Ratih Probosiwi

To deal with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian government, including the Ministry of Social Affairs, has issued various social protection policies, including for persons with disabilities. In fact, people with disabilities still experience difficulties in accessing the program. This study aims to analyze these policies and the difficulties faced by persons with disabilities. This qualitative descriptive study found that people with disabilities had difficulty surviving during the pandemic. They lose their jobs because most of their work requires direct contact with other people. On the other hand, only a part of people with disabilities received social assistance because they were not recorded in the recipients of social assistance. The low ability to communicate risks to persons with disabilities is one of the reasons for the weak data collection of persons with disabilities. This study recommends more intense socialization and advocacy as well as equalizing perce...

Kemiskinan menjadi bahasan utama di negara sedang berkembang termasuk di indonesia. dalam beberapa studi terdahulu menunjukan bahwa pengangguran memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. studi kasus mengambil kota yogyakarta merupakan daerah dengan tingkat pengangguran terbuka paling tinggi di daerah istimewa jogyakarta namun memiliki tingkat kemiskinan paling rendah. tulisan ini mencoba mengungkapan pengaruh tingkat pengangguran dengan kemiskinan di kota yogyakarta melalui data sepuluh tahun terakhir. melalui analisis statistik, hubungan antara pengangguran dan kemiskinan diuji dan dilihat hubunggannya. hasil menunjukan bahwa ternyata pengangguran dan kemiskinan menunjukan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan dengan nilai signifikansi 0.159(lebih besar dari a 0.05) dengan nilai searah. hal ini menunjukan bahwa ternyata tidak ada kaitan langsung antara pengangguran dan kemiskinan di kota yogyakarta yang dapat disebabkan penganggur merupakan kelompok terdidik yang se...

This paper examined the Jogo Tonggo policy issued by the Central Java Provincial Government in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: This research is a qualitative descriptive, data were collected by in-depth interviews with respondents who were selected by snowball sampling. The research was conducted in Purworejo Regency. Result: The Covid-19 pandemic changed the pattern of relations between communities through the local (village) self-contained quarantine that was enforced in villages. Several village-level social activities were canceled to avoid crowds. Jogo tonggo begins with the provision of PPE and disinfectant equipment. Community solidarity with neighbors is established as usual, even better, for example helping neighbors who must self-quarantine. The form of solidarity that is carried out is by taking turns providing foodstuffs for 14 days of quarantine with a varied menu managed by the PKK or Dasawisma group. The community also routinely works together in spray...

Distribution of drugs in Indonesia has reached a very alarming rate. No longer targeted adult users, drugs begin to explore in children, teenagers, and women. The number of drug abusers arrested and sentenced to prison from year to year has increased significantly . Drug abusers are sentenced to prison is not only a dealer or croupier, but also drugs addicts. This certainly needs to be studied more deeply, because addicts are prisoners who need special treatment in order to recover from addiction. The need to recover drugs addicts emerged rehabilitation program that can be done in a medical or non-medical (social) treatments. The rehabilitation program is not free of problems and constraints, ranging from limited budget until the judge verdict that is not in favor of this program. It takes good faith in the implementation of the rehabilitation program of all parties concerned, families, and also communities to ensure the program runs fine and continuous.Keywords: drugs abuse, drugs ...

The number of problems of migrant workers has been bothering public conscience widely, ranging from cases of deportation, persecution, rape, and even death threats to the workers. The Government considered not doing its job in protecting the workers optimally especially in the diplomatic process. The workers do not have bargaining positionsteadilythat weaken them so that arose the case and issues of migrant workers abroad. UU PPTKILN which has been legalized since 2004 was less able to base the protection of migrant workers abroad. This encourages the study of policy analysis to the migrant workers protection and result the idea that the law (UU PPTKILN) should be revised accordance with the Convention on Migrant Workers and regulate the rights and obligations of migrant workers in a comprehensive manner and uphold the dignity of workers. The government firmness needed to regulate and solve these problems not only inside but also outside (the destination countries of migrant workers).

Women are seen as second class citizens. The role of women in development is often questionable as being unfit and incapable. This paper attempts to analyze the gender is not only limited to the role and activities of men and women, but also their relationship. It also examines women in development, the role, position, and also increase its role in development. This paper emphasizes the empowerment of women in development, especially the development of social welfare. Enterprises group considered suitable for women, although potentially reducing the self-power. This paper is literature review through search of data and information from books, scientific articles, journal, gender-related laws, and policies that tie. It's required gender mainstreaming policies and involved women in development. This policy will ensure that women are able to survive and carry out its social function properly. Abstrak Perempuan dipandang sebagai masyarakat kelas dua. Peran perempuan dalam pembanguna...

