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2022
This memo describes a case study of using modern maps APIs to geocode historical addresses of the victims of political terror of 1930-s in the USSR. Using regular expressions, we assigned a historical district to each address. Afterwards, we used Yandex.Maps Geocoder and searched for each settlement name inside the polygon of the assigned district. If nothing was found inside the district, Geocoder searched inside the whole region. We manually checked the results of this geocoding. As a result, we assigned districts to 90% of all the victims, and geographical coordinates to 80% of all victims.
2007 •
Addresses are the most common georeferencing resource people use to communicate to others a location within a city. Urban GIS applications that receive data directly from citizens, or from legacy information systems, need to be able to quickly and efficiently obtain a spatial location from addresses. In this paper we understand addresses in a broader perspective, in which not only the conventional elements of postal addresses are considered, but other kinds of direct or indirect references to places, such as building names, postal codes, or telephone area codes, which are also valuable as locators to urban places. This broader view on addresses allows us to work with two perspectives. First, in the ontological definition, modeling, and implementation of an addressing database that is flexible enough to accommodate the variety of concepts and address formats used worldwide, along with direct and indirect references to places. Second, in the definition of an indicator that is able to quantify the degree of certainty that could be reached when a user-given, semi-structured address is geocoded into a spatial position, as a function of the type and completeness of the available addressing data and of the geocoding method that has been employed. This indicator, which we call Geocoding Certainty Indicator (GCI), can be used as a threshold, beyond which the geocoded event should be left out of any statistical analysis, or as a weight that allows spatial analysis methods to reduce the influence of events that have been less reliably located. In order to support geocoding activities and the determination of the GCI, we propose a conceptual schema for addressing databases. The schema is flexible enough to accommodate a variety of addressing systems, at various levels of detail, and in different countries. Our intention is to depart from the usual geocoding strategy employed in commercial GIS products, which is usually limited to the average American or British address format. The schema also extends the notion of postal address to something broader, including popular names for places, building names, reference places, and other concepts. This approach extends Simpson’s and Yu’s Comput. Environ. Urban Syst., 27: 283–307, 2003 work on postal codes to records of any kind, including place names and loosely formatted addresses.
2018 •
The latest developments in digital humanities have increasingly enabled the construction of large data sets which can easily be accessed and used. These data sets often contain indirect localisation information, such as historical addresses. Historical geocoding is the process of transforming the indirect localisation information to direct localisation that can be placed on a map, which enables spatial analysis and cross-referencing. Many efficient geocoders exist for current addresses, but they do not deal with temporal information and are usually based on a strict hierarchy (country, city, street, house number, etc.) that is hard, if not impossible, to use with historical data. Indeed, historical data are full of uncertainties (temporal, textual, positional accuracy, confidence in historical sources) that can not be ignored or entirely resolved. We propose an open source, open data, extensible solution for geocoding that is based on gazetteers composed of geohistorical objects ext...
SoftwareX
Historical Geocoding Assistant2021 •
The growing use of geographic information systems (GIS) and geographical analyses in different areasof the digital humanities highlights the need for geocoding, i.e. assigning geographic coordinates torecords in a dataset. Such spatially-referenced datasets are a precondition for any spatial analysis andvisualization. While GIS in general is a dynamically evolving branch of software development, thereis a need for specialized applications which would assist researchers in geocoding datasets in history,archaeology, and the digital humanities. Therefore, we developed the ‘‘Historical Geocoding Assistant’’,an open-source web tool that meets the specific needs of historical research and brings a solution togeocoding historical data in a convenient, fast, and reliable way.
The Digitising Scotland (DS) project aims to digitise the 24 million vital events record images (births, marriages and deaths) for all residents in Scotland since 1855 (ie transcribe them into machine encoded text). This will allow research access to information on individuals and their families for those who have ever lived in Scotland between 1855 to the present day. In this paper we present the methodology for geocoding these 24 million historical addresses in Scotland from 1855 to 1974 by introducing the Historical Address Geocoder – GIS (HAG-GIS) spatial framework and its matching algorithms implemented for the needs of the DS project. The matching processes link the historical addresses to the contemporary addresses by exact and fuzzy matching algorithms. Apart from geocoding the historical addresses, we also produce pseudo registration district boundaries using the pilot historical addresses from death event records in 1950 and 1951.
