Madalin Matica

Der Panagyurishte-Hort ist einer der bedeutendsten archäologischen Funde im thrakischen
Raum und in der Welt. Dieser 1949 entdeckte Schatz gilt als herausragendes Beispiel
thrakischer Kunst und Handwerkskunst aus der hellenistischen Zeit. Am 8. Dezember 1945
begannen drei Brüder namens Pavel, Petkov und Mikhail Deikov außerhalb der bulgarischen
Stadt Panagyurishte nach Ton zu graben, um Material für die örtliche Ziegelfabrik zu
sammeln.

The Panagyurishte hoard is one of the most outstanding archaeological finds in the Thracian
area and in the world. This treasure, discovered in 1949, is considered an outstanding example
of Thracian art and craftsmanship from the Hellenistic period. On 8 December 1945, three
brothers named Pavel, Petkov and Mikhail Deikov began digging for clay outside the
Bulgarian town of Panagyurishte to collect material for the local brick factory.

Tezaurul de la Panagyurishte reprezintă una dintre cele mai deosebite descoperiri arheologice din zona Traciei și din întreaga lume. Această comoară, descoperită în anul 1949, este considerată un exemplu remarcabil al artei și meșteșugurilor tracilor din perioada elenistică.

Das Thema, von dem dieser Beitrag ausgeht, ist die Unaufrichtigkeit beider Seiten, der katholischen Kirche auf der einen und Kaiser Johannes VIII. der Paläologe auf der anderen Seite, und die geringe Bedeutung von Religion und Theologie in diesem Zusammenhang. Sowohl das Papsttum als auch die Kaiser von Byzanz wollten mit diesem Konzil ihre eigenen politischen, wirtschaftlichen, diplomatischen und militärischen Krisen lösen. Viele Dinge bewegten sie, aber der Wunsch nach der Einheit der Kirchen war einer der letzten.

This commentary starts from the analysis of Tertullian's text in De Praescriptione Haereticorum ("Latin Apologists", PSB volume 3, Publishing House of the Biblical and Mission Institute of the Romanian Orthodox Church, Bucharest - 1981, pages 167-168).

Studion Monastery, or the Monastery of the Scholars, is one of the most famous churches in Constantinople. The monastery is located in the southern part of the city, called Yedikule, near the seashore. The ruins of the monastery can still be seen today a short distance from the Marmara Sea - Propontis, in that region of Constantinople called Psamathia, and today "Koca Mustafa Pasa".
A great confessor of Orthodoxy in the iconoclastic persecutions of the early 9th century, St Theodore the Studite is remembered in the Church primarily as the re-organizer par excellence of monastic life in Byzantium.

What the workers of ancient Egypt created over thousands of years of labour can be seen all over Egypt: huge pyramids, huge blocks moved and worked to create monuments and ensembles of immense historical and artistic value, impetuous obelisks pointing towards the sky, towards the gods, tombs that penetrate deep underground, laborious works that have withstood the flow of the years. All of these immediately make us wonder: who created them? What was the life of these workers who were subject to the almighty pharaohs? What did their daily life look like? What tools did they use? How did they manage to organize themselves to create these monuments? Fortunately we have the village of Deir el Medina which opens a window into the life of Pharaonic Egypt.

Ceea ce au creat muncitorii Egiptului antic, in decursul miilor de ani de munca, se poate observa pe tot cuprinsul Egiptului : imense piramide, blocuri uriașe mutate si prelucrate pentru a crea monumente si ansambluri de imensa valoare istorica si artistica, obeliscuri impetuoase îndreptate spre cer, spre zei, morminte care pătrund adânc sub pământ, lucrări laborioase care au rezistat curgerii anilor. Toate acestea ne fac imediat sa ne întrebam: cine le-a creat? Care a fost viața acestor muncitori supuși atotputernicilor faraoni? Cum arata viața lor cotidiana ? Ce instrumente au folosit ? Cum au reușit sa se organizeze pentru a crea aceste monumente? Din fericire avem satul Deir el Medina care ne deschide o fereastra in viața Egiptului faraonic.

