- Tallinn, Harjumaa, Estonia
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The study discusses theoretical approaches to translations of literary multilingualism using examples from Estonian translations of Baltic German literature. The settings described in Baltic German literature are typically situated in the... more
The study discusses theoretical approaches to translations of literary multilingualism using examples from Estonian translations of Baltic German literature. The settings described in Baltic German literature are typically situated in the Baltic region, allowing the multilingualism in these texts to be interpreted as a sociolinguistic commentary on the period. The study employs terminology rooted in contact linguistics and sociolinguistics, enriched by concepts from literary and translation studies. The article presents various techniques through which translators address the challenge of conveying potentially colonial aspects of language usage in Baltic German historical fiction to contemporary Estonian readers.
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Annotatsioon. Võõrkeeletunni üks eesmärke on toetada õpilaste pädevust ära tunda ühe teema erinevaid kultuurilisi vaatenurki ja luua pinnas avatud suhtlemiseks. Selle pädevuse kontrolli ehk kultuurilise suhtlus pädevuse reaalsustesti on... more
Annotatsioon. Võõrkeeletunni üks eesmärke on toetada õpilaste pädevust ära tunda ühe teema erinevaid kultuurilisi vaatenurki ja luua pinnas avatud suhtlemiseks. Selle pädevuse kontrolli ehk kultuurilise suhtlus pädevuse reaalsustesti on keeletunnis keeruline korraldada, ent pandeemialaine ajal tuttavaks saanud virtuaalõpe pakub siin uusi võimalusi. Artikkel tutvustabki rahvusvahelise üliõpilasprojekti näitel võimalust, kuidas arendada mitmekultuurilisuse pädevust võõrkeeletunnis. Projekt toimus pandeemiaaegsel distantsõppe perioodil Tallinna ülikooli ja Kelaniya ülikooli koostöös. Uurides mälupaikade kui rahvusliku kollektiivse kultuurimälu elementide muutumist ajas ja nende esitamise subjektiivsust, anti üliõpilastele võimalus teiste kultuuride vaatlemise kaudu leida uut enda kultuuris ja tõlgendada seda laiemas kontekstis. Siinses artiklis tutvustatakse üht valminud projekti, mis käsitles metsa kui sümbolit Saksa maal, Eestis ja Sri Lankal, ning analüüsitakse üliõpilaste tehtud esitluse kultuurilisi ülekandeid, stiili ja narratiivi loomiseks valitud perspektiivi. Võtmesõnad: mitmekultuurilisus, kultuurididaktika, sümboolne kompetents, mälupaik, saksa keel võõrkeelena 1 Autor tänab Fulbrighti programmi ja professor Claire Kramschi (UC Berkeley) toetuse ja inspiratsiooni eest.
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Die Bearbeitungen von August von Kotzebues Werken auf Estnisch bilden ein wichtiges Kapitel der frühen estnischen Theatergeschichte, ähnlich wie in vielen anderen Ländern Osteuropas. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Rezeptionsdynamik von... more
Die Bearbeitungen von August von Kotzebues Werken auf Estnisch bilden ein wichtiges Kapitel der frühen estnischen Theatergeschichte, ähnlich wie in vielen anderen Ländern Osteuropas. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Rezeptionsdynamik von Kotzebues Werken im Osten Europas aufgezeigt und am Beispiel Estlands und August Kitzbergs als ersten Kotzebue-Übersetzer in Estland exemplarisch belegt.