As the expansion area, Serakapi Village needs to get facilities to support the development as its main area, Saneo Village. Strengthening human resources needed to run the village development programs by local social institutions in an attempt to embody social resilience. Through the Development of Village Social Resilience Model, that has been implemented by the Ministry of Social Affairs, social resilience in Serakapi Village was studied of its supporting and handicap factors. The results showed that the formed forum, namely Sabua Ade, had clear organized and planned in the division of social protection, community participation, social conflict prevention, and local wisdom development. This forum has been running well according to the plan despite one issue, funding problem. It’s recommended that community social resilience model should be aplicated in other regions by respecting the typology and character of the villages.

In every government program implementation, it needs support from three government pillars namely the government itself, the private sector and civil society. Civil society organizations or better known as CSOs have a role in the history of Indonesian government. The implementation of the social harmony program as one of the government programs to prevent and create harmony and harmonization of the community also needs to be supported by CSOs with all their roles. This study aims to examine the role of CSOs in creating social harmony through the social harmony program launched by the Ministry of Social Affairs. Data is obtained through literature testing, in-depth interviews, as well as field tests or observations. The results of the study show that CSOs still have very little role in implementing social harmony programs. The social harmony forum as the main implementer of the program lacked a portion of involvement in civil society and its organizations to participate in the implem...

In disaster risk management, government plays important role as decision maker on disaster risk reduction policies. The cap ability of local governments to manage disaster risk starting from the early stages before the disaster occurs until disaster occurs by reconstruction plans . Pacitan government has an important responsibility considering Pacitan coastal is prone to tsunami . Through structured interviews and focus group discussion (FGD) to the authorities agencies, the study found that the government has tried to reduce the risk of a tsunami through the emergency policy, early warning systems, and resource mobilization. Although historically, Pacitan tsunami had never experienced tsunami directly, but the local government has done a good preparation in the face of the tsunami in terms of both physical and non-physical efforts .

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran perubahan paradigma pembangunan berkelanjutan dan peluang serta kewajiban desa dalam inklusi sosial. Tulisan ini juga diharapkan mampu mengembangkan diskursus tentang desa inklusi, layanan ramah penyandang disabilitas di tingkat desa pada tataran teoritis. Tulisan disusun melalui kajian beberapa literatur terkait konsep dan pentingnya inklusi sosial di tingkat desa dan dianalisis sesuai kepentingan penyandang disabilitas. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa inisiatif untuk membentuk desa inklusi telah muncul di beberapa wilayah yang didorong dari kesadaran untuk meningkatkan pemenuhan hak penyandang disabilitas terutama pelibatan penyandang disabilitas dalam proses pembangunan. Desa inklusi yang dimaksud bukanlah berarti desa yang khusus bagi penyandang disabilitas, melainkan desa yang memberikan layanan ramah bagi penyandang disabilitas. Selain itu, desa inklusi juga dimaknai sebagai desa yang menerima perbedaan secara positif dan mendoron...

Pemberlakuan otonomi daerah yang diharapkan mampu memperbaiki dan menjawab tuntutan masyarakat ternyata tidak mampu menjamin partisipasi lokal, bahkan banyak kelompok yang kehilangan ruang gerak mereka. Desa mulai terusik dengan kebijakan dan peraturan yang dibuat Pemerintah Daerah dengan alasan menegakkan Otonomi Daerah yang pada akhirnya malah mereduksi otonomi desa yang ada. Diperlukan pemimpin yang mampu menguatkan kembali otonomi desa dengan tetap harus menjunjung nilai sosial budaya desa untuk memberdayakan masyarakatnya. Mengambil studi kasus Desa Sumbersari, Purworejo, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kepala desa dalam pembangunan kesejahteraan sosial, khususnya pemberdayaan masyarakat sesuai dengan prinsip otonomi desa. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran kepala desa belum berjalan optimal, terutama dalam membuka partisipasi masyarakat dalam perencanaan dan pembuatan keputusan. Hal ini kemudian berpengaruh pada kualitas kebijakan pembangunan desa. Selain itu, ...

