Morocco
Morocco（摩洛哥）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Gaga kska Meycow ka Morocco, 32 00 N, 5 00 W ka gaga na nniqan. Kana ka knlbangan na o 446,550 sq km（hangan na o Tg58） (knlbanga dxgal o 446,300 sq km, knlbangan qsiya o 250 sq km). Kana ka sejiqun o niqan 33,655,786 hiyi. Gaga Rabat ka pusu alang paru, jiyax 30 idas 7 ka jiyax skrayan klwaan. Manu ka dxgal Morocco ga wada sugan 67.50% ka dxgal qpahan, 11.50% ka dxgal bbuyu, rahuq dxgal do niqan 21% na.
Bukung klwaan ta sayang o kiya ka Mohammed VI of Morocco, pnaah hngkawas1999 idas 6 jiyax 23pnrajing kmlawa klwaan.
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cinkhulan sa knita’ sa brbiru’
Morwoke（摩洛哥）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Morwoke Wangkwo（kari Arapo：المملكة المغربية，kariPopoar：ⵜⴰⴳⵍⵉⴷⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ）, thnganan Morwoke（المغرب；ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ[10]） kana gaga gqian hidaw Peyfey kingal Cyuncuriseyn klwaan. Hraan na hidaw o mslutuc dha Arciriya, hunac o gaga na klwaan gqian hidaw Sahara ticyu msdalih dha Mawritaniya, gqian hidaw msdalih Tasiyang, mquri daya o mssipaw dha Cpurwotwo haysya ni Ticunghay ni Putawya, Sipanya. Pusu bi alang o Rapate, pusu paru na alang o Qasapuran[11].
Qtaan ka ris Morwoke ga, ida wada knlwaan egu bi emburux Wangcaw da, tgkingal Wangcaw o pnhiyug hngkawas 788 Yiteris Wangcaw. Knlwaan Murapite Wangcaw ni Muwasite Wangcaw siida, biyax klwaan Morwoke ga ida dhuq baraw balay, ida dxgal Morwoke kana ka daya gqian hidaw Feycow, biyax nag a wada dhuq Yipiriya Pantaw. Dhuq Marin Wangcaw ni Saate Wangcaw do, manu ka Morwoke ga niqan ka eseisil klwaan miyah gmglug dhiya, hici do wada ngalan Etuman Tuercu da, maa wana kingal murux nanaq klwaan daya gqian hidaw Feycow. Arawey Wangcaw ga pnhiyug hngkawas 1631, ana bitaq saying ida hiya ka gaga kmlawan na.
Hngkawas 1912, Morwoke ga wada maa cminti ni pqlahang klwaan da, dxgal o wada sugan Fakwo ni Sipanya. Hngkawas 1956, wada murux dngan, ida hiya ka embiyax bi mniq qnlangan. Hngkawas 1979 do Morwoke ga managl gqian hidaw Sahara, kiya ka kiya ni mniq gqian hidaw Sahara o meysa cyueyn o ida ini shiyi ana kingal klwaan, manu ka Arapo klwaan Reynhiya o smhiyi saw nMorwoke ka dxgal gqian hidaw Sahara. Morwoke ga hniyan na nhiya ka gaga mlutuc dxgal klwaan na Syowta ni Meyririya, kiya ka kiya o balay bi o ida Sipanya ka gaga kmlawa.
Klwaan Morwoke ga ida mduuy 2 yueync Cyuncu Risyeync, Bqanan Cngfu ka Singcngcyueyn, Bqanan Cngfu ni Yihwey dha dha ka Rifacyueyn, ida tduwa mduuy Singcngcyueyn ni Rifacyueyn ka Kwowang, quri saw uuda Cyuns, Waycyaw ni Cungcyaw o tduwa paru hari kari niya. Ida pusu bi Cungcyaw Morwoke ka Yisrancyaw, kari klwaan o niqan Arapo ni kari Popo, dha nii ga kari Popo o mangal hngkawas 2011 djiyun klwaan kida.
Manu ka seejiq Morwoke ga ida mduuy kari Arapo Morwoke ka rngagan dha, ida ini ktna dha mdungus knxalan knxalansayang na kari Arapo; Yasa luban endaan Ris, kika kari Fakwo ni kari Sipanya ga spuan dha mduuy kana. Knxalan sayang o ida Cngyueynkwo Arapoklwaan Reymung, Feycow ni Tucunghay Reynmung ka Morwoke, tg5 knparu na Cingciti Feycow[15].