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The Three Local Languages of Estonia in Edzard Schaper’s novel The Executioner and in its Estonian Translation. This article analyses the reflection of everyday multilingualism in Edzard Schaper’s novel Der Henker (The Executioner, 1940)... more
The Three Local Languages of Estonia in Edzard Schaper’s novel The Executioner and in its Estonian Translation. This article analyses the reflection of everyday multilingualism in Edzard Schaper’s novel Der Henker (The Executioner, 1940) and its translation into Estonian by Katrin Kaugver (Timukas, 2002). The novel deals with the 1905 revolution in the current Estonian territory, which was at that time a province of the Russian Empire. The novel was written shortly before the outbreak of World War II and translated into Estonian 60 years later after the end of the Soviet era. The complexity and the fluctuation of the contextual elements between the storyline of the novel, the time of its writing and the time of the translation make the novel a rewarding object of research into settings of multilingualism in everyday life. The article focuses on the manifest and latent forms of multilingualism, on the functions of the local languages, as well as on the question whether it helps to an...
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Der vorliegende Beitrag ist der Analyse eines frühneuzeitlichen Diariums aus der Stadt Tallinn (Reval) gewidmet, das im Folgenden als eine Vorform zu späteren literarischen Tagebüchern verstanden wird. Caspar Meuselers (1569-1651)... more
Der vorliegende Beitrag ist der Analyse eines frühneuzeitlichen Diariums aus der Stadt Tallinn (Reval) gewidmet, das im Folgenden als eine Vorform zu späteren literarischen Tagebüchern verstanden wird. Caspar Meuselers (1569-1651) Diarienhefte aus den Jahren 1610-1621 und 1621-1641 sind auf Niederdeutsch verfasste und weitgehend chronikartige Aufzeichnungen über das Gildeleben. In diesem Aufsatz wird nachgezeichnet, welche für das autobiographische Schreiben charakteristischen Merkmale sich bei diesem Text beobachten lassen.
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The aim of this article is to examine how Baltic Germans who left their homes during the Umsiedlung of 1939–40 look back on their lives in Estonia and Latvia. The analysis centers on descriptions of World War I, because of the significant... more
The aim of this article is to examine how Baltic Germans who left their homes during the Umsiedlung of 1939–40 look back on their lives in Estonia and Latvia. The analysis centers on descriptions of World War I, because of the significant changes which this brought to the political situation in the Baltic lands: after the war the Baltic Germans had to give up their leading position in society, and also lost a large part of their land. Every author who writes his/her autobiography is influenced by a knowledge of the time which follows the period being described. In writing about certain historical events, an author therefore not only describes the emotions and values connected with those events, but also adds more general perspectives. This may be the reason why the beginning of World War I is described as a disaster and as the beginning of the end, even though it did not actually bring significant changes into the lives of Baltic Germans. The changes did come, but only much later. W...
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This chapter presents the results of a linguistic landscape project, focused on multilingualism, which was conducted at Tallinn University in the spring term 2019. In a first step, the students of different disciplines documented in a... more
This chapter presents the results of a linguistic landscape project, focused on multilingualism, which was conducted at Tallinn University in the spring term 2019. In a first step, the students of different disciplines documented in a quantitative analysis all signs in the publicly open and accessible facilities of Tallinn University. In a second step, on the basis of the collected data, the students developed different research questions as well as suggestions and ideas for the development and improvement of multilingualism on the campus of Tallinn University. The chapter documents and discusses the learning process of the students and offers a quantitative analysis of the linguistic landscape, as it was captured during this study at Tallinn University in spring 2019.
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This article analyses the reflection of everyday multilingualism in Edzard Schaper’s novel Der Henker (The Executioner, 1940) and its translation into Estonian by Katrin Kaugver (Timukas, 2002). The novel deals with the 1905 revolution in... more
This article analyses the reflection of everyday multilingualism in Edzard Schaper’s novel Der Henker (The Executioner, 1940) and its translation into Estonian by Katrin Kaugver (Timukas, 2002). The novel deals with the 1905 revolution in the current Estonian territory, which was at that time the province of the Russian Empire. The novel was written shortly before the outbreak of World War II and translated into Estonian 60 years later after the end of the Soviet era. The complexity and the fluctuation of the contextual elements between the storyline of the novel, its writing time and the time of the translation make the novel a rewarding object of research into settings of multilingualism in everyday life.
