The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mix... more The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mixing angle ∥ Uτ4 ∥ 2=0.042-0.10 is postulated from the present data on the lifetime and the leptonic branching ratios of the τ -. The fast decay of a heavy ν 4 makes it undetectable in present experiments, while the future detection at Z 0 factories is shown to be very promising, provided mν4 ⩽46 GeV. The contributions of this massive ν 4 and other fourth family fermions to the total decay widths of Z 0 and W ± are considered. If the 90% CL of the present UA2's data on λ z/λ w is valid, either the t-quark or ν 4 or both should be seen ( mt⩽76 GeV or mν4 ⩽46 GeV in the near future. Neutrino counting via e +e - →γν overlineν is predicted to yield Nν=3. The mass of the fourth family charged lepton is predicted to be mL⩽43 GeV if the prototype relation between the mixing angle and the mass eigenvalues is valid. The present UA1's bound on mL, mL⩾41 GeV, is shown to be invalid, while the correct lower bound is the 25 GeV of TRISTAN, implying the likely possibility of detecting the fourth charged lepton L ± in the present and forthcoming e+e- colliders. These predictions can be tested in the near future at the Z 0 factories at SLC and LEP.
ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to r... more ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to represent one of the main geographical manifestations of the so‐called second industrial divide between Fordist mass production and flexible specialisation. Yet the idea has received limited critical attention since acquiring its elevated status. It deserves to do so, because it involves confusing a localised model of economic development with the economic character of a larger geographic region. Examining province level export data for the years 1985, 1991, 1995 and 1999 for both total exports and two key sectors using exploratory spatial data analysis, provincial rankings and LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) suggests that the export‐based homogeneity and dynamism of the Third Italy can be exaggerated. Italy's urban hierarchy, particularly the centrality of Milan, continues to play a significant role in the Italian economy. Common use of the term ‘Third Italy’ confuses an economic process with a specific geographical configuration.
We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level ... more We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level flavor changing neutral coupling of the standard model Higgs scalar, H0, or the Z0, induced by new physics with a mass scale beyond the standard model. The strengths of the flavor changing couplings of H0 and Z0 are shon to be increasing with the masses of the fermion flavors involved. If the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of H0, the key predictions are D D0-D¯0 mixing of O (10%) of the present experimental upper limit and BR(μ-å e-γ) ≅ (1.1 +/- 0.6) × 10-12, and the mass of the Higgsscalar MH≅(200-300) GeV. In case the observed Bd0 - B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of Z0, the rare decay mode μ-åe-e+e- is predicted to be observable at any time in the near future with the branching ratio in the neighborhood of the present experimental upper limit, while other predictions include: D0-D¯0 mixing of O(1-10)% of the present upper limit, BR(Bs0å μ+μ-X) ≅ (8.5 +/- 4.2) × 10-5, BR(τt-å μ-μ+μ-) ≅ (8.8 +/-4.8) × and the branching ratios for the flavor changing decay modes of Z0, BR(Z0åbs¯ + ss¯) × 107 ≅ (14 +/-7), BR (Z0å tc¯ + ct¯) × 107 +/- (1500 +/- 700)(mt/60 GeV), BR(Z0å b'b¯ +bb¯') × 107 ≅ (4800 +/- 2300)(mb/50 GeV), BR (Z0å μ-τ+ + μ+τ-) × 3.6 +/- 1.8, and BR (Z0å τ' τ¯ + τ¯'τ) × 107 ≅ (1300 +/- 600) (mτ/40 GeV). These flavor changing branching ratios of Z0 can be tested at LEP with 107 Z0's. From the observed strength of Bd0-B¯d0 mixing the scale of new physics can be inferred to be M ≅ 250 GeV.
Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Po... more Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Political factors and circumstances, which arguably affect the distribution of income, may also be related to population health. This paper explores the geographic dimensions of these relationships in an attempt to determine whether or not levels of democracy complement, influence or confound the association between income inequality
We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and ... more We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for electrically forced jets. This problem has technological importance in two different physical limits: for high viscosity fluids, it corresponds to electrospinning-i.e. the production of very thin fibers, and for low viscosity fluids it corresponds to electrosprays--the production of a spray of fine drops. An analysis of the shape and stability of electrically forced jets is presented, based on a simple model systematically derived from the full equations in the limit that the jet has small aspect ratio. The model includes all relevant effects (viscosity, surface tension, inertia, gravity, surface charge advection, bulk conductivity, electric tangential stress, etc.), and its simplicity enables elucidation of the underlying physics. We present quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for the shape and stability of the jets, and the implications for the mechani...
Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shi... more Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shin Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 (806) 742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu ...
30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06), 2006
... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech Un... more ... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 806-742-3527 806-742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edufernando.paniagua@ttu.edu Abstract ...
ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach ... more The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach using isolated stomach epithelium organoid unit from syngeneic adult donors and a biodegradable polymer scaffold in a rat model. Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, a tissue engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach is proposed. Stomach epithelium organoid units were isolated from syngeneic adult rats and seeded onto biodegradable polymers. These constructs were implanted into the omenta of recipient adult rats. All constructs were harvested for histologic and immunohistochemical examination at designated time points. Cyst-like structures were formed that showed the development of vascularized tissue with a neomucosa. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle, gastric mucin, and proton pump indicated the presenc...
Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by v... more Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, we propose a tissue-engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the function of a tissue-engineered stomach as a replacement of the native stomach. Tissue-engineered stomachs were formed in recipient rats from stomach epithelium organoid units isolated from neonatal donor rats. After 12 weeks, the animals underwent a second operation for replacement of the native stomachs. Tissue-engineered stomachs were successfully used as a substitute of the native stomach in a rat model. An upper gastrointestinal tract study revealed no evidence of bowel stenosis or obstruction at both anastomosis sites. Histologically, the tissue-engineered stomachs had well-developed vascularized tissue with a neomucosa continuously lining the lumen and stratified smooth muscle layers. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle showed that the smooth muscle layers were arranged in a regular fashion. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface topography of the tissue-engineered stomachs resembled that of native stomachs. It has been demonstrated that a tissue-engineered stomach can replace a native stomach in a rat model. Replacement of the native stomach by a tissue-engineered stomach had beneficial effects on the formation of neomucosa and smooth muscle layers in the tissue-engineered stomach.
The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a ... more The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a novel nanofibrous scaffold in a rat model. A highly porous, degradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with an extracellular matrix-like topography was produced by electrostatic fiber spinning. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of neonatal rats were cultured, expanded, and seeded on the scaffolds. The cell-polymer constructs were cultured with osteogenic supplements in a rotating bioreactor for 4 weeks, and subsequently implanted in the omenta of rats for 4 weeks. The constructs were explanted and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. The constructs maintained the size and shape of the original scaffolds. Morphologically, the constructs were rigid and had a bone-like appearance. Cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation were observed throughout the constructs. In addition, mineralization and type I collagen were also detected. This study establishes the ability to develop bone grafts on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in a well-vascularized site using MSCs.
Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering resear... more Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering research has focused primarily on bone formation from osteoblasts. This study demonstrates that osteoclastogenesis can occur on a mineralized polymer scaffold. Porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) and hematopoietic cells were isolated from the bone marrow of Yucatan minipigs (n = 3) and cultured separately. pMSCs were differentiated into osteoblasts, seeded on porous poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams, and cultured in a rotating oxygen-permeable bioreactor system. Once the cell-polymer constructs had started to mineralize, the hematopoietic cells were added and cocultured to include osteoclastogenesis. The cultured constructs were evaluated by histochemical and microscopic examination. Our results show that osteoblasts and osteoclasts were successfully differentiated from bone marrow on the scaffolds. This is the first demonstration of osteoclast formation on mineralized polymer surfaces.