Ris（歷史）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Qita:Ris Morwoke
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Brah 40 kbuhug hngkwasan do ida niqan ka seejiq sbiyaw gaga mniq Morwoke. Ida tna niqan seejiq ka mniq hini msa ka empruway qawku. Sbiyaw sbiyaw balay mnniq hini seejiq Popoar o ini bi klai kida. Sci7 siida, miyah ka seejiq Arapo, kiya ni Sci 8 do phiyug Wangkwo. Sci ska siida do kmlawa hini na cawtay o duma o seejiq Popoar, duma o seejiq Arapo. Patas bnatas Cungkwo nsbiyaw ga ida niqan ka quri Morwoke, niqan seejiq Sung Cawjus “Cufanc” “klwaan Moceyrey”.
Paah Sci 15 do prajing yahan mrmux klwaan gqian hidaw ka Morwoke. Prajing Sci 20 siida manu ka Morwoke weyci ga ida hiya ka pspais tgkingal knglangan uri. Idas 3 hngkawas 1912, Mangal Morwoke ka Fakwo. Idas 3 hngkawas 1956, kburux nanaq[16] da.
Knxalan Morwoke Arawey Wangcaw sayang pnrajing Sci 17, mduuy Cyuncu Risyeyn, kiya ka kiya ni ida paru cyueynri niya dha ka neyke ksun, kiya ni kika 2yueyncyuncuc.
Hngkawas 1957, Morwoke Sutan Muhanmote 5s pgarang saw priyux Kwowang ksun da, klwaan Morwoke Sutan pryuxan Morwoke Wangcaw da.
Cngc（政治）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Morwoke o Cyuncu Risyeync na egutangc naYisrancyaw, ida paru hari cyueynri na ka Kwowang. Yihwey o snakan Canyiyueyn ni Cungyiyueyn, Cungyiyueyn ga 325 Yiyueyn o ida kwomin ka asi gaaw dhiya. Sqpah dha jiyax o 5 hngkwasan. Canyiyueyn o 270 hiyi o mnuda ririh tnealang ka mgaaw dhiya, 3 hngkwasan pryuxun 1/3 hiyi.
Muhanmote6s ga paah hngkawas 1999 tunci do ksbiyax mincuhwa klwaan, mtlamay saw khwayun ka qnrntan ni qulung psblyaqun ka nniqan sehwey ruwan klwaan, manu ka nganguc o khwayun ka Yisrancyaw Cngce klwaan uri. Ida gaga mniq kska klwaan pusu bi pprngagan Cungtung ni Owmey ka Morwoke. Idas 6 hngkawas 2004, Cungtung Meykwo Pusi ga pgarang kari bqanun hangan uxay Peytasiyang Kungyueycuc pusa mungkwo ka Morwoke msa.
Paah jiyax20 idas 2 hngkawas 2011 do, sjiqan Morwoke ga mgrawah muda mincu swey. Jiyax 9 idas 3 hngkawas 2011, Muhanmote6s ga pgarang saw pkryuxun kana ka Syeyncng msa, quri saw shuya niqan ka Sowsyang ni cyueynri, pkala kwomin cyow ni jncyueyn, phiyug murux nanaq sfatisi knmanu dnii, kika pkmuda mincucngc.
Jiyax 17 idas 6, mgay quri uuda priyux cngc ka kwowang, pqlahang nanaq cyueyn ni phiyug kingal Cyuncurisyeyn tic, bqanun na jiyax 1 idas 7 pdaun Kungtow. Fanan nii ga niqan: Bqanun Sowsyang ni Kwohwey ka egu bi cyueynri Kwowang; Babaw do pkeasi muda mgaaw, pusu pdudul Cngfu o ida snpuan mangal pnegaaw Cngtang; Ida Sowsyang ka smkagul mqpah qpahun Cngfu, saw ka empdudul Singcng pumun ni kwoying cuyey, dungan o manu ka Sowsyang ksun ga niqan cyueynri na kghakun ka Kwohwey dnii.
Jiyax 1 idas 7 hngkawas 2011, muda psupu mdhug bgurah Syeynfa cawan ka kungmin Morwoke. Mgrbu jiyax 2, ruwan klwaan Morwoke na neycng tacn Saarawey ga pgarang cawan, hici do 98.49% ka wada smruwa pyaw daha. Mririh saw mnuda sblayiq bi priyux Syeyncng dh aka klwaan nii.
Pusu na Cawan Bgurah Syeynfa:
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]- Skpruun ka cyueynsyeyn Yihwey, iyux psbiyax dha yueyn Cungyyueyn na pkdudul. Cungyyueyn ga nasi niqan 1/5 na Yiyueyn ka kmkuh do , ida tduwa saan qmita ka endaan pusu na pqpah qpahan Cngfu, uxay uri o niqan 1/3 na Yiyueyn ka kmkuh o tduwa Tanhe ka Tacng, tduwa mririh Kwowang muda tase cyunri.