The article focuses on the manifest and latent forms of multilingualism, on the functions of the local languages, as well as on the question whether if helps to analyse the language use in real life situations. It also looks at how local multilingualism, dominated by three local languages – German, Russian and Estonian – has been translated from one local language (German) into another local language (Estonian). The examples chosen in the article are highlighting some regularities in the use of the local and further languages, and offer a cultural-historical and socio-political interpretation of the use of multilingualism.
The article focuses on the manifest and latent forms of multilingualism, on the functions of the local languages, as well as on the question whether if helps to analyse the language use in real life situations. It also looks at how local multilingualism, dominated by three local languages – German, Russian and Estonian – has been translated from one local language (German) into another local language (Estonian). The examples chosen in the article are highlighting some regularities in the use of the local and further languages, and offer a cultural-historical and socio-political interpretation of the use of multilingualism.
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Die deutschbaltische Literatur ist aus der Perspektive der Mehrsprachigkeit ein besonders vielversprechendes Forschungsthema, da ihre Gründungsgeschichte einen Kolonisationscharakter hat und die weitere Entwicklung durch einen... more
Die deutschbaltische Literatur ist aus der Perspektive der Mehrsprachigkeit ein besonders vielversprechendes Forschungsthema, da ihre Gründungsgeschichte einen Kolonisationscharakter hat und die weitere Entwicklung durch einen mehrsprachigen und transkulturellen, aber auch wechselvollen Kontext geprägt war. Im Beitrag wird am Beispiel von drei literarischen Werken analysiert, in welchen Formen sich die gesellschaftliche Mehrsprachigkeit in der deutschbaltischen Literatur widerspiegelt, welche Funktionen die literarische Mehrsprachigkeit hat und welche Schlussfolgerungen für die tatsächlichen Sprachsituationen daraus gezogen werden können. Mit diesem Anliegen beschäftigte sich ein Forschungsprojekt von Germanistikstudierenden an der Universität Tallinn, dessen Ergebnisse der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert.
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Zusammenfassung: Sprachliche Zeichen im öffentlichen Raum gehören zu den Bedeu-tungsträgern in unserem urbanen Umfeld; mit ihrer Hilfe gestalten und präsentieren die Bewohner dieses Raumes ihn als ihren ‚eigenen'. Durch die sprachliche... more
Zusammenfassung: Sprachliche Zeichen im öffentlichen Raum gehören zu den Bedeu-tungsträgern in unserem urbanen Umfeld; mit ihrer Hilfe gestalten und präsentieren die Bewohner dieses Raumes ihn als ihren ‚eigenen'. Durch die sprachliche Landschaft (‚linguistic landscape') manifestieren sich vor allem nationale, staatliche, wirtschaftliche und soziale Gruppeninteressen bzw. die historischen Widerspiegelungen dieser Prozesse, aber auch Kontakte zu anderen Sprachen in einem bestimmten Raum. Diese Eigenschaft macht die Texte im öffentlichen Raum zu einem interdisziplinären und vielversprechen-den (sozio-)linguistischen Forschungsfeld, das auch für den Fremdsprachenunterricht fruchtbar gemacht werden kann (vgl. Marten/Saagpakk 2017). Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse des in Estland im Jahre 2017/18 durchgeführten Schülerwettbe-werbs DACH in meiner Umgebung vorgestellt, um auf dieser Basis die Vor-und Nachteile von Linguistic-Landscapes-Projekten im Kontext des Faches Deutsch als Fremdsprache in Estland zu diskutieren.
Abstract: The representations of language and other signage in public space (Linguistic Landscape) can be read as manifestations of the inhabitants for the purpose of declaring their ownership over their lived space, and to mark and design this space as "our space". The linguistic landscape offers insights into national, economic, social and political interests of different groups of people in a certain area, as well as the historical reflections of these interests and contacts with other languages. The signs in public space have therefore served as an interdisciplinary and promising source for sociolinguistic studies and more recently also in foreign language didactics (Marten/Saagpakk 2017). This article presents the results of a nationwide student competition DACH in meiner Umgebung ('German in my environ-ment') in 2017/18 and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of linguistic landscaping in the framework of German as a foreign language in Estonian schools.