The study aims to determine the application of restorative justice in juvenile criminal after the enactment of the Child Criminal Justice System seen from the aspect of regulation, infrastructure, institutions and human resources from the investigation until the prosecution. The study was conducted in Central Java at the number of cases of violence and sexual crimes against children whether done by adults or children. The primary data obtained by structured interviews through questionnaire and enriched bydeep interviews, observation, focus group discussions and literature review. Research shows that the Central Java is alert and ready to face the change of juvenile criminal justice paradigm from retributive and restitutiveto restorative justice. Some regulations have been made to protect children, especially victims. Law enforcement agencies have also been trying to complete juvenile criminal justice through infrastructures and budgets, although still limited. In practice, limited h...

Persons with disabilities tend to be neglected in disaster risk management. This study aims to assess the preparedness of persons with disabilities in experiencing disasters and their involvement in disaster risk management using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Data and information to measure the preparedness and involvement of persons with disabilities were collected using a questionnaire that was probed by interviews and observations. The study involved 120 respondents consisting of 30 respondents with disabilities for each location. The results showed that persons with disabilities were still not prepared to face disasters. Researchers recommend the active involvement of persons with disabilities in disaster risk management at all phases and a service unit for persons with disabilities in disaster management (ULDPB) in each district/city. Those affirm the commitment of the ULDPB in providing services for them. It is also suggested to build facilities and in...

Poverty is one of main issue in many discussions in developing countries, including Indonesia. In some previous studies showed that unemployment has significant impact on poverty levels. The case study took the city of Yogyakarta as the region with the highest unemployment rate in Yogyakarta Special Territory (YST) but has the lowest levels of poverty. This paper attempts to reveal the influence of unemployment and poverty in Yogyakarta Municipalities via data in the last ten years. Through statistical analysis, the relationship between unemployment and poverty are tested and be seen to do. The results showed that in fact unemployment and poverty showed no significant effect with significant value 0.159 (greater than α 0.05) with directional value. This shows that there is no direct link between unemployment and poverty in the city of Yogyakarta, which can be caused by educated unemployment who are looking for work and are not included in the group of the poor.

Maraknya kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak, khususnya pedofilia telah menyedot perhatian masyarakat yangakhirnya membuat pemerintah menyatakan bahwa pada tahun 2014 merupakan Tahun Darurat Kekerasan Seksualterhadap Anak. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan memberikan gambaran dan juga pemikiran mengenai pedofilia sebagaikekerasan seksual terhadap anak, serta diharapkan mampu menjadi titik tolak pembuatan kebijakan perlindungan anakdari kekerasan seksual. Tulisan ini merupakan studi literatur yang menempatkan pedofilia sebagai masalah serius yangharus segera ditangani oleh seluruh aspek pemerintahan yaitu masyarakat, dunia usaha, dan pemerintah itu sendiri baikitu pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Langkah penyelamatan anak dari kejahatan seksual mulai dari jaminan hukumyang ketat dan tegas sampai dukungan sosial dari masyarakat. Kementerian Sosial RI melalui LKSA berkomitmenmenjadi garda terdepan dalam pencegahan kekerasan dan perlindungan anak. Perlu kerjasama yang simultan danmenyeluruh dari...

Women are seen as second class citizens. The role of women in development is often questionable as being unfit and incapable. This paper attempts to analyze the gender is not only limited to the role and activities of men and women, but also their relationship. It also examines women in development, the role, position, and also increase its role in development. This paper emphasizes the empowerment of women in development, especially the development of social welfare. Enterprises group considered suitable for women, although potentially reducing the self-power. This paper is literature review through search of data and information from books, scientific articles, journal, gender-related laws, and policies that tie. It’s required gender mainstreaming policies and involved women in development. This policy will ensure that women are able to survive and carry out its social function properly.Keywords: Women, Discrimination, Development, and Gender Mainstreaming

CSR menjadi salah satu alternatif pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat. Melalui berbagai program yang ditawarkan perusahaan, masalah sosial masyarakat dapat teratasi terutama peningkatan ekonomi dan masalah pendidikan. CSR telah menjadi cara perusahaan untuk membangun citra positif perusahaan di mata masyarakat dan pemerintah, hal inilah juga yang dilakukan oleh PT HM Sampoerna, Tbk melalui kegiatan Sampoerna untuk Indonesia. Melalui kegiatan CSR, Sampoerna sebagai perusahaan rokok telah mendapat posisi “aman” karena telah membantu masyarakat dalam berbagai bidang dalam peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Di sisi lain, Sampoerna mengalami peningkatan keuntungan dibanding sebelum penerapan CSR. Dengan menjalankan CSR, Sampoerna mampu meningkatkan penerimaan masyarakat sebagai perusahaan rokok di tengah kontroversi rokok. Diharapkan di masa mendatang, Sampoerna mampu mengurangi potensi perokok masa depan.Kata Kunci: CSR - Citra - Kesejahteraan Masyarakat

