Gastropods

A total of 31 sites were collected in the north and middle basins of Capitol Lake and one in Percivial Creek.  Twenty-seven of the sites sampled in Capitol Lake had live NZMS present.  Of the 3 sites in the middle basin, 2 had only dead NZMS shells present while the southernmost one had none present.  Based on a number of the NZMS at the 27 live sites in the lake a density contour map was drawn.  The highest densities of the NZMS occur in the north basin of Capitol Lake from the outlet of the lake at the dam to the east along the shoreline.  Additional areas of high densities of the NZMS occur in the southern part of the north basin just north of the railroad grade and along the east bank of the north part of the middle basin.  The lowest densities of the NZMS are found in three areas of the north basin and the southern end of the middle basin.  No NZMS were found in the southernmost part of the middle basin

Gastropoda) in Singapore. Zoological Studies 47 (4): 481-494. Molluscs from the gastropod family Neritidae are primarily found in marine habitats, but they are also known from brackish and freshwater systems. In Singapore, there is a paucity of information on the diversity of Neritids in all 3 aquatic environments. Herein, we provide taxonomic descriptions and distributional data for locally occurring Neritids. Surveys of 31 sites over a period of 10 yr yielded a total of 19 species, of which 6 species are considered new records for ...

The queen conch, Lobatus gigas (Linnaeus, 1758), is a large gastropod found throughout the Caribbean region, including off Florida. The extent, habitat association, and population demographics of an aggregation were investigated off southeast Florida near a major shipping port. Population surveys were conducted over 4 km2 of hard-bottom habitats to document benthic cover, conch distribution, and size data within 2 km north and south of the shipping inlet. In total, 122 conch were recorded for the entire surveyed area, equating to 70.6 conch ha–1. Mean density was highest south of the inlet. Juvenile and subadult conch were found throughout the study area, but mostly in the westernmost, shallowest hard-bottom habitats. The highest density of adult conch was found in the CPW south of the inlet. Analyses showed that CPW south has a unique community composition dominated by macroalgae and sand. This area was surveyed further using cross-shelf transects measuring conch extent and demographics. Five-hundred-and-twenty-five conch were found, resulting in a density of 495 ha–1. Confirmed mating sightings, females with eggs, and solitary egg masses were found indicating reproduction in this nearshore habitat is successful. The ratio of females with eggs to those without indicated that, although 21.2% of the females with eggs had a thinner lip, the majority had a lip thickness >12 mm. Nearshore mating conch should be a consideration in beach construction projects. Future research should include reconnaissance for other aggregations, monitoring, and comparisons among other nearshore populations.

Pliocene shallow-water marine sediments at Marine Plain (centred on 68°37.7ʹS; 78°07.8ʹE) and covering approximately 10 km² in the Vestfold
Hills, East Antarctica, have yielded six species of gastropods, and 11 species of bivalves from two beds within the Sørsdal Formation. Most of the material is close to in situ but some specimens have been disturbed from their life position; there is no evidence of significant transport. The gastropods include Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908), Falsimargarita parvispira Quilty, Darragh, Gallagher & Harding sp. nov., indeterminate species of trochids and naticids, Chlanidota (Chlanidota) sp. cf. C. signeyana Powell, 1951, and two species of Trophon/Trophonella. Bivalves include Ennucula sp. aff. E. grayi (d’Orbigny, 1846), Aequiyoldia defossata Quilty, Darragh, Gallagher & Harding, sp. nov., ‘Pectunculina’ sp., Lissarca sp., Austrochlamys anderssoni (Hennig, 1911), Ruthipecten campestris Quilty, Darragh, Gallagher & Harding sp. nov., Adamussium necopinatum Quilty, Darragh, Gallagher & Harding sp. nov., Limatula (Antarctolima) sp. cf. L. hodgsoni (Smith, 1907), Cyclocardia magna Quilty, Darragh, Gallagher & Harding sp. nov., ?Hiatella sp. cf. H. arctica (Linnaeus, 1767) and Laternula elliptica (King, 1832). Preservation varies considerably owing to recrystallization, dissolution or distortion through compaction, so several species are left in open nomenclature. Oxygen isotope data indicate that water temperature was 4–7.5°C at the time of shell growth. Many species or species groups are now extinct or have migrated away from the Antarctic to the sub-Antarctic region. An Antarctic mollusc fauna has been characteristic of the region for much of the Cenozoic.

