Blowfish

Steganography is the branch of the cryptography in which the data has to be transmitted securely to the receiver end. In the process of steganography different types of steganography approaches has been used so that these can transmit data securely. In this paper image steganography has been performed using multiple least significant bits of the cover image with blow fish encryption algorithm. Blowfish algorithm provides much security to the secret data by converting secret information into cipher text. In this paper image steganography has been used with encryption approach that provides much better results as compare to other approaches.

Over-potential or high Potential tests are frequently applied to machine stator windings to assure that the electrical insulation in windings is fit for service. However, several questions are frequently raised: When should a high Potential test be applied? Which high Potential test should be applied? What should be the high Potential test levels? Does high Potential test damage a good high potential winding? To answer these questions, a comprehensive review of literature was done and industry experts were surveyed for their views and experience under an EPRI sponsored project. The results are summarized in this paper. The questions are answered using the information from the literature review and the survey responses.

Encryption is essential in preventing unauthorized access to sensitive data in light of the growing concerns about data security in cloud computing. Homomorphic encryption promises to enable secure calculations on encrypted data without the need for decryption, particularly for cloud-based operations. To evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of several homomorphic encryption algorithms for safe cloud computing, we compare and contrast them in this research paper. Partially homomorphic encryption (PHE), somewhat homomorphic encryption (SHE), and fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) are the three basic homomorphic encryption subtypes that we examine. The implications of this study can aid cloud service providers and organizations in selecting the most appropriate homomorphic encryption scheme based on their specific security requirements and performance considerations. The research contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance data privacy in cloud computing environments, opening new possibilities for secure data processing in an increasingly connected digital world. The exploration of homomorphic encryption schemes in this study opens new avenues for research and development in the field of cryptographic techniques. As technology continues to evolve, so too must our approaches to safeguarding data. This research serves as a catalyst for further innovations in homomorphic encryption algorithms, enabling even more efficient and robust methods for secure data processing in cloud environments and beyond. The insights derived from this research paper not only empower cloud service providers and organizations to make informed decisions about selecting the most appropriate homomorphic encryption scheme but also contribute to the broader mission of fortifying data privacy and security in cloud computing.

      Information is an essential and valuable object in all systems. The more information you have about your issue, the better you can conform to the world around you. Moreover, information recognizes companies and provides influence that helps one company be more effective than another. So, protecting this information using better security controls and providing a high level of access to authorized parties becomes an urgent need. As a result, many algorithms and encryption techniques have been developed to provide a high level of protection for system information. Therefore, this paper presents an enhancement to the Blowfish algorithm as one of the cryptography techniques. Then it proposes an enhancement for increasing efficiency and secrecy for this algorithm, which are the main criteria for these modifications. In this paper, the main modification made for the Blowfish algorithm is altering the S-box according to the principles of the block cipher (OFB). The results were approv...

Background: The technological revolution has allowed users to exchange data and information in various fields, and this is one of the most prevalent uses of computer technologies. However, in a world where third parties are capable of collecting, stealing, and destroying information without authorization, cryptography remains the primary tool that assists users in keeping their information secure using various techniques. Blowfish is an encryption process that is modest, protected, and proficient, with the size of the message and the key size affecting its performance. Aim: the goal of this study is to design a modified Blowfish algorithm by changing the structure of the F function to encrypt and decrypt video data. After which, the performance of the normal and modified Blowfish algorithm will be obtained in terms of time complexity and the avalanche effect. Methods: To compare the encryption time and security, the modified Blowfish algorithm will use only two S-boxes in the F func...

Confidential data is concealed through encryption, which turns it into an unintelligible format. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of encryption techniques for Image, Video, Audio, and Document Data Types in Java. This study provides an efficiency comparison benchmarking evaluation to analyze three encryption algorithms i.e. Blowfish, Rivest Cipher2, and Triple Data Encryption Standard to choose the best in terms of size and time efficiency. By evaluating the time/size required by the algorithms to encrypt and decrypt the different data types in different data block sizes using an electronic codebook (ECB), benchmarking has been done using Java. In this study, Rivest Cipher2 (RC2) appears to be the best encryption/decryption algorithm in JAVA programming, outperforming the two most popular encryption algorithms, Blowfish, and Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES), in benchmarking comparisons at various settings for each algorithm and different size of data blocks. The key factor that distinguishes RC2 as the best algorithm among the two is that it maintains lowest time efficiency followed by blowfish second 3DES with a slight difference and a difference of fewer milliseconds. 3DES is not a significantly worse algorithm, but it takes longer to complete than the other algorithms. Likewise all the three contender's algorithms RC2, Blowfish and 3DES are very good in terms of size efficiency evaluation having maintaining average size.

