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2003 •
2017 •
Cluster development is a conspicuous and common feature in today’s economy. However, this concept is not exactly new and has been the object of attention from a wide variety of management and social scientists for much of this century. In recent years, this phenomenon has attracted renewed interest from academics, practitioners, and the African continent - which have become aware of its central importance in competitive strategy. An understanding of clusters adds an important dimension to the more commonly debated role of personal contact networks in the success of Agricultural. The study adopts a Meta analysis and the use of secondary data. It was concluded that Agriculture in the 21 st century requires an urgent turn around. It was recommended that the government should formulate policies, provide legal framework and create enabling environment to support cluster development. Keywords: Cluster Development, Agricultural Development, Innovation, Government
Clustering is defined as geographic concentration of companies operating in the same sector as well as having a close buyer and seller relationship with other sectors in the region, using common technologies and sharing a specialized workforce pool that will be provide competitive edge. Specialized suppliers, service providers, universities and companies of the related sector such as commercial enterprises form the clusters. Clustering can occur in a region, sector and even in a country. Turkey is a country where agriculture and livestock sectors are important. According to TÜİK (Turkish Statistics Institute) data, approximately 65 % of the population is still employed by this sector. One third of the agricultural activities are based on stockbreeding. Milk yield is one of the prominent items of agricultural products and Turkey is ranked as the world's 15 th country in milk yield. Although 13 million tons of milk produced in a year is not sufficient in terms of Turkey's potential, milk yield has been increasing, developing recently and milk processing has become more sufficient. This study reviews the milk producers located in Çanakkale Region and highlights the clustering characteristics of the sector and establishes the factors having an impact on the clustering. This study examines the clustering status of dairy producers in Çanakkale region and operating in the same sector. As clearly evidenced by the number of producing plants and animals milked as well as the total amount of milk produced, dairy producers located within the territory of Çanakkale are clustered in Biga district. The results clearly confirm that there is a clustering in that region. The number of cooperatives and cooperative partners existing in Biga as well as the total amount milk produced and sold here also support these results.
A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF THE CLUSTER
A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE CONCEPT OF THE CLUSTER2020 •
A cluster is an important way to increase the economic development in a region. The discussion about the most suitable meaning of a cluster is breadth. For this reason, the main aim of this research was to provide a general overview of the concept of the cluster. The methodology is a review of literature of the main theoretical-empirical studies and models and some proposed models as well as its importance as a strategy for regional development and its operation. The main conclusions are that all the theoretical approaches to the concept are relevant and that does not exist a unique approach to define cluster.
Clusters are the concentration of homogeneous enterprises producing similar products or providing identical services along with relevant backward and forward linkage enterprises in a particular geographic location sharing common opportunities and threats. Clusters are mainly two types based of their origin i.e. naturally grown and manmade clusters. Cluster development practitioners, experts, stakeholder organizations introduced a long list of cluster development models for guiding a cluster manager into his / her predetermined goal of cluster development. Notable models are provided by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Cluster Navigator – New Zealand, Cluster Plus – India, TCI Network – USA and European Cluster Observatory etc. None of the above mentioned model is fully implementable in a least developed country like Bangladesh. Bangladesh has limitations in terms of financial ability, technical knowledge, technological and managerial capacity to dedicate resources for cluster development. In Bangladesh enterprises are located at a particular location like cluster; but they do not have interlink either vertically or horizontally with each other. They are not sharing competitive advantages between them rather competing with each other’s. As a result they are not enjoying expected growth by using advantages of a cluster. Therefore authors would like to analyze most of the available cluster development models and offer a new model titled J. M Model for Cluster Development. This model would be pro-poor, flexible and equally effective in any least developed country and developed economies as well. Basically, the model offered here is the result of the experiences of both the authors from needs assessment for cluster development and development initiatives for about thirty heterogeneous clusters located in different districts of Bangladesh. Each of the SME clusters are unique in nature with diverse opportunities and challenges. To address each of the challenge of cluster development the model shall be flexible enough for adopting tailor made intervention as and when required. This model will lead a practitioner into his or her predetermined goal of developing a naturally grown or man-made cluster.
International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories
Clusters Models, Factors and Characteristics2011 •
Abstract: The industrial cluster concept has become a subject of intense research studies and economic analysis starting with the study conducted by Michael E. Porter regarding the competitive advantage of nations. This concept is an economic phenomenon that is placed in a competitive context in which many businesses simultaneously compete and collaborate to gain different economic advantages. The economic advantages of successful real economic clusters has proves an important reason for the increased attention that this ...
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LANGUAGE TEACHING RESEARCH AND LANGUAGE PEDAGOGY. Ellis Rod R.. West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. Pp. xiii + 3872013 •
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