In spite of the remarkable success of current preventive efforts, periodontitis remains one of the most prevalent diseases of mankind. The objective of this workshop was to review critical scientific evidence and develop recommendations to improve: i) plaque control at the individual and population level (oral hygiene), ii) control of risk factors, and iii) delivery of preventive professional interventions. Discussions were informed by 4 systematic reviews covering aspects of professional mechanical plaque control, behavioural change interventions to improve self-performed oral hygiene and to control risk factors, and assessment of the risk profile of the individual patient. Recommendations were developed and graded using a modification of the GRADE system using evidence from the systematic reviews and expert opinion. Key messages included: i) an appropriate periodontal diagnosis is needed before submission of individuals to professional preventive measures and determines the select...

Periodontal diseases are prevalent both in developed and developing countries and affect about 20-50% of global population. High prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents, adults, and older individuals makes it a public health concern. Several risk factors such as smoking, poor oral hygiene, diabetes, medication, age, hereditary, and stress are related to periodontal diseases. Robust evidence shows the association of periodontal diseases with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Periodontal disease is likely to cause 19% increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, and this increase in relative risk reaches to 44% among individuals aged 65 years and over. Type 2 diabetic individuals with severe form of periodontal disease have 3.2 times greater mortality risk compared with individuals with no or mild periodontitis. Periodontal therapy has been shown to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic subjects. Periodontitis...

Background: Periodontitisis related with certain systemic conditions as well as with someintra oral local factors including patients’ oral practices and habits. Objective: To identify the different risk factors among the patients having Periodontitis. Methods: A Case control Study was conducted in the rural community in Shirajganj District. Clinically diagnosed patients of periodontitis werebeing considered as study population. Results:All the patients had presented with the dental problem of them patients having periodontitis were identified. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings and periodontitis (case) was considered if periodontal pocket depth index score was 2 – 8, and no periodontitis if score was ‘0 - 1’. A total of 196 respondents (ranging from 6 – 80 years) were randomly selected from the community for interview and investigation for periodontal diseases. Data analysis revealed significant association between the age patients, Diabetes mellitus, betel chewing habit, tooth cleansing methods and devices, presence of tooth pricking habits with the development of periodontitis(p<0.001). Conclusion:Bydeliveringtheproper and timely health related informationand raising the awareness level regarding this detrimental disease the overall health status among the population can be improved.

After other scholars, we examine in this contribution the role of mediation that some Nominales of the fourteenth century have exercised in the remote genesis of the Cartesian Cogito and, more widely, in the reversal of the "beginning" of philosophical thought, that Thomas Aquinas caught in the ens primum cognitum, and that Descartes will move in the «dubito – cogito». In the first part, we examine the epistemological status of the "I think" with four authors: the Franciscan Adam of Wodeham (c. 1298 - 1358), the Dominican William Crathorn (fl. 1330), the Cistercian Jean de Mirecourt (fl. ca. 1345), and Cardinal Pierre d'Ailly (ca. 1351 - 1420). In the second part, we analyze the way in which these theologians dissociate, in human knowledge, the appearance of an object and the ontological consistency of the latter, anticipating the hyperbolic Cartesian doubt, so that the first reality surely known is the act of thinking in itself.

Ma 2024. január 28-a, 5784. svát hónap 18-a van, a Nevek-Memento kiállítás megnyitója. Magyarországon is sokan ismerik azt a szinte szólássá vált rabbinikus bölcsességet, mely Izrael alapító történeti elbeszéléséhez, az évente felidézett egyiptomi kivonuláshoz kapcsolódik: e szerint őseink azért váltattak meg az egyiptomi szolgaságból és válhattak néppé, mert a rabszolgaságban sem változtatták meg a nevüket, a nyelvüket és a ruházatukat. Idézi ezt a mondást önéletrajzában egyik kiállított levelünk írójának apja, Meir Ávrahám is, akit már felnőttként azért rótt meg az apja, mert az üzleti életben a Munk Adolf nevet használta: "Áldott emlékű bölcseink mondották, három dolog érdemében váltattak meg őseink Egyiptomból. És ezek egyike volt, hogy nem változtatták meg nevüket." 1 Nem változtatták meg a nevüket, mely hagyományosan a személynévből és az apai névből áll, a ben / fia összekapcsolásával. Ezek az ősi, bibliai nevek, meg persze azok is, melyek a hosszú történelem során, a különböző diaszpórákban kerültek be a zsidó nevek közé: Hirs, Szender, Lipa, Blume, Golde. A jobb korszakokban roppant flexibilis zsidó hagyomány ezeket a neveket is összekapcsolta az ősi nevekkel-ennek példája kiállításunkban a csévi körülmetélő, móhel jegyzőkönyve, aki a biztonság kedvéért listába szedte az azonosságokat. 2

This is the first comprehensive, interdisciplinary analysis to demonstrate that the representation of Infancy cycles on twelfth-and-thirteenth-century baptismal fonts was primarily a northern predilection in the Latin West directly influenced by the contemporary military campaigns. The Infantia Christi Corpus, a collection of approximately one-hundred-and-fifty fonts, verifies how the Danish and Gotland workshops modified and augmented biblical history to reflect the prevailing crusader ideology and rhetoric that dominated life during the Valdemarian era in the Baltic region. The artisans constructed the pictorial programs according to the readings of the Mass for the feast days in the seasons of Advent, Christmas and Epiphanytide. The political ambitions of the northern leaders and the Church to create a Land of St. Peter in the Baltic region strategically influenced the integration of Holy Land motifs, warrior saints, militia Christi and martyrdom in the Infancy cycles to justify the escalating northern conquests. Neither before nor after, in the history of baptismal fonts, have so many been ornamented with the Infancy cycle in elaborate pictorial programs. A brief revival of elaborate Infancy cycles occurs on the fourteenth and fifteenth century fonts commissioned for sites previously located in the Christian borderlands east of the Elbe River with the rise of the Baltic military orders and the advancement of the Church authority. This extraordinary study integrates theological, liturgical, historical and political developments, broadening our understanding of what constituted northern crusader art in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.