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International Journal of Current Research
Mass moving or capable to move is energy. The very basic fundamental mass is, mass of light photon obtained from Plank's Black Body Radiation Formula E = h.f and the mass energy transformation relation E = mc2. These tiny photonic particles named Dark Photons whirling in space in racing with their anti particles always are in motion. When moving linear at speed c in space, they exhibit as light. They are the building blocks of the universe. They have gravity originally and in motion at speed greater than c in incremental value tending to zero; they exhibit electromagnetic property. When they smash against each other, they glue with each other exhibiting gluonic property. All matter in universe, quark to Black Hole is made up from these basic fundamental particles. The universe itself is born from them. These facts are detailed in this article.
Dark Photons, Ferent Particles FTL The photons mediate electromagnetic interactions between particles in the Standard Model (baryonic matter); in the same way dark radiation, Dark Photons mediate interactions between Dark Matter particles. Dark Photons have zero rest mass. “Ferent equation for Dark Photons energy: E = a × f ” Adrian Ferent Dark Photons are Dark Matter particles. “Dark Photons are Ferent Particles” Adrian Ferent What is Dark Matter in my Gravitation theory? At Ferent wall due to the extraordinarily small scale of the universe at that time, Gravitation was the only physical interaction. At Ferent wall were created Dark Matter and Gravitons. “Black holes are Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent What is Ferent Matter? Ferent Matter is high density Dark Matter: Ferent density ≥ Ferent matter density > Planck density The majority of Ferent Matter is the core of the supermassive black hole, in the center of each galaxy. Ferent Matter plays a central role in galaxy formation and evolution. “The primordial black holes in the early universe are Ferent matter” Adrian Ferent 3. I am the first who explained what Black holes are: Black holes are Ferent matter 4. I am the first who discovered that the majority of dark matter is in the core of the supermassive black holes 5. I am the first who discovered another wall, the Ferent wall, beyond the Planck wall “Dark Matter is in my Gravitation theory, not in Einstein’s gravitation theory, String theory, LQG…” Adrian Ferent This is another proof that my Gravitation theory is right and Einstein’s gravitation theory, String theory, LQG… are wrong theories. I am the first who explained what Black holes are: “Black Holes are Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent Multiple universes: Subuniverses in my Gravitation theory: “Because there are 2 walls, there are 2 subuniverses: Ferent universe and Planck universe” Adrian Ferent Here is the proof that I was the first who explained that Black Holes are Dark Matter: ‘Ferent Matter is Dark Matter’ on YouTube: “The momentum operator for Dark Matter particles:” Adrian Ferent “Total energy operator for Dark Matter particles:” Adrian Ferent “Ferent time-dependent equation for Dark Matter particles:” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Particles are Faster Than Light” Adrian Ferent Conservation of Energy The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system cannot change in time. Planck energy is nature’s maximum allowed matter energy for point-energy (quanta). During the Big Bang this means: “The Ferent energy at Ferent wall, is equal with the Planck energy.” Adrian Ferent From here I calculated the speed of Ferent Particles! The speed of the Ferent Particles: The speed of Ferent Particles vp , where a=a/2π Ferent constant a = 1.590511178×10^(-76) J•s From this equation the speed of Ferent Particle is vp = 1.001762 × 10^17 m/s much faster than the speed of light! This vp = 1.001762 × 10^17m/s is closed to the speed of light squared (3 × 10^8)^2 m/s! “The speed of Dark Photons is vp = 1.001762 × 10^17 m/s” Adrian Ferent You learned from your professors, from your books that nothing can travel faster than light. My Gravitation theory explains: “The Gravitons and the Dark Photons are faster than light” Adrian Ferent “Dark Energy is Gravitons” Adrian Ferent My quantum gravity theory shows that the Gravitons and the Dark Photons are too small to be detected by today’s technology. In my Gravitation theory Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist. “Einstein’s gravitational waves do not exist, how they can detect them?” Adrian Ferent 70. I am the first who discovered Dark Photon energy: E = a × f 71. I am the first who discovered the momentum operator for Dark Matter particles: 72. I am the first who discovered the total energy operator for Dark Matter particles: ” 73. I am the first who discovered the Ferent time-dependent equation for Dark Matter Particles: 74. I am the first who discovered that the Gravitons and the Dark Photons are faster than light. 75. I am the first who explained that Dark Matter is in my Gravitation theory, not in Einstein’s gravitation theory, String theory, LQG… 76. I am the first who explained that the primordial black holes in the early universe are Ferent matter 77. I am the first who explained that the Ferent energy at Ferent wall, is equal with the Planck energy 78. I am the first who calculated the speed of Dark Photons: vp = 1.001762 × 10^17 m/s 79. I am the first who explained that because there are 2 walls, there are 2 subuniverses: Ferent universe and Planck universe
SCIRP-jhepgc, 2021
Vacuum energy density has been defined and mass formation from "space-time" has been viewed from a different perspective. This explanation for vacuum energy is based on "space-time" and conversion of space into time keeping "space-time density" as constant. Equations for "space-time" and mutual conversion of space and time have been derived. As a result, new concept of mass creation has been explained. By postulating that space time density of universe is constant, low and high values of cosmological constant has been shown as the exchange of energy between space, time and matter. The concept has been used to explain dark energy concept of the universe. It concluded a result that velocity of light is changing with the apparent expansion of the universe. The derived equation is possible for experimental verification. Obviously it is a contradiction to Big bang model. So the derived equation with the help of quantum concepts explained the 2.7 K cosmic micro wave background radiation. Theoretical value of Hubble's constant has been proposed which is useful for calculation of experimental results appropriately.
AIP Conference Proceedings, 2008
— The Through a simple model we study the possibility of photon with mass and charge that can produce an attractive or repulsive force at galactic distances. The main source of the dark energy can be provided by the non vanishing photon mass during the period of dark radiation of the Universe. A simple analysis shows that the non vanishing photon mass of the order of 34 10 eV m is consistent with the current observations. For distances separating nearby galaxies dominates the force of Newtonian attraction between photonic masses (Dark Matter). For distant galaxies dominates the repulsive electrical force between photon charges (Dark Energy).
viXra, 2018
It is assumed that the dark matter particle can be a structural unit of cosmological scale (superphoton) emitted by the active center of galaxies, analogous to a photon and ball lightning (macrophoton), which are structural units of micro- and macroscales. The low density, potential and temperature of superphotons make them invisible during astronomical observations, and their negative charge prevents the galaxies from approaching each other that can explain the phenomenon of dark energy. It is shown that the existence of superphotons together with the presence of cosmic rays indicates the conservation of the electric charge as a whole in cosmological scales. It is assumed that the superphoton, like a giant ball lightning with energy of 1.03×1017 J, could collide with the Earth that could explain the Tunguska phenomenon.
Physical Review D, 2009
There are some indications that the IGM does exhibit this behavior at high redshifts. If so, it could be another important piece of evidence in favor of dark photon dark matter heating." [29] Physicists in Italy are about to start up a new experiment designed to hunt for hypothetical particles such as the “dark photon” and carriers of a possible fifth force of nature. [28]
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