- Cawan bgurah Syeynfa ga ida psparu bi qmita murux Sfatisi, Sfatisi klwaan ga ida snpuan Fakwan ni kana jncyueyn weyyueynhwey paru bi weyyueynhwey ka kmlawa, manu ka Sfa tacng ga in psai ruwan weyyueynhwey kiya.
- Ruwan Cawan bgurah Syeynfa ga, Kwowang Morwoke ga ida qbsuran klwaan, Ru Hay Qung 3cyun, paru bi Tungsway ni Pdudul Cungcyaw, dhiya ga muda qmpah “Tacn weyyeynhwey” ni phiyug bgurah “Kwocya ancyueyn weyyueynhwey” Cusi, mduuy paru bi psdhug uda hici, kiya ni niqan jnmingcyueyn niya pusu na empqpah Cngfu cikwan ni eseisil klwaan ka Cusi nii.
Tiri(地理)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Gaga mniq daya gqian hidaw Feycow Talu ka Morwoke, Cpurwotwohaysya, ririh rhngun Ticunghay ssaan na Tasiyang, bragan na ssiyaw gsilung ga hmrinas 1700 km. Ida kklai ka hniygan dxgal na, ska ni daya na o msdowras ddgiyaq Aterassanmay, hraan hidaw ni hunac o daya Kawyueyn ni brah Sahara Kawyueyn, wana daya gqian hidaw gsilung ka bbaraw ni mllbu breenux. Yasa mrijil lmihu kana klwaan ka Aterassanmay, kika kmdakar kndadax hunac kncilux bgihur Saharasamo, ida dungus bi nniqan kingal hngkwasan ka Morwoke, mmaku ka qqhuni ni phpah, asi dha thngani “mltu nniqan paru hidaw klwaan” malu hangan, duri ni bqanan “qlangan phpah daya Feycow” malu hangan uri.
Niqan Fujetay Kawyatay ni Hanryow Cyanari, kiya ka mdngu saw Jetaysamo ka karac, ddgiyaq Aterassanmay lmihu kana klwaan, kska na oTuqarefung（4,165m） o kika bowqax bi pungpung.
Pneasug Singcngcyu(行政區劃 )
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu sbatas: pneasug Singcngcyu Morwoke
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Morwoke o kana ka klwaan o snakan 12 paru qnlangan. Gaga klwaan Morwoke na gqian hidaw Sahara ticyu o wada snakan Ayow paru qnlangan, Tahera-Hwangcinkuti paru qnlangan, ciway na daya hraan hidaw gqian hidaw Sahara o nYayung Kayreminhe paru qnlangan. Truma paru qnlangan ga niqan 62 sng ni 13 Singcng Tucacyu .
| skrayan spngan | paru qnlangan | pusu alang |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tanciar-Tesan-Husema | Tanciar |
| 2 | hraan hidaw | Wucita |
| 3 | Feys-Meykeneys | Feys |
| 4 | Rapate-Sarey-Kaynitera | Rpate |
| 5 | Peynimayrare-haynifura | Peynimayrare |
| 6 | Qasapuranqa-Setate | Qasapuranqa |
| 7 | Maraqaca-Safey | Maraqaca |
| 8 | Tera-Tafeyrarete | Rasitiyey |
| 9 | Sus-Mase | Acyatiar |
| 10 | Kayremin | Kayremin |
| 11 | Ayowen | Ayowen |
| 12 | Tahera-hwancinku | Tahera |
Pusu alang(主要城市)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu sbatas: alang Morwoke
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]pusu alang o niqan:
- Qasapuranqa—321 kbuhug hiyi(hngkawas 2007)
- Rapate(pusu alang)-172 kbuhug hiyi（2007年)
- Feys-100 kbuhug hiyi（2007年）
- Maraqaca--87.2 kbuhug hiyi（2007年）
- Meyqeneys-- 38.6 kbuhug hiyi
- Tanciar—31 kbuhug hiyi
Cingci(經濟)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Pusu bi Morwoke Cingci pumun o Ryuyowyey, Yuyey ni Rinswanqwang spusa eseisil klwaan, snkuan Rinswanyeyn o 110hpucing tun, mangal tgkingal nniqan na knglangan. Nungyey ni Muyey ga ida pusu hari uri, ida egu ka wada uqun karac. Morwoke ga ida asi ka smtama hari kndadax eseisil klwaan, Fakwo katg2 dmayaw klwaan, Sipanya ka tgkingal dmayaw klwaan. Ida thuway mrana ka kwomin cingci dha. Hngkawas 2010 kana ka nngalan Morwoke o niqan 917 hpucing meyyueyn, kngkingal hiyi seejiq ga niqan 2,839 meyyueyn. Krnaan cingci o 3.2%, knlabu Tunghwo o niqan1.4% kiya.
