"The Battle of Lepanto and Its Impact on Ottoman History and Historiography"

È con vero piacere che la collana della Scuola accoglie, nel suo terzo volume, una miscellanea di scritti che è di fatto un festschrift, una raccolta di saggi in onore di Giulio Mondini, per diversi anni Vicedirettore dell’istituzione al fianco di Vera Comoli, quindi Direttore vicario al momento della sua improvvisa e tragica scomparsa, e quindi Direttore. Da sempre al fianco della Scuola, al cui prestigio ha contribuito anche con la titolarità della UNESCO Chair New paradigms and instruments for the management of Bio-Cultural Landscape, egli rimane, con il suo magistero, un punto di riferimento per la nostra Istituzione ed è quindi con riconoscenza che colleghi, amici, collaboratori, specialisti e dottorandi, tutti assieme, gli dedicano queste pagine di studi, in grande misura con un legame diretto a suoi scritti o a esperienze di lavoro comune. Nonostante l’apparente eterogeneità dei contributi, tra di essi spicca un filo comune, rappresentato dal patrimonio, alle scale più varie, trattato con due linee prevalenti di indirizzo, esplicitate dalle stesse due sezioni del volume: da un lato storia e "mise en valeur" e dall’altra valutazione, ma senza che questa ripartizione sia nulla di più che una struttura di comodo, visto il costante intreccio e richiamo di temi. Al di là dunque della miscellanea, è davvero possibile ravvisare un elemento di continuità e di omogeneità che lega questi studi: è il richiamo – talvolta esplicitato, talaltra sotteso – al valore (nel suo senso più ampio e alto) del patrimonio. Tra storia, memoria, protezione, valutazione ed espedienti per la valorizzazione, il Patrimonio appare a tratti grandioso, in altri contesti più soggiacente, sempre comunque alla ribalta, nella consapevolezza che rappresenti la nostra prima ricchezza.

First attempt at an edition of the Old High German Carmen ad Deum

Cultural and economic relations between Georgia and Iran, according to the archaeological materials, started in the 4th mill. BC. One of the most interesting periods in Georgian-Iranian relations was the Sassanid epoch. In the sites of this period excavated in Georgia, many Sasanian artifacts were discovered. Among them are several bullae. Some of them depict portraits of Iranian shahs, and some are related to the Sasanian royal administration. These bullae, which belong to Shahs or representatives of the royal family, were discovered in the historical Georgian region of Kartli at two sites, namely Dzalisa and Uplistsikhe. Dzalisa Settlement is located in the municipality of Mtskheta in the village of Dzalisi. The settlement, which dates back to the Antique period and Early Middle Ages, was built on both banks of Narekvavi River, 20 kilometers northwest of the city of Mtskheta. The settlement is identified with the town of Dzalisa (Dzalissa) of the Antique period, which is mentioned by the Greek geographer of the 2nd century AD, Claudius Ptolemy (Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαίος 87-165 AD) in his Geography, along with other towns of Iberia.

Considering the increasingly rapid development of Artificial Intelligence technology, its influence on National Defense Capabilities has become evident. In this context, the possibility of using an intelligent system to supply these capabilities is envisaged. With the advancement of technology and artificial intelligence, a relationship was established between the learning system, known as “machine learning”, and the various defense systems such as Intrusion Detection, Recognition and Characteristic Identification Systems. It is important to highlight that the sectors involved in this method constitute part of the national defense policy of their respective countries, reinforcing the relevance of a thorough analysis of their importance on the world stage. In view of this, the present work aims to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the global panorama of systems that use artificial intelligence techniques within the scope of national defense. To this end, the sample space was restricted to the study of the fifteen largest economies of 2022, analyzing scientific articles, reports from specialized institutions and widely disseminated news.

Bacillus subtilis is a beneficial bacterium that supports plant growth and protects it from bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Here using a simplified system of B. subtilis, and Arabidopsis thaliana interactions, we found that history-dependent behavior is a potentially important manifestation of host colonization, worth classifying and quantifying. To study history-dependent adaptation to plant hosts, we develop a simple framework for measuring the physiological memory of B. subtilis following its interaction with Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that A. thaliana secretions reduce the lag time in pre-exposed bacteria compared with unexposed B. subtilis cells, even after their complete removal. Pre-exposed B. subtilis cells colonized plant roots more efficiently than unexposed bacteria, and were more resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors such as salicylic acid, and high salinity. Descendants of bacteria treated with plant secretions had an advantage in the competition agains...