Über die Legionärsbewegung der Zwischenkriegszeit ist viel zu viel und viel zu wenig historisch objektiv geschrieben worden. In der Tat ist das Thema immer noch heikel und zu "aktuell", um zu versuchen, der Öffentlichkeit die historische Wahrheit zu vermitteln. Es gilt jedoch, diese Zeit zu studieren, um ihr ihre wahre Dimension zu verleihen, wobei die Wahrheit beide Extreme auslöscht. Ich habe dieses Thema gewählt, weil die Auswirkungen der Ermordung von Hauptmann Corneliu Zelea Codreanu anscheinend nicht ausreichend untersucht oder mit der darauf folgenden Krise in Verbindung gebracht werden. Die Aufgabe des Historikers besteht darin, den logischen Ablauf der Ereignisse zu verfolgen und ihre Ursachen zu ermitteln.

Too much has been written about the Legionary Movement in the interwar period and far too little in terms of historical objectivity. In fact, the subject is still delicate and too "up-todate" to attempt to restore historical truth to the public. But what needs to be done is to study the period in order to give it its true dimension, the truth succeeding in annihilating both extremes. I have chosen this topic because the effects of the assassination of Captain Corneliu Zelea Codreanu do not seem to be sufficiently studied or correlated with the ensuing crisis. The historian's role is to follow the logical thread of events and determine their causes.

Despre Mișcarea Legionară in perioada interbelică s-a scris prea mult si mult prea puțin din punct de vedere al obiectivității istorice. De altfel subiectul este încă delicat si prea "actualizat" pentru a se putea încerca o restabilire a adevărului istoric in fata publicului. Ceea ce însă trebuie realizat este studiul acelei perioade pentru a-i da dimensiunea reală, adevărul reușind să anihileze ambele extreme. Am ales acest subiect deoarece efectele asasinării Căpitanului Corneliu Zelea Codreanu nu par a fi îndeajuns studiate sau coroborate cu criza ce va urma. Rolul istoricului este sa urmărească firul logic al evenimentelor si sa determine cauzele acestora.

Steel engravings -- Italy -- 19th century
Architecture -- Turkey -- Istanbul -- Pictorial works -Ottoman History - Istanbul (Turkey) -Pictorial works
Social life and customs -- 19th century

Engravings by C. Bertrand paintings by Jean Brindesi photographs by James Robertson. 28 plates facsimile of the original edition of the 1870. Little is known on the life of Italian painter Giovanni Brindesi (1826-1888). It has been established that he started his career as a watercolour painter, was left-handed, and lived in Istanbul during the reign of Abdul Mecit (1831-1861). His main work consisted in depicting scenes of the public, private and military life of the city. His workshop was at Pera neighbourhood and his tomb is located at the Catholic cemetery of Feriköy district. His paintings were lithographed by Lemercier publishing house in Paris, and published in two Albums (1855-1860). The first Album shows a series of costumes, mainly of Ottoman officials, and the second scenes from everyday life in Istanbul. Brindesi's original drawings are kept at the Museum of Topkapi Palace and the University of Istanbul.

Engravings by C. Bertrand after paintings by Jean Brindesi and photographs by James Robertson.
The title leaf includes the tile in French, German and English and a numbered list of plates in French and German; plate captions in German.
Engraved throughout.

