Digital Violence

La Violencia de Género es uno de los problemas sociales a los que, dada la gravedad y los resultados de muerte se le viene prestando, en la actualidad, mayor atención política, social y judicial. A raíz de la reforma del código penal español del año 2015, estudiaremos una nueva modalidad delictiva que combina el nuevo delito de acoso a través de medios digitales del artículo 172 ter, con la agravante del artículo 173.2  que hace referencia a la comisión del delito por las parejas o ex parejas. Con esta combinación de conceptos surge lo que podríamos denominar violencia de género digital y que se desarrolla fundamentalmente a través de las redes sociales y de los terminales móviles con aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea.

New Media is now an important and positive component in the era of globalization. This became an integral part of the socio cultural and economic development of the society. Especially, for women it is a new arena to explore and it also provide space for them in this digital age. But, with the expansion of this internet world, it's increasing and instant reach to individuals has also opened up a new door for violence. As this fast technology has also given rise to new forms of sexual abuse and exploitation through the use of new media. So, this paper attempts to discuss about the digital violence faced by women in the presence of New Media. It is a study of the impact of social media and new communications technologies on violence against women. This study discussed about why new media and social media platforms are so attractive to women end users, how they present dangers and can contribute to violence against women in the digital sphere and real life, and the ways in which new and emerging platforms can offer digital spaces for intervention, violence prevention and community building. With this the study also suggested the preventions and cures of the digital violence. 1. Introduction In the age of globalization shrinkage in time and space of the world became possible. In this digital technology has played an important role. In the developing countries like India is also enjoying this technology for their expansion and growth. As India share a bigger stake in the utilization of digital technology in the world and also helps in giving a new shape to the digital revolution. Media has also utilizes this technology for the expansion of media industry in the form of social media or the digital media. Especially in India, citizens were using the technological media for pointing out the enormity done against women in the society. Digital media is the platform which is usage for sharing knowledge, information, ideas, views or opinion related to societal problems. This is a place where each of its users has the same hold; no one is the owner of this media. That's why in last few years people were following a trend of using the social networking websites. Normally, those stuffs are restricted to publish or broadcast in print media or the electronic media can be published on these websites. Sometime information is just a scoop but through this space serious journalism is also be done by the citizens. There is no proper channel of restriction on the information or views putted on the social networking websites. People were using fake identity and posts vulgar photos or comments on these social websites without any fear. These nasty photos and videos are in the trend beside this, content which help in spreading religious insanity also present in abundant amount. So, with the spread of digital technology the expansion of digital violence has also increased. Because of this digital violence, women are facing a new challenge in their life. Women are not feeling safe even in this virtual world. In fact it is solicitude for the society as the photos of women are used by people in vulgar way. Cyberstalking, non-consensual internet pornography, exposing private information, reputation damage, impersonation or false representation, and other online attacks carried and amplified by networking technologies constitute the new face of violence against women. Technology-based violence also includes using Facebook to monitor, track and harass victims' children, friends and family members.

Muško nasilje prema ženama je fenomen star koliko i samo društvo. Ono nastaje kao posledica istorijski nejednakih odnosa moći između muškaraca i žena i prisutno je u različitim istorijskim razdobljima i različitim društvenim, političkim i ekonomskim uređenjima. U ovom radu ćemo nastojati da ukažemo na to kako neoliberalizam, kao ekonomsko-politički sistem u Republici Srbiji, utiče na to da muško nasilje prema ženama u digitalnom okruženju bude jedna od struktura perpetuiranja neoliberalnog neokonzervativnog patrijarhata te ćemo ukazati na njen međuuticaj sa drugim stukturama patrijarhata na način na koji postaje regulatorni mehanizam održavanja konkretnog društveno-ekonomskog sistema. To će biti učinjeno pomoću teorije patrijarhata Silvije Volbi primenjene na širi društveno-istorijski kontekst Republike Srbije.

Apstrakt: Cilj ovog rada je da problematizuje fenomen muškog nasilja nad ženama u digitalnom okruženju i prikaže ga kao deo kontinuuma rodno zasnovanog nasilja. Kroz analizu narativa ispitanica sa ovim iskustvom, biće mapirani i opisani različiti pojavni oblici muškog nasilja nad ženama u digitalnom okruženju, a konkretne situacije nasilja će biti analizirane. U skladu sa tim, biće ukazano na karakteristike ovog fenomena, a posebna pažnja će biti data prepoznavanju njegovih specifičnosti u odnosu na tradicionalno shvaćeno muško nasilje nad ženama, odnosno, ono muško nasilje koje se dešava u ne-digitalnom okruženju, a koje se javljaju kao posledica 'izmeštanja' nasilja u digitalno okruženje, u skladu sa samim specifičnostima ovog okruženja.

