. In this work the effects of topic use of Brazilian green propolis gel in the contraction of wounds performed in rat's skin was evaluated. In ten female Wistar rats were done four wounds in dorsal region. Two wounds in each rat were treated daily with Brazilian green propolis gel during 10 days. The wounds were photographed daily, and the images were analyzed with ImageJ software, in order to mea-sure wound areas and evaluate wound contraction. In the graphic analysis, treated group and control group had similar behavior, and both evolved for complete closure in 10th experimentation day. The wound clots fell down before in treated wounds. Green propolis in the gel formulation at 5% in topical use had not effect in the process of wound contraction. The macroscopic visualization of the contraction of wounds, by itself, does not seem to be a good indicator of the process of tissue repair.

In this paper, the design of a novel planar narrowband microstrip filter is presented. The structure is designed and manufactured in microstrip technology, and it is formed by set of pairs of resonators of different lengths. The length of one resonator in each pair is adjusted so that a suitable odd resonance is tuned to the center frequency of the filter. The length of the other resonator is adjusted so that the next even resonance is tuned again to the center frequency of the filter. The different path of the signal in each resonator produces a cancellation of energy at a given frequency, therefore implementing a transmission zero in the insertion‐loss response of the filter. First, this paper presents a design example of a single set of resonators (basic unit cell) working at the fifth and sixth resonances. Then, two basic unit cells working at the first and second resonances are first optimized, and then they are cascaded to show how higher‐order filter responses can be implemen...

Against the backdrop of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between the Welsh and Basque Governments in 2018, this article introduces a multiscalar and transdisciplinary social sciences action research framework that emerged from a workshop held in May 2023. The workshop engaged stakeholders from both sides and is part of the broader ongoing project. This project seeks to address the main research question, ‘How do small nations cooperate?’ through the exploration of transregional cooperation and mutual learning between Wales and the Basque Country. The structure of the article is as follows: First, it commences with an introduction defining ‘small nations’, presenting the main research question, articulating two related aims, outlining three primary methodological goals, and providing a broad context for these two small nations within the framework of their MoU. Second, following a brief description of each small nation, the article concurrently develops the action research methodological framework while analyzing findings stemming from workshop discussions between stakeholders of Wales and the Basque Country. They addressed three intertwined territorial scale challenges: Macro, examined through devolution and fiscal federalism perspectives; Meso, explored through social innovations in urban spaces in Cardiff (SPARK) and Bilbao (ASFabrik); and Micro, investigated through grassroots innovations. Finally, the article concludes with an action research and policy agenda. It suggests one operational research question per territorial scale as the conclusion of this article, offering a response to the main research question. The conclusion acknowledges limitations and outlines future research and policy pathways for this ongoing project.

This commemorative publication is intended to honour the ancient historian and strategic scholar Burkhard Meißner. The breadth of content of the 13 academic articles contained in it reflects the diversity of the authors' academic backgrounds and the breadth of the jubilarian's interests as a researcher. About half of the articles are dedicated to ancient topics, especially questions of historiography, as well as political, conflict and military history. The articles deal with Herodotus' view of migration options, with the political activities of the "Platonists" in the fourth century and with the Attalids of Pergamon and their relationship to the Athenian schools of philosophy. This is followed by essays on King Pharasmanes I as Bumberazi in Tacitus, the troop as a substitute family using the example of Claudius Terentianus, an examination of Lucian's Anacharsis and ancient aquatic creatures. In four transepochal reflections, the use of ancient sources in the proseminar on ancient history, the beginnings of universities in Europe and the reception of antiquity in Stefan George's poetry are thematised and ancient and modern counterinsurgency are compared. Two modern contributions deal with the possibility of learning from history and take a look at the British preoccupation with war and strategy. --- The articles are written in German.