Se presenta una síntesis y nueva información sobre
faunística, distribución, taxonomía y conservación de la
malacofauna uruguaya de Gastropoda marinos y
estuarinos costeros bentónicos (0-50 m). La misma está
compuesta por al menos 140 especies, de las cuales solo
siete son estuarinas (incluyendo las exóticas Rapana venosa
y Myosotella myosotis). Los géneros Olivancillaria (Olividae)
y Buccinanops (Nassariidae) son particularmente diversos
en especies y están distribuidos en una variedad de
fondos inconsolidados. En el Río de la Plata y y otros
ambientes estuariales el género Heleobia (Cochliopidae)
está ampliamente distribuido y es considerado aquí como
máxima prioridad de investigación. Otros grupos prioritarios
son aquellos generalmente compuestos por
microgasterópodos que poseen diversos grados de asociación
y simbiosis con poríferos, antozoos, poliquetos,
crustáceos, equinodermos y briozoos (Epitoniidae,
Eulimidae, Triphoridae, Cerithiopsidae, Pyramidellidae
y Nudibranchia), así como Trochoidea y Vitrinellidae. Se
insiste en la necesidad de nuevas técnicas de muestreo y
enfoques de investigación, formación de colecciones y
recursos humanos como elementos particularmente críticos
para llenar vacíos de información. El manejo adecuado
del agua de lastre y del químico tributiltina (TBT),
la reglamentación y control de la extracción de algunas
especies, la implementación de áreas protegidas y el enfoque
ecosistémico en pesquerías son considerados de
particular relevancia para la conservación de esa fauna.

Compiled and augmented by Christophe Avon Based on : « Freshwater Mollusk Bibliography » [02-26-2015] : 22,441 References, 1786 pp. "This freshwater mollusk bibliography database is a collaborative effort by Kevin Cummings, Illinois Natural History Survey, Art Bogan, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Tom Watters, The Ohio State University Museum of Biological Diversity, and Christine Mayer, Illinois Natural History Survey. The project was funded by the National Fish & Wildlife Foundation". Website : http://ellipse.inhs.uiuc.edu:591/mollusk/ http://www.WAS-Archives.org.

