Isabela Albuquerque

Os estudos sobre rainhas, apesar dos avanços nas duas últimas décadas, ainda são escassos no Brasil, o que se reforça quando se trata de pesquisas que abarcam o período alto medieval. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em discutir e analisar a circulação e conexões entre as princesas do Reino Franco e da Inglaterra, entre os séculos VI-X. Para tanto, abordaremos a partir de fontes narrativas de ambas as regiões delimitadas nesta pesquisa exemplos de princesas oriundas da Francia que migraram para a Inglaterra e princesas inglesas cujo destino foram a Germânia Imperial e a porção Occidentalis. Dessa forma, será abordada de que maneira essas princesas, as quais futuramente desempenharam seu papel como rainhas, após enviadas para essas novas cortes, foram representadas nessa documentação e como suas ações foram descritas pelos cronistas.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar de que maneira grupos de origem escandinava inseriram-se nas dinâmicas de poder local e do reino da Inglaterra no século X. Para tanto, tomaremos como referência duas personagens aparentadas, da região da Danelaw e de descendência escandinava, que ascenderam a posições importantes na
Igreja inglesa: Oda, bispo de Ramsbury e arcebispo de Canterbury e Oswald, bispo de Worcester, arcebispo de York e sobrinho de Oda. Sua participação em charters régios e locais e em círculos próximos à casa de Wessex fornecem-nos bons indícios de como pessoas de família escandinava vinham a integrar-se às lógicas de poder pré-existentes. Levaremos em consideração, ainda, o papel desses clérigos na reforma monástica na ilha e em como a vinculação a monarcas anglo-saxões contribuiu a favor deles.
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The aim of this article is to analyse the ways in which Scandinavian groups become inserted in dynamics of local power and of Kingdom of England in the 10th Century. To do so, it will be taken as references two kin related characters, from Danelaw region and from Scandinavian ancestry, which ascended to important offices in English Church: Oda, bishop of Ramsbury and archbishop of Canterbury and Oswald, bishop of Worcester, archbishop of York and Oda's nephew. Their involvement in royal and local charters and in closer circles to Wessex house provide us supporting evidence of how people from Scandinavian family become inserted in pre-existent dynamics of power. It will be also take into consideration the role played by theses clergy in monastic movement at the island and how the entailment to Anglo-Saxon monarchs contributed in their favour.

The  aim  of  this  paper  is  to  approach  identities  in  Viking  Age  England  during  9th-10th  Centuries  and  how  they  were  represented  in  written  documentary  sourc-es,  focusing  on  the  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle  –compiled  from  late  9th  Century–  and  charters, short legal texts usually written in Latin about land gain and privileges granted by a king to a specific person or a religious house. Based on the terms used in Latin and Old English in the documents, it will be approached how identity words designate English and Scandinavians were constructed. To do so, Alfred’s (871-899), Edward’s  (899-924)  and  Æthelstan’s  (924-939)  reigns  were  selected.  The  choice  of  these monarchs relies on the fact that it is possible to trace a comparative study of how, gradually, appropriation of words concerning to the king’s figure has changed

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir, em função dos recentes debates, as evidências históricas nas fontes documentais medievais referentes ao termo “anglo-saxão” e suas derivações. Com base nos termos utilizados na documentação em inglês antigo e língua latina, abordaremos como os vocábulos identitários foram utilizados para designar os governantes ingleses da ilha e consequentemente a quem eles governavam. Para tanto, será levado em conta, também, os medievalismos e usos do passado a respeito do período chamado de anglo-saxônico, bem como as justificativas por detrás do movimento contemporâneo para abolição do termo

Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar algumas considerações sobre a história comparada enquanto campo historiográfico, desde as contribuições de Marc Bloch na década de vinte do século passado. Ao analisar a trajetória da história comparada, consideramos as vantagens do mé-todo comparativo e a delimitação dos objetos a serem comparados. A partir da década de oitenta do século passado, o comparativismo tradicional que buscava semelhanças e diferenças entre as sociedades dava lugar a uma nova modalidade: as histórias conectadas, que privilegiavam análise dos objetos a partir do intercâmbio e do contato entre as sociedades. A história cruzada representa uma dessas mudanças nos paradigmas sobre o comparativismo histórico. A proposta de Werner e Zimmermann para o cruzamento-de objetos, conceitos, escalas-desafia historiadores a repensar o fazer historiográfico dentro da história comparada, excedendo os antigos limites da disciplina. Abstract: This paper aims to approach some considerations on comparative history as a histori-ographic field, since the contributions of Marc Bloch in the twenties in the past century. By analyzing the path of comparative history, we consider the advantages of comparative method and the delimitation of objects to be compared. Starting from the eighties, the traditional comparativism-which seeks similarities and differences between societies-is replaced by new modality: shared history, which privileges analyzing objects through societies' exchanges and contacts.Entangled history represents one of these changes in historical comparativism paradigms. Werner and Zim-mermann's proposal for entanglement-of objects, concepts, scales-defies historians to rethink their historiographical process inside comparative history, exceeding the old boundaries of the discipline.

The Viking Age England comprehends the period between 793-1066, because of Scandinavian presence in the island, initially by attacks and raids, followed by the occupation of a meridional band, which was at a later time known as Danelaw. Æthelred II’s reign is part of this context and was marked by a new wave of Scandinavian attacks. One of the episodes which deserves our attention is St Brice’s Day Massacre (1005), from which we consider new possibilities of analysis about the relations between Anglo-Saxons and Scandinavians in England.

Despite the references in written documental sources pointed Viking groups as cruel,barbarians and bloodthirsty – characteristics which are highlighted on the media – the relations between them and the Anglo-Saxons were not always marked by conflict. Skillful navigators and traders, their arrival and mainly their settlement in new areas made theirs relations with conquered people reviewed. In specific case of England in 9th-10th centuries, Scandinavian presence in settlements drove to local populations to interact with the invaders, without it representing a hitch to neither of them. We sought to identify how Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian identities were constructed thought interaction between both groups.

Military History has been a historiographic field upon which many researchers dedicated their attention, even though there has been many changes toward the ways in which the objects studied are analyzed. In such a way, by the conceptions of Military History, we seek to discuss the formation of England in its political, territorial and identical definition, from two important battles of medieval times, in our opinion: Battle of Edington (878), struggled against Scandinavians, and the Norman victory in the Battle of Hastings (1066). The importance of these two battles lies in the fact that both of them were fundamental marks in England´s construction: Edington consolidating the power of Weesex and delimiting Danelaw´s region and Hasting, affirming Norman power of William I in England.

This article intends to identify how the presence of the vikings in England occurred from the 9th century. Therefore we will analyze which were the motivations of scandinavians in launching into the seas and to the conquest of new lands inside christian Europe. In order to trace how companionship developed between Anglosaxon inhabitants of the island and the new comers, we will analyze Danelaw as a space of
interaction.

Exile is a frequent theme in medieval English literature. In this literary genre to leave a community not only represented breaking with the social bounds but also the transformation of an ordinary character into a hero. It is the aim of this article to analyze the theme of exile through the figure of Hereward in the twelve-century Gesta Herwardi Saxonis, which context approaches the Norman monarchy establishment in the island.

This paper attempts to discuss the problematic of identity in medieval times, especially in Alfred’s of Wessex England (871-899), during the Scandinavian migrations. The construction of English identity is possible due to two words: Gens Anglorum and Angelcynn, Latin and Old English versions. The narratives used will be The Life of King Alfred and The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.