Abstract: The representations of language and other signage in public space (Linguistic Landscape) can be read as manifestations of the inhabitants for the purpose of declaring their ownership over their lived space, and to mark and design this space as "our space". The linguistic landscape offers insights into national, economic, social and political interests of different groups of people in a certain area, as well as the historical reflections of these interests and contacts with other languages. The signs in public space have therefore served as an interdisciplinary and promising source for sociolinguistic studies and more recently also in foreign language didactics (Marten/Saagpakk 2017). This article presents the results of a nationwide student competition DACH in meiner Umgebung ('German in my environ-ment') in 2017/18 and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of linguistic landscaping in the framework of German as a foreign language in Estonian schools.
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This paper analyzes the LL in the city of Bautzen / Budyšin in Germany, a town which is frequently considered the "capital" of the Slavonic minority of the Sorbs. It focuses on the societal role of Sorbian in relation to practices and... more
This paper analyzes the LL in the city of Bautzen / Budyšin in Germany, a town which is frequently considered the "capital" of the Slavonic minority of the Sorbs. It focuses on the societal role of Sorbian in relation to practices and ideologies of mainstream German society. The vast majority of signs in Bautzen / Budyšin are in German only. Sorbian is essentially restricted to explicitly Sorbian institutions and to local and regional administration. Interviews conducted in shops and on the streets reveal that paternalistic attitudes common to perceptions of langua ge policies and minority languages in Germany dominate; practices maintain the common monolingual habitus in German society. Members of the majority population show little awareness of Sorbian issues, and Sorbian signage is seen as a generous gesture but considered essentially unnecessary. Only in most recent times, a reaction by the Sorbian community has challenged these practices and attitudes.
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This paper analyzes the LL in the city of Bautzen / Budyšin in Germany, a town which is frequently considered the "capital" of the Slavonic minority of the Sorbs. It focuses on the societal role of Sorbian in relation to practices and... more
This paper analyzes the LL in the city of Bautzen / Budyšin in Germany, a town which is frequently considered the "capital" of the Slavonic minority of the Sorbs. It focuses on the societal role of Sorbian in relation to practices and ideologies of mainstream German society. The vast majority of signs in Bautzen / Budyšin are in German only. Sorbian is essentially restricted to explicitly Sorbian institutions and to local and regional administration. Interviews conducted in shops and on the streets reveal that paternalistic attitudes common to perceptions of langua ge policies and minority languages in Germany dominate; practices maintain the common monolingual habitus in German society. Members of the majority population show little awareness of Sorbian issues, and Sorbian signage is seen as a generous gesture but considered essentially unnecessary. Only in most recent times, a reaction by the Sorbian community has challenged these practices and attitudes.
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Estonian culture has very strong historical ties to Germany. For over 700 years, from the 13th century until the foundation of the Republic of Estonia in 1918, the ruling elite of the country – the landowners, merchants, higher ranking... more
Estonian culture has very strong historical ties to Germany. For over 700 years, from the 13th century until the foundation of the Republic of Estonia in 1918, the ruling elite of the country – the landowners, merchants, higher ranking craftsmen and intellectuals – were Germans. In 1939 the Germans were resettled to areas that Germany had occupied during the first months of war in Poland. This is when the historic continuity of intercultural relations between Estonians and Germans was interrupted. The paper discusses the implementation of topics concerning the Baltic-Germans in German language lessons in Estonian schools in recent years. Since a systematic approach to the topic is not currently taking place in schools, a number of projects has been launched in order to find new ways for approaching the issue. All the projects share one common feature – the use of Linguistic Landscape or historical landmarks connected to Baltic German culture for drawing the studentsʼ attention to historical connections between Estonian and German culture.