Women are seen as second class citizens. The role of women in development is often questionable as being unfit and incapable. This paper attempts to analyze the gender is not only limited to the role and activities of men and women, but also their relationship. It also examines women in development, the role, position, and also increase its role in development. This paper emphasizes the empowerment of women in development, especially the development of social welfare. Enterprises group considered suitable for women, although potentially reducing the self-power. This paper is literature review through search of data and information from books, scientific articles, journal, gender-related laws, and policies that tie. It’s required gender mainstreaming policies and involved women in development. This policy will ensure that women are able to survive and carry out its social function properly.Keywords: Women, Discrimination, Development, and Gender Mainstreaming

The process of tsunami risk management through the use of disaster information is the important things to carry out by government of region with high potential tsunami hazard such as urban areas of Pacitan. Assessment of tsunami risk begins from hazard assessment, vulnerability and capacity assessment will provide appropriate information and also support decision making processes in order to reduce risk and loss that might arise when the disaster actually occurs. The policies of tsunami risk reduction could be done by spatial planning policy to regulate and control land usage in The Urban Pacitan. This article describes how the tsunami risk management for spatial planning done by the Pacitan Government.

Women are seen as second class citizens. The role of women in development is often questionable as being unfit and incapable. This paper attempts to analyze the gender is not only limited to the role and activities of men and women, but also their relationship. It also examines women in development, the role, position, and also increase its role in development. This paper emphasizes the empowerment of women in development, especially the development of social welfare. Enterprises group considered suitable for women, although potentially reducing the self-power. This paper is literature review through search of data and information from books, scientific articles, journal, gender-related laws, and policies that tie. It’s required gender mainstreaming policies and involved women in development. This policy will ensure that women are able to survive and carry out its social function properly.Keywords: Women, Discrimination, Development, and Gender Mainstreaming

The number of problems of migrant workers has been bothering public conscience widely, ranging from cases of deportation, persecution, rape, and even death threats to the workers. The Government considered not doing its job in protecting the workers optimally especially in the diplomatic process. The workers do not have bargaining position steadily that weaken them so that arose the case and issues
of migrant workers abroad. UU PPTKILN which has been legalized since 2004 was less able to base the protection of migrant workers abroad. This encourages the study of policy analysis to the migrant workers protection and result the idea that the law (UU PPTKILN) should be revised accordance with the Convention on Migrant Workers and regulate the rights and obligations of migrant workers in a comprehensive manner and uphold the dignity of workers. The government firmness needed to regulate and solve these problems not only inside but also outside (the destination countries of migrant workers).

Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan mengetahui keberfungsian sosial di daerah rawan konflik meliputi status, peran, dan norma sosial. Masyarakat daerah rawan konflik rentan terhadap provokasi karena adanya ketidakpercayaan antar masyarakat yang mampu memicu tersumbatnya pelaksanaan fungsi sosial di masyarakat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Selok Awar-awar, Kecamatan Pasirian, Lumajang dengan melihat adanya konflik sosial akibat penambangan pasir ilegal yang akhirnya memicu kasus Salim Kancil. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Keberfungsian sosial dikupas dalam tiga hal yaitu kemampuan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, menjalankan peran sosial, dan menghadapi goncangan serta tekanan dengan melihat pola relasi sosial masyarakat. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di sekitar wilayah konflik mengalami kesulitan menjalankan fungsi sosial terutama terkait peran yang dijalankan. Secara umum, masyarakat mengalami hambatan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar ekonomi dikarenakan lahan dan mata pencaharian mereka hilang; dalam menjalankan peran sosialnya, masyarakat terbatas oleh intimidasi kelompok pro penambangan pasir ilegal; sedangkan dalam kemampuan menghadapi tekanan masyarakat mampu mengelola konflik tanpa menggunakan kekerasan walaupun memperoleh intimidasi sedemikian rupa. Direkomendasikan untuk mendampingi daerah rawan konflik melalui program pemberdayaan ekonomi yang mampu melaksanakan dua fungsi yaitu sebagai wadah pertemuan warga untuk mengurangi perbedaan pendapat dan sebagai wadah peningkatan pendapatan untuk mengurangi kesenjangan masyarakat. Kata Kunci: konflik, fungsi sosial, relasi sosial, pendampingan, pemberdayaan. Abstract This paper aims to determine social functioning in conflict prone areas including status, role, and social norms. Conflict-prone local communities are vulnerable to provocation because of the mistrust between communities that can trigger the clogging of social function in society. The research was conducted in Selok Awar-awar Village, Pasirian Sub-district, Lumajang Regency by seeing the social conflict caused by illegal sand mining which eventually triggered the case of Salim Kancil. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and literature study. Social functionality is discussed in three ways: the ability to meet basic needs, perform social roles, and face shock and pressure by observe its social relationship. Research shows that communities around the conflict area have difficulty in performing social functions, especially related to the role that is carried out. In general, communities face barriers to meeting basic economic needs due to their lost land and livelihoods; in carrying out its social role, society is limited by intimidation of pro illegal sand mining groups; while in the ability to cope with the pressures of the community are able to manage the conflict without resorting to violence despite intimidation in such a way. It is recommended to assist conflict-prone areas through economic empowerment programs that are capable of implementing two functions, namely as a place for community meetings to reduce disagreements and as a means of increasing revenues to reduce community disparities.

