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Abstract
The following paper deals with the relations between Georgia and the North-East
Caucasus after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The study analyzes Georgia's specific
interests towards the North-East Caucasus and the policy towards the region under the
three governments from 1991 to 2012.
The research questions are as following: what was providing conditions for
strengthening or weakening of the North-Eastern Caucasus line in Georgia's foreign
policy and what were Georgiaპs interests towards North-Eastern Caucasus from 1991
to 2012.
The paper reviews the content of the documents reflecting the relations between
Georgia and the North-East Caucasus based on a. content and discourse analysis
method; b. in-depth interviews with leaders and politicians responsible for national
security policy; c. publicly available media content and d. normative acts and
documentations.
The discourse-analysis method is used in order to analyze official positions towards the
Georgian interests in relation to the North Caucasus as well as for interpreting the
official documents. Within the framework of this research in-depth semi-structured
interviews were conducted with politicians, who were participating in framing and
planning Georgiaპs national security policy and policy towards the North Caucasus
from 1991 to 2012.
As a result of the study it was revealed that attempts to increase the political and
cultural weight of Georgia in the North-East Caucasus were serving a number of
regional interests, including the emergence of additional political leveraging on official
Moscow and the neutralizing
the support of North Caucasian peoples towards
separatist regions.
Keywords: North-East Caucasus, Georgia's Interests, North Caucasian Policy.
5
1.
...................................................................................................................... 7
2.
.................................................................. 9
3.
.................................................................................................... 14
4.
....................................................................................... 20
5.
-
(
,
,
) .................. 23
5.1.
............................................................................................................ 23
5.1.1.
........................................................................... 23
5.1.2.
.................. 24
5.1.3.
................. 37
5.2.
............................................................................................................ 39
5.2.1.
............................................................................ 39
5.2.2.
.................. 40
5.2.3.
................ 58
5.3.
........................................................................................................... 59
5.3.1.
............................................................................ 59
5.3.2.
.................. 60
5.3.3.
................ 71
6.
............................................................................................................ 74
7.
............................................................................................................................. 79
8.
..................................................................................................................... 81
6
(
1.
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90-
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-
.
-2
,
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,
.1
.
,
1
.2
,
(
: 2010), 24-45.
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia (up
to 2008)," in The North Caucasus Factor in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict Context, ed. International Alert
(2012), 54-59
2
9
.
.
,
,
.3
"
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XX . 90.
"
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2008
.6
, 2008
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3
4
,
Ibid. 58
(
,
:
, 2006), 49-51
5
,
:
2008-2012
, (2015), http://regional-dialogue.com/wp-
content/uploads/2014/06/chrd-kavkasia-Pr.pdf (26.01.2018).
66
Ivlian Haindrava, The Objectives of Georgia's Policy in the North Caucasus, Russia in Global Afairs N2
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018).
10
ნ
.
,
,
.7
"
:
?",
,
2008
.
.
.8
"2008
.
,
."9
.
1999
,
,
.
,
.
Valery Dzutsati, Georgia Flexes Its Soft Power Muscles in Its Immediate Neighborhood, Eurasia Daily
Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 88 (2012), http://jt.codingheads.com/program/georgia-flexes-its-soft-powermuscles-in-its-immediate-neighborhood-2/ (25.01.2018).
8
Paata Zakareishvili, "The North Caucasus: Bone of Contention or a Basis for Russian–Georgian
Cooperation?", Caucasus Analytical Digest N27 (2011),
http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securitiesstudies/pdfs/CAD-27-8-12.pdf (25.01.2018), 8-12.
9
Ibid. 8.
7
11
,
.10
.
წ
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:
ნ
მз
2008
.
,
.
,
,
.11
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.12
1991
,
10
2012
-
Erekle Mchedlishvili, Georgia and the Caucasus Search for the Principles for the Regional Security
Concept, (Tbilisi: 1999), http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00001386/01/mcarthur.pdf (27.01.2018), 8-9.
11
,წ
:
ნ
ნ
зმ (
,
, 2012).
12
Bruno Coppieters, Conclusions : The Caucasus as a Security Complex In Contested Borders in the
Caucasus, ed. Bruno Coppieters, http://poli.vub.ac.be/publi/ContBorders/eng/contents.htm (27.01.2018).
12
.
,
.
წ
მ
.
