Przhevalskiana is a Diptera from the Oestridae family; its larvae are a major cause of subcutaneous myiasis in goats in many European and Asian countries. In addition to reducing animal production, the main economic losses due to this... more
Przhevalskiana is a Diptera from the Oestridae family; its larvae are a major cause of subcutaneous myiasis in goats in many European and Asian countries. In addition to reducing animal production, the main economic losses due to this myiasis are perforation of the goats' skin and its subsequent decrease in the value. Involvement of secondary bacterial agents following penetration of larvae into the skin and formation of subcutaneous abscesses that can result in death of the animals has been little investigated. Therefore, a decision was made to assess the necessity of prophylaxis and the adoption of a more specific treatment by isolation and recognition of the bacterial agents and fly species involved in the formation of this type of abscess. Of the 434 inspected goats, 57 goats (13.13%) were infested with larvae of this fly. Additionally, 11 subcutaneous abscesses were diagnosed in infested goats and 22 larvae were isolated from these abscesses. Parasitological studies revealed that 18 larvae belonged to Przhevalskiana crossii (81.81%) and the remaining four larvae belonged to Przhevalskiana silenus (18.18%). Following bacteriological examinations, five species were isolated from the subcutaneous abscesses produced by Przhevalskiana larvae: Staphylococcus epidermidis from six abscesses, Escherichia coli from four abscesses, Staphylococcus aureus from two abscesses, Streptococcus pyogenes from two abscesses, and Klebsiella pneumoniae from one abscess.
Background: Fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is widely used in the treatment of neurological disorders. However, its application carries the risk of adverse reactions, including reproductive toxicities. Grape... more
Background: Fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is widely used in the treatment of neurological disorders. However, its application carries the risk of adverse reactions, including reproductive toxicities. Grape seed is highly regarded for its pharmacological activities, specifically its antioxidant properties. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate whether hydroalcoholic grape seed extract (GSE) could ameliorate FLX-evoked ox-idative injuries in the mouse testis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male mice were categorized into four groups of eight mice each. Two groups received FLX at a dose of 20 mg/kg per day over a period of six weeks by oral gavage. One of these groups received GSE at a dose of 100 mg/kg per day orally along with the FLX. An untreated control group and a GSE-only treated group were also included. Serum and testicular samples were collected 24 hours after the last treatment. Results: Biochemical analyses demonstrated that FLX caused significant decreases in testicular antioxidant capacity and serum testosterone concentrations, as well as lipid peroxidation elevations in testicular tissue. Morphometric and histopathological studies supported the biochemical findings. Concomitant administration of GSE with FLX markedly reduced testicular damage and significantly restored all of the mentioned markers to normal values. Conclusions: The findings suggested that oxidative stress-mediated testicular damage, arising as a result of FLX administration in mice, could be reversed by GSE.
Objective: To determine bilateral effects of unilateral iatrogenic vas deferens trauma (UIT) on epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity in an experimental mouse model. Methods: Experiments were performed on... more
Objective: To determine bilateral effects of unilateral iatrogenic vas deferens trauma (UIT) on epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity in an experimental mouse model. Methods: Experiments were performed on three equal groups each comprising six adult male mice. Following anaesthesia, UIT was induced by clamping left vas deferens with a mosquito clamp in fully locked fashion for 2 minutes in UIT group. Control-sham mice only had exposure of the left vas deferens through a groin incision. Control animals only received ceftriaxone (100 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at the day of experimental UIT induction. Ipsilateral and contralateral epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity were evaluated after 35 days. Results: UIT significantly decreased sperm concentration, motility and viability as well as fertilization, two-cell embryos, blastocysts and hatched blastocysts rates. Moreover, incidence of DNA damage and abnormality in spermatozoa was significantly higher in UIT group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a non-recognized iatrogenic vas deferens trauma may have detrimental effects on spermatozoa leading to infertility.