A systematic monograph of the Recent Indo-Pacific species of the marine family Architectonicidae (Gastropoda: Heterostropha) is presented, based on new field studies, a large part (more than 22,000 specimens in over 50 collections) of the world-wide available collection material, as well as all available type material and original publications. A general introduction to the family is given, concentrating on morphology and anatomy, reproductive biology, habitat and diet, phylogeny and fossil record. The group has a world-wide distribution in warm-temperate to tropical waters and is the only gastropod family possessing heterostrophic ("sinistral") protoconchs in combination with broadly conical, umbilicate, dextral teleoconchs. Architectonicids prey on various groups of zoantharian coelenterates. All members for which data are available have long-range planktotrophic veliger larvae enabling dispersal over great distances, and large areas of distribution (often ranging from Africa to the Central Pacific, sometimes even reaching the western coast of America) have been recognized for many species. A discussion of taxonomic characters emphasizes a "finger-print" pattern of recognized homologous teleoconch spiral ribs, and species-typical size range and shape (and occasionally, sculpture) of the protoconch. Over 250 previously introduced architectonicid species-group names are discussed. Of these, 88 are accepted as valid Indo-Pacific architectonicid species-group taxa, and 83 names are placed in their synonymies. Many others are rejected as unjustified emendations, erroneous subsequent spellings, or non-binominal names. Twenty lndo-Pacific species are described as new to science: Architectonica arcana, A. consobrina, A. gualtierii, Granosolarium excavatum, G. gemmi/ernm, Heliacus geminus, H hyperionis, H nereidis, H. oceanitis, H proteus, Pseudotorinia armillata, P. sestertius, P. yaroni, Solatisonax kilburni, S.? orba, S. propinqua, S. rehderi, Spiro/axis argonauta, Sp. cornuarietis, and Sp. exornatus. Eight additional "forms" are recognized that demand further study and remain unnamed. Each recognized taxon is redescribed in detail, with special emphasis on homologous features of the teleoconch and protoconch dimensions. The descriptions are illustrated with 470 light and SEM photographs of type and other relevant specimens, and 150 other illustrations such as distribution maps, histograms and line drawings. Available data on anatomy, reproductive biology, larval development, ecology, and geographical distribution are summarized. The Indo-Pacific Architectonicidae are arranged in 11 genera: Architectonica Röding, 1798 (= Solarium Lamarck, 1799, Verticillus Jousseaume, 1888), with 16 species and 2 "forms"; Adelphotectonica Bieler, 1987, with 3 species; Philippia Gray, 1847, with 2 species (one of which of doubtful status); Psilaxis Woodring, 1928, with 2 species; Discotectonica Marwick, 1931 ( = Acutitectonica Habe, 1961, Russetia Garrard, 1961 ), with 4 species; Granosolarium Sacco, 1892 ( = Solariaxis Dall, 1892, Claraxis Iredale, 1936), with 5 species; Solatisonax Iredale, 1931, with 9 species and 1 "form" (two of which tentatively placed or of doubtful locality); Heliacus Orbigny, 1842 ( = Torinia Gray, 1842), with 28 species, 1 geographic subspecies and several "forms" of undetermined status, arranged in 6 subgenera: Heliacus s.s., Pyrgoheliacus Bieler, 1987, Torinista Iredale, 1936 ( = Astronacus Woodring, 1959), Grandeliacus Iredale, 1957, Teretropoma Rochebrune, 1881, and Gyriscus Tiberi, 1867; Pseudotorinia Sacco, 1892 (= Awarua Mestayer, 1930, Calodisculus Rehder, 1935), with 12 species and 4 "forms"; Pseudomalaxis Fischer, 1885 ( = Discosolis Dall, 1892, Mangonuia Mestayer, 1930), with 2 species; and Spirolaxis Monterosato, 1913 (= Paurodiscus Rehder, 1935, Aguayodiscus Jaume &. Borro, 1946), with 5 species. Lectotypes are selected for Architectonica nobilis Röding, 1798; Architectonica valenciennesii Mörch, 1859; Solarium admirandum Melvill &. Standen, 1903; Solarium bicanaliculatum Valenciennes, 1832; Solarium dilectum Deshayes, 1863; Solarium dunkeri Hanley, 1862; Solarium enoshimense Melvill, 1891; Solarium granulatum Lamarck, 1816; Solarium japonicum Pilsbry & Stearns, 1895; Solarium placentale Hinds, 1844; Torinia aequatorialis Thiele, 1925; Torinia costata Schepman, 1909; Torinia densegranosa Pilsbry, 1905; Torinia discoidea Pease, 1868; and Torinia gemmulata Thiele, 1925. A taxon index and a complete bibliography (comprising almost 800 titles) are provided

"Shells begin as movable dwellings for the mollusks who create them, but where a shell ends up is far from predetermined. They may go on to have many lives once their makers have left them behind. Whether subsumed into the geological landscape, reoccupied by a hermit crab, or repurposed by humankind, shells are more than exoskeletal remains of life past; they are persistently animable things. To admire a shell’s variegated surface, to feel its sculptural form in one’s hand, or to hear the echo of the sea in the architecture of its inner chamber, is to engage with a curious object that is also an uncanny subject. This chapter explores how early modern artists employed the pictorial realm to think through shells and their resonant histories, and it seeks to understand the encounters with shells that these pictures stage. I take as my starting point a simple premise: the life of a shell in a painting is never a still life..."

For the full volume, see: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691215761/conchophilia

A review of the recent species of the family Personidae with a synopsis of most of the synonymy is presented. Discusion on some of the more controversial species is summarised with reference to the most important papers. Distorsio pusilla Pease, 1861 is recorded from Indonesia for the first time. Lectotypes for D. anus (L., 1758), D. clathrata (Lamarck, 1816) and D. smithi (Von Maltzan, 1884) are selected; type localities for D. anus (L., 1758) and D. reticularis (L., 1758) are designated. D. ventricosa spec. nov. is described. An appendix with names of fossil species is added.