Ključne reči: rodno zasnovano nasilje, Internet, digitalno okruženje, iskustva žena, muško nasilje nad ženama, osvetnička pornografija

Abstract: Digital gender-based violence is a phenomenon which openly questions utopian notions about contemporary information and communication technology, including the idea of cyberspace as a locus of freedom and equality for all. Digitally facilitated violence is one of the practices that link together the digital and the physical world, which poses the question of the extent to which online violence impacts the everyday life of women. The paper stresses the importance of research on the various forms and aspects of digital violence against women; it insists that the understanding of this phenomenon includes, while not being limited to, other forms of interpersonal violence committed by men against women. Based on the personal testimonies of women respondents from Serbia who experienced digitally mediated violence, the final part of the paper problematises the influence and repercussions of these forms of violence on the everyday life.

Keywords: digital environment, digital structural violence, interpersonal digital violence against women, experiences and repercussions

This study focuses on determining the strategic social work management
principles in digital violence against women. The aim of this study is to determine
the strategic factors for the implementation of measures in the determination and
management of the causes and effects of violence against women by social work
through digital elements. The systematic review method was adopted in the study.
The results of the study showed that the behavioral patterns of digital violence
against women were disruptive behavior, bullying, harassment, stalking,
intimidating, controlling. It was determined that strategic social work
management consisted of analysis and planning, implementation, control,
competitive power, feedback, and strategic renewal stages/steps. According to
other findings, it was determined that women were exposed to digital violence
through computer games, cyber harassment, cyber warfare, cybercrime fraud,
social media, smartphone applications, e-articles. Recommended applications
for the implementation phase of social work are e-gender discrimination
measures, women's e-refuge / e-shelter, electronic sportswomen.

Digital platforms quickly became prevalent over physical public space, allowing debates, interactions, and activism to flourish. With women journalists contributing significantly to the formation of a vibrant digital public space, offline violence has adapted and evolved with digital platforms. Since 2015, the safety of journalists has profiled as an object of research in the field of communication sciences. Researchers identify, explore, and analyze the nature, prevalence, mediums of support and impacts, both personal and journalistic, of new aggressions specific to the digital environment, which aim to discredit, condition, and silence female participation. However, the wide diversity of terms and definitions used by academics has made it difficult to identify the phenomenon of digital violence against journalists and what would be the appropriate way to legislate it, to guarantee a protection of rights adapted to the digital environment. Based on scientific papers that have carried out a systematic review of terms used in previous research to characterize digital violence against women journalists, we intend to identify the best way to conceptually characterize the phenomenon and which issues need to be considered for a legislation of journalists' safety in digital arena.

Proposals Submission Deadline: May 26, 2021
Full Chapters Due: September 23, 2021
Submission Date: September 23, 2021
Introduction
Digital violence and discrimination are the most important social, economic, political, and legal problems of the 21st century. Malware and cyberattacks that emerge in the light of digital developments affect women, children, society, governments, organizations, human behaviors, health, and businesses. Applications, policies, and strategies are developed to eliminate these negative effects. The need for multidisciplinary research in this field is increasing. This book aims to provide a multidisciplinary approach focusing on the effects of digital violence and discrimination in all sciences.

Behind the screens: Analysis of human trafficking victims’  abuse in digital surroundings, includes experiences of  178  girls and women who were using  NGO Atina’s support and protection programs in the period from  2015  until  2020. Such a  number of respondents in the field of human trafficking victims’ protection is an extremely important sample, and it should be noted that the data collection process was marked by the exceptional motivation of these girls and women to participate in it.  It is also important to point out that this analysis was carried out during the pandemic when a  large part of global communication moved to the digital space, and the risks of vio-lence and exploitation increased .

The objective of this article is to conceptualize affective polarization beyond partisan politics to instead analyze the ways in which women's affective political participation is subject to toxic discipline. While a lot of focus has been placed on affective politics as mechanisms for governance, little has been done regarding affective polarization after feminist protest. In this article, we bridge two bodies of literature-affective politics and political polarization-by proposing the notion of affective polarization. We focused on the case of a series of feminist mobilizations that took place to fight back against the impunity of police violence in Mexico. We conducted a mixed-method approach that combines, on one hand, quantitative analysis of data strand tweets encompassing #EllasNoMeRepresentan (TheyDoNotRepresentMe) (N = 17,698) and #EllasSiMeRepresentan (TheyDoRepresentMe) (N = 6700) and, on the other hand, a qualitative analysis of 500 tweets of each hashtag. The results of the study revealed the existence of polarization that aims at disciplining the affective political participation of women. Almost half of our data contain negative sentiments. The toxic tweets include corrective threats, such as incitation to sexual violence, murder, hate against feminism, and patronizing discourses about how women should protest. We thus conclude that while it is true that social media has amplified feminist mobilization, it has also led to an increase of digital violence. With these findings, the article contributes to a better understanding of both feminist affective politics and its disciplining governing mechanisms in a patriarchal social media.