The implementation of regional autonomy that is expected could improve and answer people's demands, cannot ensure local participation, even many groups are losing their space. The village began disturbed by the policies and rules made by the Local Government which reduce the village autonomy. Therefore, it needs leader who can reinforce village autonomy and also still have to uphold the regional social-cultural to empower its people. Taking locus at Sumbersari Village, Purworejo, this study aims to determine the role of village chief in the development of social welfare, especially in community empowerment, in accordance to the village autonomy. The study shown that the roles of village chief has not run optimally, mainly in open public participation in planning and decision making tha affects quality of village policy. In addition, superior government intervention in the rural governance and development decreased quality of village autonomy.

The study aims to determine the application of restorative justice in juvenile criminal after the enactment of the Child Criminal Justice System seen from the aspect of regulation, infrastructure, institutions and human resources from the investigation until the prosecution. The study was conducted in Central Java at the number of cases of violence and sexual crimes against children whether done by adults or children. The primary data obtained by structured interviews through questionnaire and enriched bydeep interviews, observation, focus group discussions and literature review. Research shows that the Central Java is alert and ready to face the change of juvenile criminal justice paradigm from retributive and restitutiveto restorative justice. Some regulations have been made to protect children, especially victims. Law enforcement agencies have also been trying to complete juvenile criminal justice through infrastructures and budgets, although still limited. In practice, limited human resources both in terms of quantity as well as the knowledge and skills of handling ABH become one of the bottlenecks. It is expected that the government is able to increase resources through recruitment and procurement implementing technical training.

This paper is intended to provide an overview of the changing paradigm of sustainable development and health opportunities in social inclusion. This paper is also expected to develop discourse on inclusive villages, village-level friendly services at the theoretical level. The paper was compiled through the study of several literatures related to social concepts and inclusion at the village level and analyzed according to the interests of persons with disabilities. The results of the study indicate that initiatives to build inclusive villages have emerged in some areas more than awareness to improve the fulfillment of the rights of persons with disabilities. Inclusion village which is a special village facility for persons with disabilities, in the village area providing hospitable services for persons with disabilities. In addition, inclusive villages are also interpreted as villages that accept the differences positively and encourage their communities to participate in village development. Village information systems are important in building inclusive villages as the basis for development planning. Commitment and change of way people's perspective on PwDs should also be maintained.

Poverty is one of main issue in many discussions in developing countries, including Indonesia. In some previous studies showed that unemployment has significant impact on poverty levels. The case study took the city of Yogyakarta as the region with the highest unemployment rate in Yogyakarta Special Territory (YST) but has the lowest levels of poverty. This paper attempts to reveal the influence of unemployment and poverty in Yogyakarta Municipalities via data in the last ten years. Through statistical analysis, the relationship between unemployment and poverty are tested and be seen to do. The results showed that in fact unemployment and poverty showed no significant effect with significant value 0.159 (greater than α 0.05) with directional value. This shows that there is no direct link between unemployment and poverty in the city of Yogyakarta, which can be caused by educated unemployment who are looking for work and are not included in the group of the poor.