,
,
,
:
RQ1:
?
RQ2:
1991
2012
?
:
H1:
-
.
H2:
-
.
13
3.
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მ
2003
ნз
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.13
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(RSCT)
,
.
RSCT-
,
,
13
Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security, (Cambridge
University Press, 2003), 3.
14
,
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Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, Regions and Powers, 44.
15
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.15
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.17
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15
Ibid. 45.
Barry Buzan and Ole Waever, Regions and Powers, 422.
17
Ibid. 423.
16
16
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:
.
19
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йნ20
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,
Bruno Coppietersз მConclusions : The Caucasus as a Security Complexნз
http://poli.vub.ac.be/publi/ContBorders/eng/contents.htm (27.01.2018).
19
,
,
.
18
20
Svante E. Cornell, Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the
Caucasus (UK: Curzon Press, 2001), 383.
17
,
.
,
,
,
,
.21
,
.
,
.
,
:
1.
,
.
,
.
2.
(entangled democracy),
.
3.
,
,
.
Ro ert A. Pape, “oft Bala i g agai st the U ited “tates , International Security, Vol. 30, No. 1 (2005)
https://www.belfercenter.org/sites/default/files/legacy/files/1019-is-30-1_final_02-pape.pdf
(27.01.2018), 15-18.
21
18
,
.
4.
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.22
,
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22
Ro ert A. Pape, “oft Bala i g agai st the U ited “tates , 36-37.
19
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Study
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20
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1992 -
: 1990; 1992-1993 -
; 1992-2003 ; 2003-2012 .
.
(process tracing)
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22
5.
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з
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5.1.
5.1.1.
1988
.
.
,
.
1989
.
. йწ
მй
,
წ9
1990
მ
28
.
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,
.
წ
მй
1991
-
.
.
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.
(
.
).
.
. 1991
23
23
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5.1.2.
,
წ
.
1990
მз
.
.23
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.
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.
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23
зწ
1990
2
, 1989
,
1991
1
зმ
"
. http://www.amsi.ge/istoria/zg/missia.html
(25.01.2017).
24
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18
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(
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25
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26
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N39(59), 27
, 1991 .
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26
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1991
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Kavus Abushov, Poli i g the ear a road: Russia foreig Poli y i the south Cau asus. Australia
Journal of Internation Affais vol. 63, N.2, P192, June 2009.
29
.
.
30 წ
,
,
N35(55), 1991 .
зმ
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28
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28
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.43
,
.
41
.
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.
42
.
.
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)," 55.
43
34
.
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44
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35
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.46
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,
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.
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46
47
Ibid.
Ibid.
36
,
5.1.3.
.
.48
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.
№ 9, 99
.
.
.
.
Ibid.
.
.
37
,
.52
,
.53
,
,
.
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.
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.54 .
.
.
,
,
52
.
.
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)."
54
.
.
53
38
.55
.
.
,
წ
,
.
მй
, .
.56
5.2.
5.2.1.
1992
,
,
(7
). 1992
.
. 1995
.
2003
.
.
. 1992
1925
55
56
.
.
.
.
39
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-
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1998
2001
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1994
,
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3
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.
.
1994
з
. 57
й
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57
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40
1994 .
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1994
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58
Ibid.
მз
59
йწ
მ, N82, 17
1994 .
60
,„
,
,
N139, 9
.„
.
41
1994
199с
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Ibid.
მ
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зწ
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მ , N44, 12
1996 .
42
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1994 .
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1996 .
მз
65
66
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,
მз
მз N163, 13
йმ
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44
1996
199т
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1997 .
45
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46
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й74
зწ
,
მз
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მз N156,
8
1997 .
70
Aslambek Kadiev, Peace initiatives of the government of president Aslan Maskhadov, Central Asian
survey, P. 435 December 2003.
71
.
.
72
მз 2
წ
მз
.წ
69
1997 . http://experti.ge/1997masxadovimgeli.htm
73
წ
:
74
მз
მз N26, 3
йწ
.
1997 .
.
47
й75 წ
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Gail W. Lapidus, Puti ’s War on Terrorism: Lessons From Chechnya, Post-Soviet Affairs, P.47. 2002.
,
,
77
з წ
წ
მ
, 31
1997 .
https://www.matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/1284806
75
76
48
з
78
к
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1997-1998
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й 2000
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78
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https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/1289456
79
,წ
მз 200с . წ
XX . 90-
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.
