aware of eye involvement in Diabetes mellitus. Only 17 patients knew the need for eye checkup even when sugar levels are controlled. 68 patients were getting their eyes tested for the first time. The commonest cause for not getting regular eye...

The Scolecophidia represent an early divergence in the extant snake lineages. As a group they are of little human interest due to their burrowing habits, small size and lack of danger to people. Beaked worm snake or a beaked blind snake is the largest blind snake in the so uth Asian region. Though it is thought to be a significantly found in peninsular India south of the Ganges and Rajputana basin i.e. south of Rajasthan its presence south of latitude 160 is rare or disputed. There is very little known or studied literature about the habitat, behaviors and numbers of these snakes. The snake has been variously classified under different genus before. Here we report the finding of this species in Thiruporur (12.720910N latitude & 80.186650E longitude), a suburb of Chennai city and also try to collectively present published facts and current taxonomic classification of the snake.

Background: Hazardous pesticides continue to be used in the farming industry purely because of economic reasons. Farmers need to understand this risk. Pesticide labels and pictograms were enforced to propagate this risk information to the farmers in a simple way. However, their effectiveness has not been evaluated in India. This study attempts to evaluate the efficacy of these labels and pictograms to help farmers understand the pesticide risks. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 172 paddy farmers in Kancheepuram district of Tamil-Nadu, India. Their interpretation of four pesticide labels and fifteen pesticide safety pictograms were analyzed using (SPSS version 20) for descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used for dichotomic variables. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the 172 farmers interviewed, 93% were unaware of the pesticide regulations and 72.6% had never attempted to read the labels. Only, the red co...

Introduction: Signature is a visuo-motor skill which requires continuous processing of the visual perceptions to execute effectively the fine hand movements. Any defect in the visual inputs could affect a change in the signature. Understanding the variation in signature characters caused by visual acuity change can help better evaluate questioned documents. In our study we try to analyze and catalogue these changes in the signature of a person. Methodology: The study was conducted among 100 subjects above 18 yrs of age and having normal visual acuity. They were asked to provide three samples of their signature, after which the same tasks was repeated with serial increments of myopia. . Changes in the signature class characters were analyzed and compared in all grades of myopia. Results: In this study it was found that there was increase in signature size, signature space between letters and decrease in the Middle zone letter size in different grades of induced myopia. The signature ...

Background: Abuse of psycho active substances has been a problem in the society since ages. And the patterns of substances abused keep changing in every society. Street children are a marginalized group of our society who harbour a variety of social and cultural problems. There is an urgent need to understand their problems better so as to be able to cater to their needs. Method: This is a cross sectional descriptive study where 30 street children were interviewed regarding their personal and work problems. Patterns of abuse of substances by these children was studied based on their interview. Results: Most of the children have ended up on the street to escape from exploitation at home. Due to pressure and influence from friends they take to substance abuse. They start with tobacco; proceed to solvent abuse (80%), alcohol (80%), and cannabis (63.3%). Use of tobacco and solvents starts early at an average age of 8 years. Cannabis is taken by older children. Conclusion: These children...

ABST RACT
Introduction: Human identification plays a vital role in any crime investigation. Along with the various other established methods, cheiloscopy also plays a key role in linking the criminal with the crime. The ability of a technique in differentiating the sex of a person in the field can help in screening a large number of suspects. This study evaluated the efficacy of cheiloscopy in determination of sex among South Indians. It also studied the pattern of dimorphism in the lips and lip prints of south Indians.
Material and Methods: Lip prints from 100 medical students (50 males and 50 females) were obtained and were analyzed, based on Tsuchihashi and Suzuki classification, to check for dimorphism. Lip dimensions were studied by using standard sliding calipers for dimorphism.
R
esults and Discussion: The most common pattern of lip print among males was Type III as compared to Type I in females. The outer four portions of the lip showed statistically significant differences in males and females. Middle portion of the lip was statistically insignificant in sex determination, based on lip print patterns. Thickness of the lip was significantly larger in males as compared to that in females and this criterion could be used to establish a logistic regression for determination of sex of a person.
C
onclusion: Lips not only significantly differ among the males and females in the pattern of the lip print that they present, but they also differ in their size. These features can effectively be used to determine the sex of a person accurately.

ABSTRACT
The Scolecophidia represent an early divergence in the extant snake lineages. As a group they are of little human interest
due to their burrowing habits, small size and lack of danger to people. Beaked worm snake or a beaked blind snake is the
largest blind snake in the south Asian region. Though it is thought to be a significantly found in peninsular India south of
the Ganges and Rajputana basin i.e. south of Rajasthan its presence south of latitude 160 is rare or disputed. There is very
little known or studied literature about the habitat, behaviors and numbers of these snakes. The snake has been variously
classified under different genus before. Here we report the finding of this species in Thiruporur (12.720910N latitude &
80.186650E longitude), a suburb of Chennai city and also try to collectively present published facts and current taxonomic
classification of the snake.
KEY WORDS: Beaked worm Snake, blind snakes, worm snake, Thiruporur.

ABSTRACT
The insatiable craving of mankind for mind-altering substances
is affirmed by the fact that newer drugs have
continuously been evolving over centuries. A recent
strange trend in India is snake venom abuse for getting a
“high”. At least four cases have been authentically reported,
though drug peddlers caught selling such venom
in rave parties and snake dens is relatively rare.
This paper reviews some case reports and tries to highlight
the gravity of the problem in India. It attempts to
analyze the legal and cultural flaws which have influenced
the rapid and silent rise of this novel and dangerous
form of substance abuse.
Key Words: Snake venom; Rave party; Mind altering
substance; Substance abuse

Abstract: -
Substance abuse has been and still is a major personal, social and legal problem in the world. A variety of substances have been implicated to be psychoactive and have been abused by man. History is proof that some practices or sources are very strange and dangerous also. This article presents facts of such rare, less documented and dangerous source of substance abuse. Psychoactive fauna refers to the group of animals whose body parts or excretions contain one or more substances which, in a sufficiently high dose, have the potential to alter the user's state of consciousness.
                        These substances have been part of ritualistic and superstitious practices in the world. Though they are quite significantly existent among us they are less realized by people not under their influence and also by law. We aim at sensitizing the community by compiling and critically analyzing the problems of this rare and fast growing problem of abuse of psychoactive fauna.
Key Words: - Substance Abuse, Psychoactive Fauna, legal Problems.