The biodiversity of early Eocene cerithioidean gastropods from a marine littoral environment, including mangroves with Nypa palms, is documented from the Figols group (FG) and the overlying Castigaleu group (CG), of the Ager and the Tremp-Graus basins (south-central Pyrenees, Spain). The stratigraphic interval includes the middle and upper Ypresian, encompassing the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO). A lower Ypresian assemblage from the Tremp-Ager group (TA) is also discussed. The malacofauna comprises a rich association of intertidal to shallow subtidal species, dominated by Potamidiidae, Batillariidae, Pachychilidae and Cerithiidae, with subordinate Melanopsidae, Thiaridae and Diastomidae. The subtidal fauna is dominated by Turritellidae. The new taxa Peraubium n. gen. (middle-upper Ypresian), Cerithium agervallensis n. sp. (middle Ypresian) (Cerithiidae), Granulolabium pyrenaicum n. sp. (upper Ypresian), Melanopsis cuisiensis n. sp. (upper Ypresian), Pseudobellardia muttii n. sp. (middle-upper Ypresian) (Pachychilidae), Trempotamides n. gen. (middle Ypresian), Cerithideopsis roselli n. sp. (upper Ypresian), Cerithideopsis harzhauseri n. sp. (upper Ypresian), Potamides isabenense n. sp. (upper Ypresian), Tympanotonos morillensis n. sp. (upper Ypresian) (Potamididae) and Melanoides vidali n. comb. (lower Ypresian) (Thiaridae) are introduced. The Cerithioidea fossil record is interpreted according to their local palaeoenvironmental gradients, and by considering their genus-level global stratigraphic distributions in the light of molecular phylogeny, ecology and geographic range of Recent relatives. The study suggests that Potamididae were adapted to intertidal bottoms of mangrove settings since their radiation in Western Tethys. Some early Eocene genera survive in Recent mangrove-fringed coasts. The Batillariidae were adapted to shallow subtidal settings. Their species richness is high, but within genera unrelated to modern forms. Some early Eocene genera attributed to the Pachychilidae lived in marine habitats, contrary to purely freshwater Recent species of that family. Turritellidae were abundant, but not diversified, and occupied a seaward position with respect to all other cerithioidean families.

An annotated checklist of the Mollusca from the Australian Indian Ocean Territories (IOT) of Christmas
Island (Indian Ocean) and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is presented. The checklist combines data from all previous
studies and new material collected during the recent Christmas Island Expeditions organised by the Lee Kong Chian
Natural History Museum (formerly the Raffles Museum of Biodiversty Resarch), Singapore. The checklist provides
an overview of the diversity of the malacofauna occurring in the Cocos (Keeling) / Christmas Island ecoregion.
A total of 1,178 species representing 165 families are documented, with 760 (in 130 families) and 757 (in 126
families) species recorded from Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, respectively. Forty-five species
(or 3.8%) of these species are endemic to the Australian IOT. Fifty-seven molluscan records for this ecoregion are
herein published for the first time. We also briefly discuss historical patterns of discovery and endemism in the
malacofauna of the Australian IOT.

Two western Atlantic vitrinellids, Cyclostremiscus beauii (Fischer, 1857) and Circulus texanus (Moore, 1965) new combination are redescribed based on a study of live snails from the burrows of the stomatopod crustacean Lysiosquilla scabricauda (Lamarck, 1818). Anatomy and reproductive biology are emphasized, with the first recorded description of spawn and larval development in the family. Synonymies are given, and a lectotype is selected for Cy. beauii. Literature data concerning anatomy are reviewed for the marine near-planispiral rissoaceans; Vitrinellidae (including Cyclostremiscus and Circulus, with Circulidae as a synonym) is considered distinct from Tornidae. Unusual morphological aspects of Cy. beauii are discussed, including external ciliation patterns, pallial tentacles (which are functionally and morphologically different from each other), and stomach morphology {with a large posterior chamber). Protandrous sequential hermaphroditism in Cy. beauii is inferred (for the first time in the Rissoacea) from morphological evidence of sex change correlated with size.