80
.
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49
მ
1997 .
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8000
1500
1999
82
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
წ
,
მй
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
. 83
81
82
.
.
2008-2012
:
, (2015), http://regional-dialogue.com/wpcontent/uploads/2014/06/chrd-kavkasia-Pr.pdf (26.01.2018).
83
წ
:
მ,
.„
№
, 18
1999 .
,
50
1999
,
.
.
.
.
.
,
, 1997
.84
2002
,
-
,
.
.
10
- წ
მ 85
,
. 2002
зწ
მ
.
10
,
:
წ1й
,
,
84
Liz Fuller, Caucasus: Strategic Cooperation Between Chechnya And Georgia Proves To Have
Limitations, RFE/RL, (October 09, 1999). https://www.rferl.org/a/1092366.html (25 January 2018)
85
,
,
(11
2002 .) https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/1520733.html (25
2018 .)
51
(
)
.
-
,
,
,
,
,
.
მ
მ
2.
ნй
ნ
-
,
,
(
,
-
,
-
,
,
,
. .
,
,
).
3.
.
,
,
.
4.
,
,
,
-
,
.
5.
,
;
,
52
: მ
ნз
მ
ნз
მ
მ
ნз
ნз მ
ნ
. .
,
.86
მКав а
6.
А цен ნ,
,
-
,
,
.
7.
,
მ
ნй
8.
,
;
(
,
,
.
,
,
. .)
;
(
).
9й
მ
ნ
.
10.
,
(
йმ
86
,
, 2002 , http://caucasianhouse.ge/sakartvelos-
kavkasiuri-politika/ 25
2018 .)
53
),
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
. კ წ
მй 87
,
.
.
,
,
.88
1996
,
.
,
,
,
. .89
წ
მ
წ
მ
,
.
წ
მ
,
წ
მ
.
.
87
.
.
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia in Global Afairs N2
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
89
,
.
88
54
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
წ
მ
. კ წ
.
.
მ-
.
.90
.
1
,
,
(
მ
,
), .
.
(1994-1996)
,
.
й
წ
,
, 1994
,
90
,
.
55
,
[
]
.მ91
,
,
,
.92
.
.
,
.
,
.
,
й წ
[...]
[...]
. йმ93
...
.
,
.
,
,
.94
.
.
,
.
91
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)," in The North Caucasus Factor in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict Context, ed. International
Alert (2012)
92
Ibid.
93
,
.
94
Ibid.
95
.
.
56
.95
,
.
,
.96
,
1996
.
.97
. 1996
,
.
,
.98
.
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
96
.
.
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)," in The North Caucasus Factor in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict Context, ed. International
Alert (2012)
98
Erekle M hedlishvili, Georgia a d the Cau asus “ear h for the Pri iples for the Regio al “e urity
Co ept, T ilisi: 999 , http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00001386/01/mcarthur.pdf (27.01.2018),
97
57
.
.
,
.99
.
.
1996
.
.
.
.
.
5.2.3.
.
,
:
.100
,
.
.
.101
,
.
99
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)," in The North Caucasus Factor in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict Context, ed. International
Alert (2012)
100
წ
მз
йწ
მз 1с
1996 .
101
,
.
58
.
,
.
.102
.
.
.103
,
.
წ
,
(
)
მ104
,
.
,
.
,
.105
5.3.
5.3.1.
2003
.
.
2002
.
.
102
,
.
Anchabadze George, "Historical Aspects of the North Caucasus Factor in Relation to Modern Georgia
(up to 2008)," in The North Caucasus Factor in the Georgian-Abkhaz Conflict Context, ed. International
Alert (2012)
104
,
.
105
,
103
59
2003
23
-
წ
მ
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
წ
,
მ
.
-
,
.
5.3.2.
.
2008
,
.
.
.
.
,
.106
106
,
.
60
-
,
,
.
, .
.
, 3+3
,
.107
წ
2008
მ
.
,
-
,
. й
(
წ
2009
წ
მ
)
მ108
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
.109
зწ
107
- 3+3მз
. „24
|№
, 15
2004 .
зწ
108
,3
მз
2009 .
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
109
61
2009
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
.110
,
50
, 35
.