In disaster risk management, government plays an important role as the maker of disaster risk reduction policies. Urban Pacitan takes as case studies since geographically and historically has quite high potency of tsunami hazard. Due lowlands built as the center of government, making the population is concentrated in this area so Urban Pacitan more risky on the tsunami disaster. The ability of local governments to manage disaster risk becomes important from early stages before disaster to reconstruction stage after the disaster. This paper attempts to uncover the role of local governments in managing risk through policies tsunami emergency response, early warning systems, and the mobilization of resources. Management of tsunami risk information between public perception, government, and private interests will facilitate understanding of decisions based disaster risk. In the end, this paper attempts to provide solutions to gaps and problems that occur in the management of tsunami risk in Pacitan.
Abstrak
Dalam pengelolaan risiko bencana, pemerintah memegang peran penting sebagai pembuat kebijakan pengurangan risiko bencana. Studi kasus mengambil perkotaan Pacitan yang secara geografis dan historis memiliki potensi bahaya tsunami yang cukup tinggi. Dikarenakan daerah dataran dibangun menjadi pusat pemerintahan, menjadikan populasi masyarakat terkonsentrasi di daerah ini sehingga perkotaan Pacitan lebih berisiko atas bencana tsunami. Kemampuan pemerintah lokal dalam mengelola risiko bencana menjadi hal penting dimulai dari tahap awal sebelum bencana hingga rencana rekonstruksi setelah bencana terjadi. Tulisan ini mencoba mengungkap peran pemerintah daerah dalam mengelola risiko tsunami melalui kebijakan tanggap darurat, sistem peringatan dini, dan mobilisasi sumber daya. Pengelolaan informasi risiko tsunami antara persepsi masyarakat, pemerintah, dan kepentingan swasta akan mempermudah pemahaman keputusan yang berdasar risiko bencana. Pada akhirnya, tulisan ini mencoba memberikan solusi atas kesenjangan dan permasalahan yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan risiko tsunami di Pacitan. Kata kunci: Peran pemerintah lokal, Kebijakan dan program pemerintah, Penyadaran masyarakat

The number of problems of migrant workers has been bothering public conscience widely, ranging from cases of deportation, persecution, rape, and even death threats to the workers. The Government considered not doing its job in protecting the workers optimally especially in the diplomatic process. The workers do not have bargaining position steadily that weaken them so that arose the case and issues of migrant workers abroad. UU PPTKILN which has been legalized since 2004 was less able to base the protection of migrant workers abroad. This encourages the study of policy analysis to the migrant workers protection and result the idea that the law (UU PPTKILN) should be revised accordance with the Convention on Migrant Workers and regulate the rights and obligations of migrant workers in a comprehensive manner and uphold the dignity of workers. The government firmness needed to regulate and solve these problems not only inside but also outside (the destination countries of migrant workers).

Persebaran narkoba di Indonesia telah mencapai angka yang sangat memprihatinkan. Tidak lagi mensasar pengguna dewasa, narkoba kini mulai merambah pada anak, remaja, dan wanita dari berbagai kalangan. Jumlah penyalahguna narkoba yang ditangkap dan dihukum penjara dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Penyalahguna narkoba yang dihukum penjara ini tidak hanya pengedar ataupun bandar, namun juga pecandu. Hal ini tentu perlu dikaji lebih dalam, karena pecandu merupakan pesakitan yang membutuhkan perawatan agar pulih dari kecanduannya. Kebutuhan untuk memulihkan pengguna narkoba ini kemudian memunculkan program rehabilitasi narkoba yang dapat dilakukan secara medis ataupun non-medis (sosial). Program rehabilitasi tidak bebas dari masalah dan kendala, mulai dari masalah klise anggaran terbatas sampai pada vonis hakim yang tidak memihak pada program ini. Dibutuhkan iktikad baik dalam pelaksanaan program rehabilitasi dari semua pihak terkait dan juga keluarga serta masyarakat untuk memastikan program ini berjalan dengan baik secara berkelanjutan.

Praktek korupsi telah menjadikan Indonesia terkenal sebagai Negara terkorup se-Asia. Korupsi yang terjadi di Indonesia bahkan telah menjadi sistem dan sulit untuk dihilangkan. Sebagai dampak dari praktek ini, pembangunan di Indonesia tersendat, kesejahteraan masyarakat terancam karena tujuan pembangunan tentu saja tidak tercapai. Tulisan ini mencoba menggambarkan korupsi yang terjadi di Indonesia, memandang korupsi sebagai masalah sosial yang dapat mengganggu pembangunan terutama pembangunan sosial. Adanya bantuan sosial yang digelontorkan pemerintahpun menjadi rawan praktek korupsi, dan disinilah peran Kementerian Sosial ditantang untuk menangani dana bansos secara lebih terpadu dan tepat sasaran. Beberapa pendekatan ditawarkan pula dalam rangka pemberantasan korupsi demi tercapainya kesejahteraan rakyat.