Communication through mobile phones, Tablets and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant) is the new trend in the era of globalization. In day-today activities, sensitive information through mobile phones is exchanged among the users. This sensitive information can be in the form of text messages, images, location, etc. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Harvard and Carnegie-Mellon did research on Mobile Applications and found that applications leak huge amount of information to the third party servers. 73 per cent of 55 applications were found to leak private information of the users [7]. Transmission of files securely on Android is a big issue. Therefore it is essential to enhance the privacy of user data on Android Platform. The main objective of this project is to enhance the privacy on Android Platform by allowing transmission of data (text messages, location, images and .txt files) in encrypted format. By doing so, the integrity and confidentiality of data is maintained.

Cloud computing is the following era computing stage that gives numerous applications to the clients in seamless way and get to the assets over the organize without any boundary. Mixed media content management and preparing is among the imperative viewpoint of the cloud and it brings the preferences of processing and conveying of Interactive media within the conveyed situations. Cloud clients are having interest to get to and share the media inside the community by utilizing the gadgets with restricted capability. With current cloud design, restrictive multimedia substance get to and handling inside the cloud community isn't conceivable. To overcome this issue, we propose the private controlled cloud architecture for the media which stores, handling and conveying the media substance to the authenticated clouders on the go. Too we captured a few of the key points of interest of this engineering over the existing methods.

The use of technology is instructed but the creation of technology is the sophisticated part of it. Cryptography plays a vital role in Internet security. It is interlinked with the modern organizations to understand the usage of cryptography and its wide range of applications.A phenomenal mixture of existing technologies makes a trendsetter in the evolving fields like quantum computing and it's applications in various fields (quantum cryptography), cloud computing, IOT. For every invention or discovery there will be a massive exploration of knowledge flowing with many ideas in mind and delivering a huge beneficial output to the economy, society. Is random number technique helps for generating the key? What sort of encryption approach and decryption approach takes place? What is the length of the key for ciphers? What is Quantum key distribution (QKD)? Which type of block symmetry is used? ...all these are answered with a brief explanation of our idea in section 5. The main motto is to provide an emphasis on cryptography and an overview of its real-world applications.

Cloud computing is one of the most blazing innovations of the IT exchange for business. Cloud computing security has changed into a well-known theme in division and scholarly research. Cloud computing is a theoretical administration based innovation which is utilized by many organizations generally nowadays. HECC calculation gives secure correspondence uprightness and validation, alongside nonrepudiation of correspondence and information classification. HECC is known as an public key encryption strategy based of Elliptical Curve hypothesis that can be utilized to make rapid, minor and more effective cryptography key. Steganography is the craftsmanship and investigation of covering information with the pictures that its proximity can't be perceived. It has three insurance focuses: verification, key calculations and encryption of information. This paper will make cloud security and information security of cloud in cloud computing by making advanced mark and encryption with the mix of Hyper Elliptical Curve Cryptography and Steganography.

Background: The technological revolution has allowed users to exchange data and information in various fields, and this is one of the most prevalent uses of computer technologies. However, in a world where third parties are capable of collecting, stealing, and destroying information without authorization, cryptography remains the primary tool that assists users in keeping their information secure using various techniques. Blowfish is an encryption process that is modest, protected, and proficient, with the size of the message and the key size affecting its performance. Aim: the goal of this study is to design a modified Blowfish algorithm by changing the structure of the F function to encrypt and decrypt video data. After which, the performance of the normal and modified Blowfish algorithm will be obtained in terms of time complexity and the avalanche effect. Methods: To compare the encryption time and security, the modified Blowfish algorithm will use only two S-boxes in the F func...

Smartphone is a phone that is smart enough to provide all the facilities to consumer which laptop and personal computer provides. Despite of that it lacks resources and battery backup as the usage of Smartphone's is getting prioritize coz of their portability and easy to access features all the applications can be installed and then accessed it also provide storage which is somehow limited but for all that resources should be abundant and enough battery backup is needed to perform all the tasks. Cloud Computing is the model that offers the scalable and reliable storage and resources by combining it with Smartphone's their efficiency increases. That is Mobile Cloud computing which offloads the heavy tasks from mobile to cloud to decrease its CPU utilization and battery consumption. With this approach being advantage for Smartphone's is also making Smartphone's vulnerable in terms of security as mobile device contain private data which cannot be disclosed to unauthoriz...