.111
2010
,
წHidden Nationsз Enduring Crimes: The Circassians and the People of the North
Caucasus Between Past and Futureმз
- U.S. Jamestown Foundation
.
.
,
.
,
2014
.112
110
111
(
,
,
, 2016 .) http://regional-dialogue.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/soft-power.pdf (25.01.2018)
,
2008-2012
:
, (2015), http://regional-dialogue.com/wpcontent/uploads/2014/06/chrd-kavkasia-Pr.pdf (26.01.2018).
112
,„
:
,
,
, 2012).
62
2010
,
.
65-
,
წ
.
й წ
მ
,
მ-
.113
.114
,
.115
.
.116
,
.
.
2010
.
.
.117 2011
113
зწ
წ
მз
, 14
2012 . http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/59510-kavkasiuri-stragegia-saqartvelos-rbili-dzala
(25.01.2018)
, Tracey Ger a . ’Good eigh ours or dista t relatives?’ Regio al identity and cooperation in the
“outh Cau asus . Ce tral Asia “urvey vol. , N. , p.146. June 2012.
115
წ
:
მз
GHN, 24
2010 .
114
http://ghn.ge/com/news/view/23035 (25.01.2018)
, 27
2010 .
წ
მз
https://www.amerikiskhma.com/a/article----------------------------/532568.html (25.01.2018)
117
, 14
зწ
წ
მз
116
2012 . http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/59510-kavkasiuri-stragegia-saqartvelos-rbili-dzala
(25.01.2018)
63
,
109.5%-
.118
,
.
,
.
.
,
მ119
2010
.
.
2011
წ
25
მ
წ
-
й წ
მй
მ -
,
,120
BBC.
წ
მ 2011
18
.121
.
118
,
2008-2012
:
, (2015), http://regional-dialogue.com/wpcontent/uploads/2014/06/chrd-kavkasia-Pr.pdf (26.01.2018).
119
Paata Zakareishvili, "The North Caucasus: Bone of Contention or a Basis for Russian–Georgian
Cooperation?", Caucasus Analytical Digest N27 (2011),
http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securitiesstudies/pdfs/CAD-27-8-12.pdf (25.01.2018)
120
зწ
მ
,
, 24
2011 . https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/2285503.html (25.01.2018)
121
18
წ
მз
, 05
2011 .
http://netgazeti.ge/life/10582/ (25.01.2018)
64
წ
,
.მ122
წ
,
მ
,
.123
2011
.
.
,
.
.124
2011
,
-19
.
,
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
,
.125
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
123
Paata Zakareishvili, "The North Caucasus: Bone of Contention or a Basis for Russian–Georgian
Cooperation?", Caucasus Analytical Digest N27 (2011),
http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securitiesstudies/pdfs/CAD-27-8-12.pdf (25.01.2018)
124
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N2
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
125
Valery Dzutsati, Georgiaპs Increasingly Assertive North Caucasus Policy Is Likely to Cause Waves
Across the Region, Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 8 Issue: 99, May 23, 2011,
http://jt.codingheads.com/program/georgias-increasingly-assertive-north-caucasus-policy-is-likely-tocause-waves-across-the-region-2/ (25.01.2018)
122
65
.126
.
,
,
.127
-
. .
-
.
1944
.
.128
,
.
2012
,
წ
მй
.
,
,
,
,
. .
.
126
.
.
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia in Global Afairs N2
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581
(25.01.2018)
128
зწ
წ
მз
, 14
127
2012 . http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/59510-kavkasiuri-stragegia-saqartvelos-rbili-dzala
(25.01.2018)
66
,
,
,
,
.
წ
,
მ
.კწ
йმ -
,
. 129
,
.130
,
,
,
.
2012
,
წ
.
-
,
,
,
йййმ131
,
,
.
.
зწ
129
მ
2012 . https://matsne.gov.ge/ka/document/view/1698588
130
зწ
, 12
წ
მз
, 14
2012 . http://www.tabula.ge/ge/story/59510-kavkasiuri-stragegia-saqartvelos-rbili-dzala
(25.01.2018)
131
зწ
მз
2012 . https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/24486077.html (25.01.2018)
67
, 16
.
,
. .132
,
,
.
,
15 000-
.
.
.133
,
-
2008
.134 2008
.
.135
"
.
"
,
,
136
132
,
.
зწ
133
მз
.წ
მ, 8
2011 .
