SEPSIS NEONATAL

… of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010

YR Khinchi1, Anit Kumar2, Satish Yadav3 1Associate Professor, 2Second year MD resident, 3Third year MD resident; Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal ... Objective: To study the clinical presentation, ...

Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 2008

IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality and is considered a global public health challenge. The organisms and pathogens most commonly associated with neonatal sepsis vary by country. Pathogens range from Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria to viruses and fungi, with bacteria being the most commonly identified. Bacteria most commonly involved include Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Group B Streptococcus increase, or urine culture is usually delayed for a day or two. A battery of tests, including C-reactive protein, total leukocyte count, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, neutrophil cytoplasmic vacuolization, and polymorphic gastric aspiration cytology, was performed in neonates with a clinical diagnosis of NS. It's an excellent screening test. Keywords: Sepsis, neon...

Journal of pediatrics & neonatology, 2022

Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 2018

Neonatal sepsis is an entity of worldwide concern. It is peculiar in that it is not a circumscribed disease. It is a scourge both in developed and developing countries as it has been recognised as one of the greatest causes of perinatal mortality. In 2005, it was estimated that about 1.6 million neonatal deaths in developing countries were caused by neonatal infections[1]. In these countries, neonatal infections were found to cause 34 out of 1000 deaths compared to 5 out of 1000 neonatal deaths in developed countries[2]. It was found to be the sixth greatest cause of death neonates in the United States in 2011[3]. Among major causes of neonatal death are perinatal asphyxia and prematurity[1]. Despite decades of history on the subject, a definition has yet to be established for neonatal sepsis. Over the years, the definition has included the isolation of a causative microorganism (bacteria, fungi, virus) from clinical samples obtained from the baby. Loosely, it is a term used to designate a systemic condition of bacterial, viral, or fungal (yeast) origin that is associated with haemodynamic changes and other clinical manifestations and results in substantial morbidity and mortality[4]. In 2005, the International Paediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference defined sepsis as a “systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in the presence of or as a result of suspected or proven 5infection.”[5] New born infants are predisposed to infections which lead to sepsis and the reason for this is discernible in the nature of their immune systems. The immune system of the new born is greatly devoid of several components and those which are present are largely underdeveloped[3]. This state leaves them susceptible/vulnerable to infections by a host of organisms which range from viruses, fungi, bacteria et cetera[3].

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Perinatal medicine and neonatology have seen significant advancements in recent decades [...]

Iranian Journal of Neonatology IJN, 2014

Sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal mortality. As per National Neonatal-Perinatal Database (NNPD), 2002-2003, the incidence of neonatal sepsis in India was 30 per 1000 live births. Signs and symptoms of sepsis are nonspecific; therefore empirical antimicrobial therapy is promptly initiated after obtaining appropriate cultures. The early manifestations of neonatal sepsis are vague and ill-defined. Novel approaches in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis include heart rate analysis on ECG, and colorimetric analysis of skin color. Although blood culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sepsis, culture reports are available only after 48-72 hours. In this era of multidrug resistance, it is mandatory to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics to treat non-infected infants. Thus, rapid diagnostic test(s) that include Interleukien-6 (IL-6), neutrophil CD64 index, procalcitonin and nucleated RBC count– and differentiate the infected infants from the non-infected, particularly in t...