Cyawtung （交通）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Mrana hari ka cyawtung elug rulu. Mniq ruwan klwaan ida yunsuyey ka pusu bi mdudul, 90% ka basun ni 75% ka rulu mapa qyqaya muda elug rulu.
Elug rulu qrngul: Teumal mapa elug o niqan 1907 km, kska na hiya o niqan 483km ka egu ddaun, Teyncihwa elug rulu qrngul o niqan 1017km. Rahuq na o niqan 765km ka elug seapa Rinswanyeyn. Hngkawas 2003, mnhdu kari ka Morwoke ni Sipanya, dha klwaan nii ga supu smalu kingal mlihu truma Cpurwotwohaysya na egu elug qrngul. Kungcng nii ga yabi hngkawas 2010do pkrajil muda da, pklutuc Owcow ni Feycow na tgkingal elug rulu qrngul. Hngkawas 2018 do tduwa daun ka tbiyax elug rulu qrngul paah Qasapuran-Tanciar, tgkingal tbiyax elug rulu qrngul Morwoke ka nii, ida tgkingal tbiyax elug rulu qrngul Feycow uri.
Elug rulu babaw dxgal(Kungru): kana knbragan o 64,452km, kska na kingal ci elug rulu babaw dxgal oniqan 15,907km, dha ci elug rulu babaw dxgal o niqan 9,367km, tru ci elug rulu babaw dxgal o niqan 39,178km. dhuq hngkawas 2009 do, tbiyax elug rulu babaw dxgal niqan 916km, niqan ka Rapate-Tanciar, Rapate-Qasapuran-Setate, Rapate-Meyqeneys-Feys dnii egu bi tbiyax elug rulu babaw dxgal. Qtaan ka tg2 kana ka elug rulu babaw dxgal klealang 10 hngkawas uuda(2005－2015）, psalu bgurah1500km elug rulu babaw dxgal hngkawas, hici do pkniqan 80% elug rulu babaw dxgal kana ka klealan klwaan.
Elug babaw gsilung: sayang o ida niqan 30 ka kangqow, kska na 11 o ida niqan egu brihan na, 11 o ssapa, sqraq qsurux. Pusu bi kangqow o niqan Qasapuran, Muhanmotiyey, Safe,Tanciar, Acyatiar dnii.hngkawas 2009 kana ka ppanan na o niqan 6,682 kbuhug tun. Kska na Qasapuranqa o kika tgparu na bi kangqow, mniq kana ka kangqow klwaan oniqan 37% npaan na. Wada mnhdu kaTanciar-Ticunghaykang 1ci na kungcng, maa pkparu bi kangqow Feycow ni Ticunghay uri ka nii.
Sngayan sapah skaya:Kana ka sngayan sapah skaya klwaan o niqan 28, kska na Kwocicicang o niqan 12, saw ka Qasapuranqa Muhanmote5s kwocicicang, Rapate – Serakwocicicang, Maraqaca- Maynara Kwocicicang dnii. Mowangcya Hangqung kungs ga niqan 33 sapah skaya. Rwahan 75 Hangsyeyn, Hangsyeyn musa 4 Tacow klwaan. Kana Hangsyeyn o niqan hmrinas 30 kbuhug km ka knbragan na. hngkawas 2008 pnpanan na seejiq ga niqan 1060 hiyi, hngkawas 2005, Morwoke ni Owmun pndhug patas “rmawah baraw karac” Mohangqung scang ga smruwa Owcow Hangqung kungs muda.
Idas 12 hngkawas 1996, muda Arciriya Morwoke dhuq Sipanya, elug Putawya na Makeripu-Owcow Teynjanci ga tduwa djiyun da. Kana ka knbragan na o niqan 1385km, prajing han o kingal hngkawas o tduwa mhaduc 90 hpucing m3 , Morwoke o tduwa mangal 10 hpucing m3 Teynjanci ka Morwoke. Paah hngkawas 2005 do, Morwoke ga tgkingal mangal neasug na teynjanci djiyun na smalu deyngki, ida tduwa mgay kana ka klwaan 17% na deynki.