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is extensively used as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various cancers, as well as an immunosuppressive agent. However, despite its wide spectrum of clinical uses, CP is known to cause several adverse... more
Cyclophosphamide (CP) is extensively used as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of various cancers, as well as an immunosuppressive agent. However, despite its wide spectrum of clinical uses, CP is known to cause several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. Crataegus monogyna is one of the oldest pharmaceutical plants that have been shown to be cytoprotective by scavenging free radicals. The present study was conducted to assess whether Crataegus monogyna fruits aqueous extract with anti-oxidant properties, could serve as a protective agent against reproductive toxicity during CP treatment in a rat model. Male Wistar rats were categorized into four groups. Two groups of rats were administered CP at a dose of 5 mg in 5 ml saline/kg/day for 28 days by oral gavages. One of these groups received Crataegus monogyna aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day orally four hours after cyclophosphamide administration. A vehicle treated control group and a Crataegus monogyna ...
Cyclosporine (Cs), a cyclic undecapeptide with potent immuno suppressive activity, causes several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. This study aims to examine the ability of Crataegus monogyna aqueous fruit extract as an... more
Cyclosporine (Cs), a cyclic undecapeptide with potent immuno suppressive activity, causes several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. This study aims to examine the ability of Crataegus monogyna aqueous fruit extract as an antioxidant to protect against Cs-induced reproductive toxicity. In this experimental study, 32 adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight animals each. Rats in two groups received 40 mg/kg/day Cs for 45 days by oral gavage. In addition, one of the two groups received Crataegus monogyna aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day orally four hours after Cs administration. The remaining two groups consisted of a vehicle treated control (Cont) group and a Crataegus monogyna control (Cr) group. Differences between groups were assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS software package for Windows. Cs treatment caused a signiifcant decrease in sperm count and viability with an increase in DNA damage and protamine deifciency o...
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad spectrum chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several malignancies. The use of DOX in clinical chemotherapy has been restricted due to its diverse toxicities, including reproductive toxicity.... more
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a broad spectrum chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several malignancies. The use of DOX in clinical chemotherapy has been restricted due to its diverse toxicities, including reproductive toxicity. Crataegus monogyna (C. monogyna) is one of the oldest medicinal plants that have been shown to be cytoprotective because of scavenging free radicals. The present study was undertaken to determine whether C. monogyna fruits aqueous extract could serve as a protective agent against reproductive toxicity during DOX treatment in a rat model through antioxidant-mediated mechanisms. Male Wistar rats were allocated to four groups. Two groups of rats were treated with DOX at a dose of 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 (accumulated dose of 20 mg/kg). One of the groups received C. monogyna fruits aqueous extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg per day orally for 28 days along with DOX. A vehicle-treated control group and a C. monogyna control group were ...
Stanozolol (ST) is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid often abused by athletes. An increasing body of evidence points towards the role of ST misuses in the pathogenesis of a wide range of adverse effects including reprotoxicity. The... more
Stanozolol (ST) is a synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroid often abused by athletes. An increasing body of evidence points towards the role of ST misuses in the pathogenesis of a wide range of adverse effects including reprotoxicity. The aim of this study was to analyze the possible reproprotective effect of royal jelly (RJ) as an efficient antioxidant in ST-treated mice. Adult male mice were divided into four groups (n=5). Two groups of mice received ST (4.6 mg/kg/day) via gavage for 35 days. RJ was given orally to one of these groups at the dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight per day synchronously. Untreated control group and RJ-only treated group were also included. Epididymal sperm characteristics and in vitro fertilizing capacity were evaluated after 35 days. ST treatment caused a significant (p<0.05) decrease in sperm count and motility and fertilization rate along with poor blastocyst formation and increased sperm DNA damage. Moreover, the incidence of apoptosis and abnorm...
Introduction: The testicular insult from blunt trauma which is often considered as a sports-related injury can range from contusion to complete rupture. On the other hand, based on previous reports about high incidence of remote... more
Introduction: The testicular insult from blunt trauma which is often considered as a sports-related injury can range from contusion to complete rupture. On the other hand, based on previous reports about high incidence of remote testicular trauma in infertile men, this study was designed to explore the effects of unilateral blunt testicular trauma (UBTT) on the contralateral testis sperm characteristics in mice. Methods: Pre-pubertal male mice aged 20 days were randomized into two equal groups. Following anesthesia with ketamine (5 mg/100 g body weight; IP), abdomens of group I (control) were sham operated without disturbing either testis. In group II (UBTT), the abdomen was opened and the right testis was placed on a sterile firm surface and 5 g sterile weight was dropped on to the testis from a height of 10 cm. Left testis sperm characteristics analysis of all animals was carried out following euthanasia at five weeks postoperatively. Results: UBBT caused a significant decrease in...
