Pathogenic Mechanisms
in HD datasets, each of them shedding particular light on transcriptional codes and network dynamics in HD. We tested for HD
sub-graphs that may be consistently highlighted by several of these
mathematical formalisms and whether this may be linked to specific features of the HD process and translate into a more selective
level of gene prioritisation. We will present data based on integrating two types of HD networks and discuss how network comparison methods may add value to systems modelling in HD.
B48
DNA REPAIR PATHWAYS AS A COMMON GENETIC
MECHANISM MODULATING THE AGE AT ONSET IN
POLYGLUTAMINE DISEASES
¥1,2
Conceição Bettencourt, ¥3Davina Hensman Moss*, ¥3Michael Flower,
Sarah Wiethoff, 5,6Alexis Brice, 7,8Cyril Goizet, 5,9Giovanni Stevanin, 10Georgios Koutsis,
10
Georgia Karadima, 10Marios Panas, 11Petra Yescas-Gómez, 11Lizbeth Esmeralda GarcíaVelázquez, 11María Elisa Alonso-Vilatela, 12,13,14Manuela Lima, 12,13,14Mafalda Raposo,
15
Bryan Traynor, 16Mary Sweeney, 1Nicholas Wood, 1,17Paola Giunti, 5,6Alexandra Durr, for
the French SPATAX network, 18Peter Holmans, 1,16Henry Houlden, §3Sarah J Tabrizi,
§18
Lesley Jones. 1Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University
College London, London , UK; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute
of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; 3Department of Neurodegenerative
Disease, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK; 4Centre for
Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University,
Tübingen, Germany; 5Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC
University Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Paris,
France; 6APHP, Department of Genetics, University Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France;
7
Univ. Bordeaux, Laboratoire Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme, INSERM1211,
Bordeaux, France; 8CHU Pellegrin, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France; 9Ecole
Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; 10Neurogenetics Unit, 1st Department of
Neurology, University of Athens Medical School, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece;
11
Neurogenetics Department. National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, “Manuel
Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City, Mexico; 12Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Ponta Delgada, Portugal; 13Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do
Porto, Porto, Portugal; 14Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), University of Porto,
Porto, Portugal; 15Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Ageing, NIH, Bethesda,
MD, USA; 16Neurogenetics Unit, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery,
University College London Hospitals, London, UK; 17Ataxia Centre, Institute of Neurology,
University College London, London,UK; 18MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and
Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, UK
¥
These authors contributed equally to this work; §These authors supervised this work
¥1,4
10.1136/jnnp-2016-314597.79
Background Over 30 human diseases are caused by expansion of
unstable microsatellite sequences. Nine of these are caused by
expanded CAG tracts encoding polyglutamines in different genes.
This subgroup of diseases, usually referred to as the polyglutamine diseases which include Huntington’s disease (HD), several
spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), and spinal and bulbar muscular
atrophy, are amongst the commonest hereditary neurodegenerative diseases. Longer CAG repeat tracts are associated with earlier
ages at onset (AAO), but this does not account for all the variance, suggesting the existence of additional modifying factors.
DNA repair pathways have been recently associated with the HD
motor AAO in a recent HD GWAS. We therefore aimed to confirm the association between HD motor AAO and DNA repair
pathways; and to investigate whether these modifying effects of
variants in DNA repair genes can be extended to other polyglutamine diseases.
A26
Methods We collected an independent cohort of 1462 subjects
with HD and polyglutamine SCAs, and genotyped SNPs selected
from the most significant hits in the HD study.
Results In an overall analysis of DNA repair pathway, we found
the most significant association with AAO when grouping all polyglutamine diseases (HD+SCAs, p = 1.43 × 10 5). Significant
associations were also found for HD (p = 0.00194), all SCAs (p =
0.00107), SCA2 (p = 0.0035), and SCA6 (p = 0.00162). Testing
individual SNPs, we found significant associations for rs3512 in
FAN1 with HD+SCAs (p = 1.52 × 10 5) and all SCAs (p = 2.22
× 10 4), and rs1805323 in PMS2 with HD+SCAs (p = 3.14 ×
10 5). All these associations follow the same direction as in the
HD GWAS.
Conclusions We show that DNA repair genes significantly modify
the AAO not only in HD, but also in polyglutamine SCAs. This
suggests a common pathogenic mechanism for these diseases,
which could operate through the observed somatic expansion of
repeats. Manipulation of DNA repair pathways may offer novel
therapeutic opportunities in multiple diseases.
B49
GENETIC MODIFIERS OF HUNTINGTON’S DISEASE
PROGRESSION
**1Davina J Hensman Moss*, **2Antonio F Pardiñas, 1Michael Flower, 2James Miller,
Kitty Lo, 4Vincent Plagnol, 2Peter Holmans, 2Lesley Jones, 4Douglas Langbehn, 1Sarah
J Tabrizi. 1UCL Institute of Neurology, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, London,
UK; 2Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK; 3UCL Genetics Institute, Div. of
Biosciences, London, UK; 4University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry and Biostatistics, Iowa, USA
**These authors contributed equally to this work
3
10.1136/jnnp-2016-314597.80
Background Huntington’s disease is caused by a CAG repeat
expansion; ~60% onset variability is accounted for by age and
CAG but studies point to 40% residual heritability. Disease progression offers advantages over age-at-motor onset (AAO) as an
analytical phenotype which include use of multiple variables and
time-points, and less inter-rater subjectivity.
Aims To define accurate stable measures of disease progression in
Huntington’s, and use these to identify genetic modifiers.
Methods The availability of high quality longitudinal and multivariate data in TRACK-HD enabled us to define rate of progression accurately in 218 subjects. These subjects were then
genotyped; imputation then QC generated 9,938,174 variants in
216 subjects. Using mixed-linear models we tested for association
with disease progression. To validate our findings we developed a
cross-sectional measure of disease progression, and used this to
stratify the EHDN REGISTRY cohort. 1,773 subjects with valid
phenotype were genotyped, mixed-linear models were used to
determine association with cross sectional disease progression.
Results We find AAO and progression are correlated, but no evidence of distinct phenotypic clusters: imaging, cognitive, and
quantitative-motor measures progress in parallel. In our TRACKHD analysis we identify one significant association (P = 1.92 ×
10 8) and one association approaching significance in a gene previously implicated in HD mouse and cell studies (P = 5.82 ×
10 8). The TRACK-HD peak in a previously HD-implicated gene
was replicated with P = 1.39 × 10 5 in the REGISTRY analysis.
Furthermore we found an association (P = 2.90 × 10 7) between
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2016;87(Suppl 1):A1–A120