Cryptography is a tool that can be used to keep information confidential and to ensure its integrity and authenticity. All modern cryptographic system are based on Kirchhoff’s principle of having a publicly known algorithm and a private or secret key. Many cryptographic algorithms use complex transformations involving substitutions and permutations to transform the plain text into cipher text. However, if quantum cryptography can be made practical, the use of one pads may provide truly unbreakable cryptosystems. Cryptographic algorithms can be divided into symmetric key algorithms and public key algorithms. Symmetric key algorithms mangle the bits in a series of rounds parameterized by the key to turn the plaintext into cipher text. The main public key algorithm is RSA, public key algorithms. Commonly messages to be signed are hashed using algorithms such as MD-5 and SHA-1 and then hashes are signed rather than original messages. Including some that use a trusted third party, Diffie...

Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, particularly data storage and computing power, without direct active management by the user. Here an online organ donation system is developed with the help of the aforementioned technologies. The main aim of the paper is to make sure that the organs of the people, who have come forward to donate, reach the respective individual in need of the particular organ. Since everything is stored in the cloud, anybody can access it anytime, which in turn puts the data at risk. The secured sharing of donor detail is necessary. Encryption is done at two levels to provide security, one while the data is entered and the other done by a third party providing proxy re-encryption. Now, whenever a brain-dead patient is in the hospital, after thorough verification for any complications, the deciding parameters such as the organs that can be transplanted, blood group, presence of HIV positive and location, is compared with the...

In today's world, there are a number of cryptographic and steganographic techniques used in order to have secured data transfer between a sender and a receiver. In this paper we present a new hybrid approach that integrates the merits of cryptography and Image steganography based on multi resolution wavelet domain. First, the original message is encrypted using modified blowfish algorithm and the resultant cipher text is embedded into a cover image. After that the Steg image is decomposed into approximation and detailed image using discrete wavelet transform. The resultant reduced image is transmitted to the receiver and the reverse process is done in order to get back the original plain text. Our experimental results show that our system is unique in its design as well as it is suspicion less.

Recently, there is increasing interest in data transfer between many different devices. Data must be encrypted before being sent so that the intended receiver can only read it to prevent unauthorized access and processing of a secret message. This paper suggests two levels of security to secure import messages that are sent via the internet. A secret text is encrypted by a Blowfish algorithm, then the secret text is hidden in an image by the least significant bit (LSB) technique. The LSB method of concealing important information was developed to conceal at least the first of at least two bits, depending on the cover data. The resolution of an image is raised in our work where the sender selects a stego image with a high peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The receiver knows all the necessary information for decoding by the first nine pixels. The PSNR is used for evaluating the resolution of the image to check robustness at sending. The number of PSNR illustrates in our proposal that...

Now a days, as more and more information is communicated via computers, the need is to ensure that this information is secure and information can be secured by the means of encryption algorithms. Securing information refers to the methodologies that are implemented to protect sensitive information from misuse or disclosure as it causes risk. Encryption is the process of conglomerating or scrambling a message so that only the intended recipient can read it. With the fast progression of digital data exchange in electronic way, Information security is becoming much more important in data storage and transmission. With the evolution of human intelligence, the art of cryptography has become more complex in order to make information more secure. Various encryption algorithms are deployed to make information more secure. In this paper, a survey of RSA, DES and AES encryption algorithms are presented.

Tato semestrální práce je zaměřena na kryptografické metody. Část se věnuje blokovým šifrám, kde popisuje algoritmy Blowfish a 3DES. Dále se zabývá hashovacími funkcemi, z nich podrobně rozebírá algoritmy SHA-3 a Tiger.This semestral thesis is focused on cryptographic methods. Part of it deals with block ciphers, where are described algorithms of Blowfish and 3DES. It also deals with hash functions of which are analysed algorithms of SHA-3 and Tiger in detail.

Recently, there is increasing interest in data transfer between many different devices. Data must be encrypted before being sent so that the intended receiver can only read it to prevent unauthorized access and processing of a secret message. This paper suggests two levels of security to secure import messages that are sent via the internet. A secret text is encrypted by a Blowfish algorithm, then the secret text is hidden in an image by the least significant bit (LSB) technique. The LSB method of concealing important information was developed to conceal at least the first of at least two bits, depending on the cover data. The resolution of an image is raised in our work where the sender selects a stego image with a high peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The receiver knows all the necessary information for decoding by the first nine pixels. The PSNR is used for evaluating the resolution of the image to check robustness at sending. The number of PSNR illustrates in our proposal that the resolution of the image is near the original LSB technique, but the embedding is more randomly robust in steganography.

