Birgunj

Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology

Street vending is an important component of the informal economy of a city. It forms the major base of livelihood for a significant proportion of the urban poor. Embedded with the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological realm of urban anthropology and the right to the city, this article assesses vendors’ striving for subsistence livelihoods amidst the increased rigidness of local authorities towards them in Pokhara. Based on qualitative data collected through the ethnographic fieldwork carried out in the market centers of Pokhara Metropolitan City, this article documents the struggle of women street vendors against challenges posed by metropolis authority and their police, customers, and shopkeepers. As captured in stories, they strive against these challenges to support their livelihood. Their ceaseless striving for urban space for undertaking vending practices continues. The tireless engagement of the street vendors in coping with the adversities created by different agencies ...

2017

Street vendors are defined as informal traders who sell their goods or services whether or not it has fixed location for conducting business. They are generally found in most of the cities of poor developing countries. In the Kathmandu valley cities of Nepal, the petty street traders consist of features such as temporary structure, small size, self-employment, low investment, low skills and marginal groups. They are also known as ‘invisible economy’ and contribute largely to the national economy indirectly. The data for this paper were acquired from standard observation protocol sheet, GPS, informal discussions with the vendors based on checklist and available existing documents. This paper explores that ‘convenient’ is one of the most crucial factors to determine the variation in the spatial location pattern of the petty street vendors in the Kathmandu valley cities. GIS and the nearest neighborhood technique were used to identify the spatial pattern of the petty street vendors. Th...

The Journal of Popular Culture, 2009

With increasing urban migration and increasing urban poverty, vending has emerged as one of the critical means of earning a livelihood for the urban poor in Kathmandu valley. Today, vending is an important source of employment for a large number of populations as it requires low skills and small financial inputs. Kathmandu Durbar Square; listed as one of the 7 Cultural World Heritage site by UNESCO, is one of the important historic and tourist destinations in Nepal. This massive complex is home to palaces, temples and courtyards. Historical and religious places where tourists make frequent visits are crowded by vendors. Vendors are serving by providing different kinds of goods and services - from bottled water to drink to handicrafts to the locals, pedestrians and mainly tourists in this area. Tourists are the source of livelihood for these vendors. There is a strong relationship between the number of tourists visiting these places and the livelihood of the venders under consideration. To integrate street vendors meaningfully into urban planning, it is essential to see urban spaces as multifunctional and multi-layered. Spaces are seen in different ways by different people who use the space. This paper seeks to examine how the different users (vendors) of Kathmandu Durbar Square negotiate and emerge with creative solutions to the usage including their strategy to sustain and adopt in the competitive environment as well as the formal and informal management of spaces in presence of Municipal intervention, which is a major challenge that has to be taken up in order to accommodate vendors in urban development. This paper also reveals that the decision of street vendors regarding locations in which they operate is mainly influenced by the attraction of Tourist/customers, and so regardless of the number of times the vendors are evicted from their location by the city authorities, they would still remain on the streets and open spaces.

In Nepal considerable number of people are involved in the informal sector of the economy making street vending as on e of the most practiced occupation in the Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The study aims to assess the general status, livelihood of the street vendors, mainly focusing on Ason, Indrachowk and Khullamunch which are the most crowded market areas in the city. In addition the purpose of this study is to establish vulnerability as one of the major factors influencing livelihood opportunities of the street vendors in Nepal. The study of this research is done in the basis random sampling and snowball sampling method. The data were collected by using structured questionnaire, key informant and focus group discussion which is the method of primary method of data collection followed by secondary method of data collection which included the review of various research papers, books, journals, articles, seminar papers, web browsing etc. Street vending was found to be one of the most vulnerable businesses as according to the findings of this research. Fault-finding policy by the government, competition, hooligan activities, road extension campaign, and pollution threaten street vendors to carry out their daily work. Similarly, natural calamities or natural phenomenon is another major threat which affects street vendor‟s business and health as well. Likewise, a cultural event, local festivals, conflict with other stakeholder and strikes also contributes to make their business more vulnerable. The seasonal change is yet another major challenge of the street vendors as their nature of business depend upon the seasons, which make them shift to different types of vending seasonally. In regards to the policies, plans, programs related to street vendors, government and other concern authorities and agencies were not found to have any clarity upon street vending. In addition to it, the lack of plans and policies regarding the street vending by the government, it made street vending as an insecure occupation. This even shows the ignorance of the state on the informal economy which is rising every day.

Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2018

Cultural and Social History

International Research Journal of management, sociology & humanities , 2018

Dominant trends within the field (a structuralist approach to market spaces in Old Delhi) is the reasons for this fixation-approach to commercial spaces in which modern western intellectuals traditions are largely influenced by the imperative role of capitalism as the dominant mode of production. Identify the gaps in the economic system of Old Delhi highlighting potential contributions in developing an urban landscape & Brief history & approaches to study wholesale marketing. Focus on the complexities & nuances of the wholesale marketing (especially crosseconomic system). History of Modern Katras & the emergence of Business Katras to the extent that it is relevant to Diasporas in wholesale goods. Specific Cases of wholesale goods like-Weddings & Festival items are taken into account. The study also brings light to the congestion problem faced by Business Katras in expanding the business horizons. The street/ lanes and byelanes of the study area are of varying width designed primarily for pedestrian movements and animal driven vehicles but subsequently, the introduction of railway line along with the growth of industries and commerce led to increasing in population and subsequently making the study area the study area the most densely populated in Delhi.

Anthropology of Work Review, 1995