The Polystira clade (here comprising Polystira and Pleuroliria) is a poorly known but hyper-diverse clade within the neogastropod family Turridae (sensu stricto). It has extensively radiated within the tropics and subtropics of the Americas, to which it is endemic. In this paper we present a synthetic overview of existing information on this radiation together with new information on estimated species diversity, systematic relationships, a species-level molecular phylogenetic analysis and preliminary macroecological and diversification analyses, to serve as a platform for further study. We currently estimate that about 300 species (122 extant) are known from its 36 million year history but this number will undoubtedly increase as we extend our studies. We discuss the relationships of Polystira to other Neotropical Turridae (s.s.) and examine the taxonomy and
systematics of the geologically oldest described members of the clade. To aid taxonomic description of shells we introduce a new notation for homologous major spiral cords. Focusing on key publications, we discuss in detail the changing historical understanding of the taxonomy of the clade and the relationships of its component genus-level taxa: Polystira Woodring, 1928, Pleuroliria de Gregorio, 1890, Josephina Gardner, 1945 and Oxytropa Glibert, 1955. We designate a neotype for Pleurotoma (Pleuroliria) supramirifica de Gregorio, 1890, to stabilize our understanding of this, the type species of Pleuroliria.
Application of the name Oxytropa is restricted to the type species. The genus Polystira is conchologically re-described and for the first time we synthesize available information on the anatomy, feeding and toxinology, reproduction and life history, larval modes and life habits, and geographic and bathymetric ranges of its species. We give an updated list of the 19 formally described living species and present the pitfalls of the currently poor species-level taxonomy of Polystira using case examples. We present a molecular phylogenetic analysis of 22 extant species using three mitochondrial gene fragments (COI, 12S rRNA
and 16S rRNA). This reveals undescribed species and indicates that Recent genetic clades (‘biospecies’) are consistent with finely divided conchological ‘morphospecies’. Historically, there has been a slow realisation of the high species diversity of the Polystira clade and we consider that this may be due to inadequate precision of morphological description of shells and a lack of clear homology statements. We suggest how these both might be improved. Finally, using a data compilation based on museum specimens we examine species range-size distributions and species abundance distributions for 85 of the 112 extant
western Atlantic species that we have delimited to date. Our results indicate that the majority of species are rare and have short geographic ranges; only a few are wide-ranging and abundant. This has important implications for surveys of biodiversity.

In the present study, Calliostoma melliferum sp. nov. is described from Canopus Bank, a seamount located ~190 km off Fortaleza, Ceará, northeastern Brazil, at depths of 60–260 m. Shell morphology and anatomy of the soft parts are analyzed in detail with the aid of SEM and micro-computed tomography (CT-Scan) techniques. We take the opportunity to provide thorough conchological and anatomical comparisons with similar species from the Southwestern Atlantic.

Identifying natural groups within the caenogastropod family Vermetidae has proven challenging. The sessile lifestyle of vermetids, with associated xenomorphically distorted, overgrown and corroded shells, has resulted in a long and confused taxonomic history based primarily on adult shell characters. In this study, we use morphological, anatomical and molecular data to clarify systematics and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Dendropoma s.l. We assess generic names previously used in the Dendropoma group for availability and recognize Veristoa Iredale, 1937, as a junior synonym of Dendropoma Mörch, 1861. We describe 21 species, eight of which are new, place them into four robustly supported genera (Dendropoma s.s.; Novastoa Finlay, 1926; Ceraesignum n. gen.; Cupolaconcha n. gen.), and outline the current state of knowledge of the distribution of these taxa. The genus Dendropoma s.s. is well supported in our phylogenetic analysis and is additionally supported by features of the operculum, reproductive traits and a novel mitochondrial gene order. Among the four genera, members of Dendropoma s.s. alone maintain unstalked egg capsules in the mantle cavity rather than attaching them to the shell via a slit in the female mantle. The opercula of examined species within the genus Novastoa are characterized by a well-developed mammilla on the internal surface and upright tightly packed spiral lamina on the external surface. In Ceraesignum n. gen., the operculum lacks a mammilla and displays a fingerprint-like texture on its inner surface. The genera Ceraesignum n. gen. and Novastoa form a well-supported monophyletic group with the genus Dendropoma s.s., although sister group relationships among these genera are not resolved. The fourth genus, Cupolaconcha n. gen. is more closely related to the vermetid genera Eualetes Keen, 1971a, Thylaeodus Mörch, 1860, and Petaloconchus Lea, 1843, demonstrating that Dendropoma s.l. is not a monophyletic group. The calcified operculum of Cupolaconcha n. gen. is unique in the Vermetidae and examined species in this genus are also characterized by a translocation of the valine mitochondrial tRNA. Further study will encompass the full range of morphological diversity in the Vermetidae to clarify the major lineages within this remarkable family of snails