Seiring dengan perkembangan informasi yang terus meningkat salah satunya penggunaan komputerisasi dalam berbagai bidang. Hal ini erat kaitannya dengan penggunaan password dalam area komputerisasi. Rawannya manupulasi password dinilai sebagai hal yang perlu dicegah menggunakan data hiding. Salah satu teknik dalam data hiding yaitu Kriptografi. Dalam kriptografi terdapat banyak algoritma, salah satnya yang memiliki kehandalan yaitu algoritma blowfish. Sampai saat ini algoritma Blowfish belum ditemukan kelemahan yang berarti hanya adanya weak key dimana dua entri dari S-box mempunyai nilai yang sama. Belum ada cara untuk mengecek weak key sebelum melakukan key expansion, tetapi hal ini tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil enkripsi. Hasil enkripsi dengan algoritma Blowfish sangat tidak mungkin dan tidak praktis untuk di terjemahkan tanpa bantuan kunci. Sampai kini belum ada Cryptanalysis yang dapat membongkar pesan tanpa kunci yang enkripsi oleh Blowfish. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa a...

As there is enormous increase or rise in the data exchange by the electronic system, the requirements of information security has become a compulsion. The most important concern in the communication system which is between sender and receiver is the security of the information which is to be transmitted. To get rid of the intruders various cryptographic algorithms are used for example: AES, DES, Triple DES, Blowfish, etc. This paper is about encryption and decryption of messages using the secret-key block cipher which is known as 64-bits Blowfish which is being designed to increase the overall message security and also to improve the performance.

Numerous cryptographic methods are accessible for filling the need of data security over the web, servers, and neighbourhood frameworks. Be that as it may, there is consistently request of greater security which may not be meet by such cryptographic calculations alone due to realized security assaults and numerical intricacy. Consequently, envisioning the essential mix of cryptography and steganography strategies can give a more significant level of safety. Speedy Reaction (QR) codes are utilized broadly because of their advantageous attributes. It incorporates strength, intelligibility, mistake amendment ability, huge information limit than customary standardized tags and so forth. Consequently, in this work, we propose a 3-layered engineering for getting message sharing system by utilizing QR code picture in one layer. This engineering uses the exact and vital utilization of cryptography and steganography procedures. The proposed framework gives the more significant level of safety based on quantitative and subjective outcomes. Additionally, we consider our framework in contrast to the presentation assessment standards examined in the paper.

Abstract: The aim of this paper proposes a project based implementation File Tracking System (FTS) used in private and mostly in government sector. This project is built on Railway System using three tier architecture. This application is used to prevent corruption. There are a large number of departments in the Railway Department where file transfer is done from one department to another. The number of files moving within the specific time duration, file allocated to any employee and whether the file has been forwarded or not. Sometimes if someone has to do corruption then they does not send that file forward, seeing all this problem we have developed File Tracking System (FTS), which track the movements of the file within the organization. This application will keep track the movement of files from one desk to another inside the department.

In the field of cryptography, there has been a massive amount of enhancement in manipulating the plaintext which is unreadable, less prone to crackers and hackers, again manipulating this unreadable form to get back plaintext in some way. The Blowfish algorithm is a block cipher, has complex in structure in generating P-box and S-box entries using encryption algorithm. By simplifying the structure of encryption algorithm as well as F function with dynamic substitution, this can improve the performance by generating P-box and S-box entries of blowfish algorithm. In this paper, the proposed method simplifies the structure to produce P-box and S-box entries in order to reduce computational cost and demonstrates the performance of blowfish. The approach considers different security aspects namely EQ analysis, KS analysis, AV analysis, Entropy, Floating Frequency analysis and correlation of horizontally adjacent pixels in an encrypted image.

In today’s competitive digital economy, the applications of cyber world require high level of security for expensive data. In recent years, a lot of research has taken place in direction to trim down the security issues by contributing various approaches. Cryptography is such a technique to secure data. Cryptography means secret (crypto) writing (graphy). Cryptography can be categorized into symmetric cryptography and asymmetric cryptography. This paper covers fair comparison between four most commonly used symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms: DES, AES, BLOWFISH, and RSA which are helpful in network security. KEYWORDSCryptography, Encryption, Decryption, DES, AES, BLOWFISH, RSA. INTRODUCTION -Cryptography is a requisite element of avoiding private data from being purloined. In data and telecommunications, cryptography is necessary when communicating over any untrusted medium for example network like Internet. The main goal of cryptography is to keep the data secure for its inten...