134
Paata Zakareishvili, "The North Caucasus: Bone of Contention or a Basis for Russian–Georgian
Cooperation?", Caucasus Analytical Digest N27 (2011),
http://www.css.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/gess/cis/center-for-securitiesstudies/pdfs/CAD-27-8-12.pdf (25.01.2018)
135
Valery Dzutsati, Georgia Flexes Its Soft Power Muscles in Its Immediate Neighborhood,
Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 9 Issue: 88, May 9, 2012, http://jt.codingheads.com/program/georgiaflexes-its-soft-power-muscles-in-its-immediate-neighborhood-2/ (25.01.2018)
136
Paul Goble, Georgia Will Not Turn Away from the North Caucasus, Expert Says, Eurasia Daily Monitor
Volume: 10 Issue: 183, October 15, 2013, http://jt.codingheads.com/program/georgia-will-not-turn-awayfrom-the-north-caucasus-expert-says/ (25.01.2018)
68
,
-
,
. .
წ
მ
.137
,
.
.
,
,
.
.
. 138
.
. კ წ
,
,
.
.
,
,
.”
-
.
. 139
137
,
.
Valery Dzutsati, Georgiaპs Increasingly Assertive North Caucasus Policy Is Likely to Cause Waves
Across the Region, Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 8 Issue: 99, May 23 2011,
138
http://jt.codingheads.com/program/georgias-increasingly-assertive-north-caucasus-policy-is-likely-tocause-waves-across-the-region-2/ (25.01.2018)
зწ
139
, 24
მз
2010 . https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/2167528.html (25.01.2018)
69
,
-
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
- წ
,
.
მй140
.
,
.141
,
-
.
წ
მ
,
,
.
,
.
2008
,
. 142
140
,
.
,
.
142
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
141
70
,
.
,
მ-
.143 წ
N1
.
.
,
წ
.
მ
.144
,
წ
.
მз
.
5.3.3.
.
წ
,
,
.
,
,
.” -
143
,
.
Tracey Ger a . ’Good eigh ours or dista t relatives?’ Regio al identity and cooperation in the
“outh Cau asus . Ce tral Asia “urvey vol. , N. , p.146 (June 2012).
144
71
.145
146
.147 კ წ
,
მ-
.
.148
.
,
-
-
.149
.
з წ
.
,
მ150
.
,
,
.
,
145
зწ
2008
მз
, 16
2012 . https://www.radiotavisupleba.ge/a/24486077.html (25.01.2018)
146
;
,
, 28
зწ
მз
2011 , http://iveria.biz/260-ratom-swirdeba-saqartvelos-kavkasiuri-politika.html
(25.01.2018)
148
,
.
149
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
150
,
.
147
72
.
წ
მ:
.151
.
,
(
)
,
.152
.
.153
.
,
,
,
,
. .
. 154
,
,
.
.
,
,
a
priori
151
.155
,„
:
,
,
, 2012).
Ivlia Hai drava, The O je tives of Georgia's Poli y i the North Cau asus, Russia i Glo al Afairs N
(2012), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/number/A-Caucasian-Home-as-Designed-by-Tbilisi-15581 (25.01.2018)
153
,
.
154
Ibid.
155
.
.
152
73
,
,
.
,
.
6.
1991
2012
,
,
.
,
(
,
,
)
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
. 1996
,
-
.
.
2008
74
წ
მ
.
,
.
-
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
.
,
.
- .
,
.
,
-
.
.
.
. й წ
წ
-
,
მ
მ
.
-
75
.
.
. .
.
-
,
.
.
. .
(
)
. .
,
-
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
, .
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
.
,
76
.
:
,
,
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,
:
)
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;
)
:
.
.
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-
:
:
)
-
/
.
;
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.
.
;
77
)
-
.
.
)
(
,
) .
)
-
,
-
.
;
)
.
;
)
,
.
78
7.
.
,
,
-
.
-
.
,
-
,
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
79
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
(
),
.
80
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,
.
: 2010.
й
.
:
, 2006.
N1
:
1.
(1990 კ 1991)
-
2.
(1995 კ2003)
-
3.
з
з
(2000-2012)
4.
;
-
;
;
2003-2009
5.
-
(1990-1991)
84
з
6.
-
;
7.
-
8.
(201т)з
2009-2015
9.
-
85
Giorgi Noniashvili