The taxonomy of the uncoiling "worm-snails" belonging to the marine gastropod families Vermetidae, Siliquariidae and Turritellidae is notoriously confused and their nominal species frequently mixed (in the literature as well as in type specimen collections) with members of superficially similar tube-building polychaete worms or members of unrelated molluscan groups. A long history of introducing and using infrasubspecific names and the rampant employment of homonymous names for unrelated taxa had contributed to a system that became unworkable. The current catalogue researches nearly 1,500 names that have been cited in conjunction with Recent and fossil taxa worm-snail taxonomy (six names above family-group level, 18 family-group names, 195 genus-group names, 1,278 species-group names). Each name’s validity and availability (in the sense of the I.C.Z.N. Code) was investigated and current placement within or outside the mentioned worm-snail families is suggested. 560 species-group names are interpreted as available for members of the worm-snail groups here under discussion. Of these, approximately 280 species-group names are available for extant taxa. Various formal First-Reviser actions are taken to resolve priority issues. The type species for Tulaxoda Blainville, 1828 is herein designated to be Serpulorbis polyphragma Sasso, 1827, making Tulaxoda an objective junior synonym of Thylacodes Guettard, 1770. Magilus Montfort, 1810 is declared a nomen protectum over Campulotus Guettard, 1770, a nomen oblitum. Recurring nomenclatural issues and those too complex to treat within the regular catalogue entries are discussed in 22 taxa notes. The catalogue is fully referenced in 766 literature titles and eight associated literature notes.

The malacological collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (NMNZ), despite naturally focusing on New Zealand species, also includes a variety of specimens from South America. Examination of this material revealed new distributional data for several species. All Brazilian, Uruguayan and Argentinian terrestrial gastropods from the NMNZ collection were examined and reidentified (no material from Paraguay was found). The information gathered was compiled and is presented in this article, and may contain significant data for malacologists working with the region's fauna. In summary, 99 species are reported, 13 of which represent new records and meaningful increments in geographical distribution, either extending their known range or filling distributional gaps. Moreover, the NMNZ collection houses the type material of six species from Brazil and Argentina described by the New Zealand malacologist Henry Suter (1841-1918) in 1900.

Here, we present the continental aquatic and terrestrial gastropods found in samples of 11 new boreholes in the Molasse Basin, southern Germany. The samples come from the Lower Freshwater Molasse (USM), the Upper Brackish Molasse (OBM; Grimmelfingen and Kirchberg Formations) and the Upper Freshwater Molasse (OSM). The studied segments of these lithostratigraphical units represent the beginning of the lower Miocene (USM), and the uppermost lower Miocene (OBM, OSM). Twenty-four species of terrestrial and freshwater gastropods are reported here, belonging to the families Neritidae, Melanopsidae, Pachychilidae, Bithyniidae, Hydrobiidae, Truncatellidae(?), Viviparidae, Valvatidae(?), Lymnaeidae, Planorbidae, Carychiidae, Zonitidae, Helicidae, Hygromiidae and Discidae(?). We provide remarks on the taxonomy of some of the studied species, including a revision of Theodoxus cyrtocelis, T. obstusangula and T. sparsus (the latter can be considered a synonym of T. cyrtocelis). Finally, we present a paleoecological interpretation for the USM, OBM and OSM based on the gastropod fauna.