Hbragan seejiq（人口）
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]| hbragan seejiq Morwoke | |
|---|---|
| hngkawas | hbragan seejiq(kbuhug hiyi) |
| hngkawas1971 | 15.7 |
| hngkawas 1990 | 24.8 |
| hngkawas 2009 | 32.0 |
| pneiyah: OECD/World Bank | |
Morwoke ga niqan 80% na lutuc Popoar, 20% o wada gmimax da. hngkawas 2006 ini kla matas o 38.4%. Hmrinas 3000 kbuhug hiyi skari Arapo. 1200-1500 kbuhug hiyi o skari kari Popoar. 99% Musrin, kska na 67% o Syunnipay cyawtu, 30% o wucyawpay Musrin, rahuq na 0.9% Citucyawtu , 0.2% o Yowtaycyawtu.
Unhwa(文化)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Kari Arapo o kika kari klwaan, kiya ka kiya ni kari Popo ni kari Fakwo o ida kari klwaan uri, Yisrancyaw o Cungcyaw klwaan. Parajing mduuy idas 8 hngkawas 1993 ka Hasang2s Cingcns, gaga mniq Qasapuranqa na kiyig Tasiyang, gntuan bhgay btunux taris kana, paga syueynri o niqan 200m qnbowqax na, snegul bukuy Maycya Cingcns ni Ayci na Achaar cingcns, tg3 knparu na Cingcns, qyqaya na djiyun o ida tgkingal suyang bi knmalu knglangan.
| smiyan | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| jiyax | hangan Tlu | hangan tnealang | psramal |
| jiyax 2 idas 3 | jiyax knbruxan | ||
| jiyax 30 idas | jiyax qrasan klwaan | Tnci ka Kwowang | |
Cyuns(軍事)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Pusu sbatas: Hwangcya biyax Wucwan Morwoke
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]Morwoke ga murux hngkawas 1956 do, prajing phiyug biyax cyuns klwaan hngkawas 2010 siida kana ka empsaping sayang o niqan 19.5 kbuhug hiyi , rahuq na Rucyun Hwang, Haycyun Hwangcya, Qungcyun Hwangcya do, niqan ka Syeynping Hwangcya, Weytwey Hwangcya ni Putwey Howpeyyi. Kana ka hici balay pnhiyug ka Haycyun, bitaq hngkawas 1960 pnhiyugan.
Pnlkan(領土爭議)
[smmalu patas | ida npatas sspgan ka smmalu patas]
Morwoke ga paah bi murux nanaq hngkawas 1956 ni wada dhuq meydang ka Kwowang Muhanmote5s do, Kwowang Hasan2s ga pgarang saw egu bi dxgal msa. Rahuq na msupu Sipanya muda ppais Yifuni（the Ifni War） do mangal Taarfayanu（Tarfaya Strip）, manu ka Tasyow ni Meyririya ni Saharaticyu o ida niqan egu bi dxgal uri msa.
Hngkawas 1963 mpuruq ka murux ppais Aarciriya, Morwoke ga mrmux ni mangal gqian hidaw Aarciriya na Tingtufu ni Saar, rmngaw nanaq saw dxgal nami Morwoke. Tnjiyan dha ida ppais kingal idas ni wada hmrinas kbkuy hiyi ka mruqih ni mhuqil seejiq, ida ini alax na.
Mniq uxay cminti siida prajing han o, duma Cngqe Morwoke ga, quri saw duma na Morwoke murux tang, saw ka Allal al-Fassi(hngkawas 1956 ida bnatas egu bi “Ta Morwoke” titu) , bukuy murux piya hngjwasan ka Morwoke do, ida meysa mabang egu na dxgal.
Plealay han o, ida ini sruwa ka Sutan. Paru lnglungan Al-Fassi o hngkawas 1960 siida, ida mnangal knkuh duma seejiq, bitaq hngkawas 1969, manu ka Morwoke na wada murux nanaq hngkawas1960 na Mawritaniya Cngcyueyn. Mniq mspais hngkwasan o Mawritaniya ga ida kmttu msaang Morwoke tneumal smiisug mrmux, mrmux dxgal klwaan; manu ka kska na hngkawas 1970 o, gaga mtjiyan gqian hidaw Sahara duri.
Ana nanaq mkray rmngaw saw gqian hidaw Sahara ni daya niya Sipanya Feyti: Tasyow ni Meyririya o dxgal niya, kiya ka kiya ni dxgal Ta Morwoke ga bukuy hngkawas 1960 do ida wada laxan pusu Morwoke da. Mririh Sarawey Arapo mincu Kunghekwo(gqian hidaw Sahara) na Porisariawcnseyn o wada mangal tleengan Feymung.