2004 •
Abstract Many Geographic Information System (GIS) applications require the conversion of an address to geographic coordinates. This process is called geocoding. The traditional geocoding method uses a street vector data source, such as, Tigerlines, to obtain address range and coordinates of the street segment on which the given address is located. Next, an approximation technique is used to estimate the location of the given address using the address range of the selected street segment.
Communications in Computer and Information Science
Outlier Detection Based Accurate Geocoding of Historical AddressesISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
Geocoding Freeform Placenames: An Example of Deciphering the Czech National Immigration Database2021 •
The growth of international migration and its societal and political impacts bring a greater need for accurate data to measure, understand and control migration flows. However, in the Czech immigration database, the birthplaces of immigrants are only kept in freeform text fields, a substantial obstacle to their further processing due to numerous errors in transcription and spelling. This study overcomes this obstacle by deploying a custom geocoding engine based on GeoNames, tailored transcription rules and fuzzy matching in order to achieve good accuracy even for noisy data while not depending on third-party services, resulting in lower costs than the comparable approaches. The results are presented on a subnational level for the immigrants coming to Czechia from the USA, Ukraine, Moldova and Vietnam, revealing important spatial patterns that are invisible on the national level.
2007 •
Abstract: This article presents a survey of the state of the art in geocoding practices through a cross-disciplinary historical review of existing literature. We explore the evolving concept of geocoding and the fundamental components of the process. Frequently encountered sources of error and uncertainty are discussed as well as existing measures used to quantify them. An examination of common pitfalls and persistent challenges in the geocoding process is presented, and the traditional methods for overcoming them are described.
2008 •
The correspondence section is a public forum and, as such, is not peer-reviewed. EHP is not responsible for the accuracy, currency, or reliability of personal opinion expressed herein; it is the sole responsibility of the authors. EHP neither endorses nor disputes their published commentary.
Revista de Estudios Sociales
Historia, cuidados y género: discusiones y agendas futuras para la investigación historiográfica2024 •
A. Rustoiu, M. Egri (eds.), The Archaeology of Communities and Landscapes in the Carpathian Basin
P. C. Ramsl, G. Raab, Sacred spaces and communication lines: Case studies in Eastern Austria and Alpine areas2023 •
GAZDÁLKODÁS: Scientific Journal on Agricultural Economics
Birtokkoncentráció, foglalkoztatás, diverzifikáció és multifunkcionalitás2010 •
Euclidean geometry foundations and logical paradoxes
EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY: PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS AXIOMATIC METHOD George Mpantes www. mpantes. grTradition and Innovation in the Mycenaean Palatial Polities. Veröffentlichungen der Abteilung für Ägäische und Mykenische Forschungen, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse, Denkschriften, 487. Band. Mykenische Studien 34
The Wool Age: Textile Traditions and Textile innovations.2015 •
International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research Volume:05, Issue:09
EFFECTS OF CONTEXT FACTORS ON POST-SUCCESSION PERFORMANCE OF FAMILY BUSINESSES IN NIGERIAJournal of the American College of Cardiology
Corticosteroid Tapering and Discontinuation in a Phase 2 Study of Rilonacept in Recurrent Pericarditis2020 •
Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Photonics, Optics and Laser Technology
Germination Vigour versus Delayed Luminescence of Coffee Seeds - Preliminary Series2014 •
Advances in public policy and administration (APPA) book series
Attributes of an Effective Project Manager2023 •
Archives of Disease in Childhood-fetal and Neonatal Edition
Outcome of newborns with asymptomatic monomorphic ventricular arrhythmia2006 •
2010 •
Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore
The Moon in Lithuanian Folk Tradition2006 •