Decoration of Moldovan churches
P. Constantinescu-Iasi
University professor
Professor of Christian Art at the Faculty of Theology in Chisinau

Chisinau
Diocesan Printing House "Cartea Romaneasca"
1929

The original in the Matica's private library

Decoratia bisericelor moldovinesti
P. Constantinescu-Iasi
Profesor universitar
Profesor de isotia artei crestine la Facultatea de Teologie din Chisinau

Chisinau
Tipografia Eparhiala "Cartea Romaneasca"
1929
Originalul in biblioteca fam. Matica

Considerații asupra războiului dacic al împăratului Traian. Madalin Matica Premisele războiului dacic al împăratului Traian. Ocupația Balcanilor de către Imperiul Roman a început la sfârșitului secolului III iChr (războaiele illirice) si înaintarea Romei spre Dacia. Un imperiu se menține si prosperă prin cuceriri succesive si împărații Romei au înțeles, din vreme, această necesitate intrinseca existentei unui imperiu. Rare au fost momentele in care Roma să nu se afle in războaie de cucerire. Chiar si un împărat pacifist (Marcus Aurelius) înțelesese obligativitatea expansiunii continue.

The occupation of the Balkans by the Roman Empire began at the end of the 3rd century BC (the Illyrian wars) and the advance of Rome towards Dacia. An empire is maintained and prosperous through successive conquests and the emperors of Rome understood, from time to time, this intrinsic need for the existence of an empire. Rare were the moments when Rome was not in wars of conquest. Even a pacifist emperor (Marcus Aurelius) had understood the obligation of continuous expansion.
From this point of view, it was only a matter of "when" not an "if" to reach the open war in the Roman Empire and Dacia. From the years 148-146 BC we see the incorporation of Greece into the Roman Empire. After a period of internal unrest, the next step towards the Dacian wars was the creation of the province of Moesia (6 AD). The existence and organization of the provinces of Upper Moesia and Lower Moesia brings the two powers face to face and war is imminent. Moreover, Rome's actions in preparation for the Dacian war are obvious: building camps, relocating legions, preparing military transport infrastructure, strengthening Danube fleets, strengthening defense / attack systems in the Dobrogea area and a massive fortification of the temporary border given by the Danube line.

El tema del que parte este trabajo es el de la falta de sinceridad de ambas partes, la Iglesia católica por un lado y el emperador Juan VIII el Paleólogo por otro, y la escasa importancia de la religión y la teología en este contexto. Tanto el Papado como los emperadores de Bizancio querían resolver sus propias crisis políticas, económicas, diplomáticas y militares a través de este Concilio. Muchas cosas les animaban, pero el deseo de la unidad de las Iglesias estaba entre las últimas.

Тема, с которой начинается эта статья, - неискренность обеих сторон, католической церкви с одной стороны и императора Иоанна VIII Палеолога с другой, и низкая значимость религии и теологии в этом контексте. И папство, и византийские императоры хотели с помощью этого Собора разрешить свои собственные политические, экономические, дипломатические и военные кризисы. Их побуждало многое, но стремление к единству церквей было одним из последних.

Le thème de départ de cet article est le manque de sincérité des deux parties, l'Église catholique d'une part et l'empereur Jean VIII le Paléologue d'autre part, et le peu d'importance de la religion et de la théologie dans ce contexte. La papauté et les empereurs de Byzance voulaient résoudre leurs propres crises politiques, économiques, diplomatiques et militaires par le biais de ce concile. Beaucoup de choses les animaient, mais le désir de l'unité des Églises était l'un des derniers.

The theme from which this paper starts is that of the insincerity of both sides, the Catholic Church on the one hand and Emperor John VIII the Palaeologus on the other, and the low importance of religion and theology in this context. Both the Papacy and the Emperors of Byzantium wanted to resolve their own political, economic, diplomatic and military crises through this Council. Many things animated them but the desire for the unity of the churches was among the last.

Tema de la care pleacă aceasta lucrare este aceea a nesincerității ambelor părţi, a Bisericii Catolice pe de o parte și a Împăratului Ioan al VIII-lea Paleologul pe de altă parte și importanta scăzută a religiei și teologiei în acest context. Atât papalitatea cât și Împărații Bizanțului au dorit să își rezolve propriile crize politice, economice, diplomatice și militare prin acest Conciliul. Multe lucruri îi animau dar dorința de unirea a bisericilor era printre ultimele.