The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mix... more The existence of the fourth family heavy unstable neutrino ν 4 with mν4 > mτ and the dominant mixing angle ∥ Uτ4 ∥ 2=0.042-0.10 is postulated from the present data on the lifetime and the leptonic branching ratios of the τ -. The fast decay of a heavy ν 4 makes it undetectable in present experiments, while the future detection at Z 0 factories is shown to be very promising, provided mν4 ⩽46 GeV. The contributions of this massive ν 4 and other fourth family fermions to the total decay widths of Z 0 and W ± are considered. If the 90% CL of the present UA2's data on λ z/λ w is valid, either the t-quark or ν 4 or both should be seen ( mt⩽76 GeV or mν4 ⩽46 GeV in the near future. Neutrino counting via e +e - →γν overlineν is predicted to yield Nν=3. The mass of the fourth family charged lepton is predicted to be mL⩽43 GeV if the prototype relation between the mixing angle and the mass eigenvalues is valid. The present UA1's bound on mL, mL⩾41 GeV, is shown to be invalid, while the correct lower bound is the 25 GeV of TRISTAN, implying the likely possibility of detecting the fourth charged lepton L ± in the present and forthcoming e+e- colliders. These predictions can be tested in the near future at the Z 0 factories at SLC and LEP.
ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to r... more ABSTRACT The idea of the Third Italy has achieved an iconic status in geography. It has come to represent one of the main geographical manifestations of the so‐called second industrial divide between Fordist mass production and flexible specialisation. Yet the idea has received limited critical attention since acquiring its elevated status. It deserves to do so, because it involves confusing a localised model of economic development with the economic character of a larger geographic region. Examining province level export data for the years 1985, 1991, 1995 and 1999 for both total exports and two key sectors using exploratory spatial data analysis, provincial rankings and LISAs (local indicators of spatial association) suggests that the export‐based homogeneity and dynamism of the Third Italy can be exaggerated. Italy's urban hierarchy, particularly the centrality of Milan, continues to play a significant role in the Italian economy. Common use of the term ‘Third Italy’ confuses an economic process with a specific geographical configuration.
We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level ... more We propose that the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing reported by ARGUS and CLEO is due to the tree-level flavor changing neutral coupling of the standard model Higgs scalar, H0, or the Z0, induced by new physics with a mass scale beyond the standard model. The strengths of the flavor changing couplings of H0 and Z0 are shon to be increasing with the masses of the fermion flavors involved. If the observed Bd0-B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of H0, the key predictions are D D0-D¯0 mixing of O (10%) of the present experimental upper limit and BR(μ-å e-γ) ≅ (1.1 +/- 0.6) × 10-12, and the mass of the Higgsscalar MH≅(200-300) GeV. In case the observed Bd0 - B¯d0 mixing is due to the flavor changing coupling of Z0, the rare decay mode μ-åe-e+e- is predicted to be observable at any time in the near future with the branching ratio in the neighborhood of the present experimental upper limit, while other predictions include: D0-D¯0 mixing of O(1-10)% of the present upper limit, BR(Bs0å μ+μ-X) ≅ (8.5 +/- 4.2) × 10-5, BR(τt-å μ-μ+μ-) ≅ (8.8 +/-4.8) × and the branching ratios for the flavor changing decay modes of Z0, BR(Z0åbs¯ + ss¯) × 107 ≅ (14 +/-7), BR (Z0å tc¯ + ct¯) × 107 +/- (1500 +/- 700)(mt/60 GeV), BR(Z0å b'b¯ +bb¯') × 107 ≅ (4800 +/- 2300)(mb/50 GeV), BR (Z0å μ-τ+ + μ+τ-) × 3.6 +/- 1.8, and BR (Z0å τ' τ¯ + τ¯'τ) × 107 ≅ (1300 +/- 600) (mτ/40 GeV). These flavor changing branching ratios of Z0 can be tested at LEP with 107 Z0's. From the observed strength of Bd0-B¯d0 mixing the scale of new physics can be inferred to be M ≅ 250 GeV.
Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Po... more Throughout the world there exists a notable relationship between income inequality and health. Political factors and circumstances, which arguably affect the distribution of income, may also be related to population health. This paper explores the geographic dimensions of these relationships in an attempt to determine whether or not levels of democracy complement, influence or confound the association between income inequality
We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and ... more We describe our ongoing research aimed at developing quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for electrically forced jets. This problem has technological importance in two different physical limits: for high viscosity fluids, it corresponds to electrospinning-i.e. the production of very thin fibers, and for low viscosity fluids it corresponds to electrosprays--the production of a spray of fine drops. An analysis of the shape and stability of electrically forced jets is presented, based on a simple model systematically derived from the full equations in the limit that the jet has small aspect ratio. The model includes all relevant effects (viscosity, surface tension, inertia, gravity, surface charge advection, bulk conductivity, electric tangential stress, etc.), and its simplicity enables elucidation of the underlying physics. We present quantitative comparisons between theory and experiment for the shape and stability of the jets, and the implications for the mechani...
Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shi... more Page 1. Connector-Based Self-Healing Mechanism for Components of a Reliable System Michael E. Shin Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 (806) 742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edu ...
30th Annual International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC'06), 2006
... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech Un... more ... Fernando Paniagua Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 Lubbock, TX 79409-3104 806-742-3527 806-742-3527 Michael.Shin@ttu.edufernando.paniagua@ttu.edu Abstract ...
ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach ... more The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of creating a tissue engineered stomach using isolated stomach epithelium organoid unit from syngeneic adult donors and a biodegradable polymer scaffold in a rat model. Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, a tissue engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach is proposed. Stomach epithelium organoid units were isolated from syngeneic adult rats and seeded onto biodegradable polymers. These constructs were implanted into the omenta of recipient adult rats. All constructs were harvested for histologic and immunohistochemical examination at designated time points. Cyst-like structures were formed that showed the development of vascularized tissue with a neomucosa. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle, gastric mucin, and proton pump indicated the presenc...
Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by v... more Despite recent advances in reconstruction techniques, total gastrectomy is still accompanied by various complications. As an alternative treatment, we propose a tissue-engineered stomach that replaces the mechanical and metabolic functions of a normal stomach. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the function of a tissue-engineered stomach as a replacement of the native stomach. Tissue-engineered stomachs were formed in recipient rats from stomach epithelium organoid units isolated from neonatal donor rats. After 12 weeks, the animals underwent a second operation for replacement of the native stomachs. Tissue-engineered stomachs were successfully used as a substitute of the native stomach in a rat model. An upper gastrointestinal tract study revealed no evidence of bowel stenosis or obstruction at both anastomosis sites. Histologically, the tissue-engineered stomachs had well-developed vascularized tissue with a neomucosa continuously lining the lumen and stratified smooth muscle layers. Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-actin smooth muscle showed that the smooth muscle layers were arranged in a regular fashion. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface topography of the tissue-engineered stomachs resembled that of native stomachs. It has been demonstrated that a tissue-engineered stomach can replace a native stomach in a rat model. Replacement of the native stomach by a tissue-engineered stomach had beneficial effects on the formation of neomucosa and smooth muscle layers in the tissue-engineered stomach.
The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a ... more The objective of this study was to assess bone formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a novel nanofibrous scaffold in a rat model. A highly porous, degradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold with an extracellular matrix-like topography was produced by electrostatic fiber spinning. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of neonatal rats were cultured, expanded, and seeded on the scaffolds. The cell-polymer constructs were cultured with osteogenic supplements in a rotating bioreactor for 4 weeks, and subsequently implanted in the omenta of rats for 4 weeks. The constructs were explanted and characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy. The constructs maintained the size and shape of the original scaffolds. Morphologically, the constructs were rigid and had a bone-like appearance. Cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation were observed throughout the constructs. In addition, mineralization and type I collagen were also detected. This study establishes the ability to develop bone grafts on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in a well-vascularized site using MSCs.
Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering resear... more Bone remodeling plays an important role in bone function. To date, bone tissue-engineering research has focused primarily on bone formation from osteoblasts. This study demonstrates that osteoclastogenesis can occur on a mineralized polymer scaffold. Porcine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) and hematopoietic cells were isolated from the bone marrow of Yucatan minipigs (n = 3) and cultured separately. pMSCs were differentiated into osteoblasts, seeded on porous poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams, and cultured in a rotating oxygen-permeable bioreactor system. Once the cell-polymer constructs had started to mineralize, the hematopoietic cells were added and cocultured to include osteoclastogenesis. The cultured constructs were evaluated by histochemical and microscopic examination. Our results show that osteoblasts and osteoclasts were successfully differentiated from bone marrow on the scaffolds. This is the first demonstration of osteoclast formation on mineralized polymer surfaces.
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