Penelitian struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos pada mikroekosistem tidepool di pantai Batu Kukumbung dilakukan pada tanggal 10-17 Mei 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos, keanekaragaman makrozoobenthos, dan kondisi lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deksriptif kuantitatif, dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survey. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memasang transek sepanjang 200 meter sejajar dengan garis pantai. Pada tiap tidepool yang mengenai transek garis, dilakukan pengamatan, pengukuran parameter fisika kimia perairan, serta pengambilan sampel benthos. Parameter fisik yang diukur antara lain luas tidepool, kedalaman tidepool, suhu air, suhu udara, intensitas cahaya, salinitas dan konduktivitas, sedangkan parameter kimia yang diukur yaitu pH dan kandungan oksigen terlarut (DO). Dilakukan analisis terhadap kelimpahan jenis, nilai penting, dominansi jenis, indeks kekayaan jenis, indeks keanekaragaman jenis, indeks dominansi makrozoobenthos, dan penutupan makroalga. Hasil pengukuran parameter fisik menunjukkan suhu air, intensitas cahaya, dan konduktivitas pada kategori tinggi yang dapat membahayakan kehidupan makrozoobenthos, sedangkan suhu udara, salinitas dan kedalaman perairan dalam kategori normal, sehingga mampu mendukung kehidupan makrozoobenthos. Nilai pH dan DO juga menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai dengan kehidupan makrozoobenthos. Dari analisis sampel, didapatkan 39 jenis makrozoobenthos dari 21 famili dan 6 kelas, dengan nilai kelimpahan tertinggi pada jenis Ophionereis dubia sebesar 0,51 individu/338 m2, nilai penting pada jenis Ophionereis dubia sebesar 43,97%, indeks kekayaan jenis sebesar 6,09, indeks keanekaragaman jenis sebesar 2,53, dan indeks dominansi sebesar 0,85. Penutupan makroalga didominasi oleh jenis Sargassum polycystum dengan penutupan 7,62%.

In this paper, we describe a non-marine mollusk fauna deriving from late middle Miocene (late Serravallian; Sarmatian) deposits of western Serbia. The assemblage encompasses a diverse land snail fauna with twenty-four species, along with four species of freshwater pulmonate gastropods and one bivalve species. While the aquatic snails are ubiquitous elements in Europe during the middle Miocene, the terrestrial gastropod fauna, consisting of both common and rare species, offers the first comprehensive insight into land snail diversity on the Balkan Peninsula during that time and permits conclusions on regional biogeography. The fauna shows high affinities to the middle Miocene faunas of central Europe and shares only few elements with western and eastern European and Anatolian assemblages. Ecologically, the freshwater mollusks point to a standing or slowing moving, probably highly vegetated, lacustrine environment. The land snails indicate the presence of humid forests around Lake Vračević, which is in line with current climatic reconstruction for the Sarmatian of southeastern Europe. ?Vertigo vracevicensis Neubauer & Harzhauser sp. nov. and Pisidium mionicense Neubauer, Harzhauser & Mandic sp. nov. are introduced as new species. Discus costatus (Gottschick, 1911) is shown to be a junior objective synonym of Discus solarioides (Sandberger, 1872). •

Specimens of the genera Mathilda and Tuba from New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands are studied, and compared with numerous other nominal mathildid species from the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Diversity is high in this region, with several species showing a much wider distribution in the lndo-Pacific than previously ascertained. Mathilda Semper, 1865 is used sensu lato, including Fimbriatella, Granulicharilda, Marhildona and Opimilda. From the study area thirteen species are diagnosed and compared, and several as yet unnamed forms that need further study are also discussed. Four new species are described, and Mathilda fusca (Okutani & Habe, 1981), previously placed in the turritellid genus Orectospira, is recognized as the largest extant member of the family Mathildidae. Tuba Lea, 1833 is also used sensu lato, including Gegania and Tubena, and is represented by two species (one described as new). Twelve Indo-Pacific species previously referred to as Mathildidae are removed from the family: Mathildona cookiana Dell, 1956 (Epitoniidae); Mathilda elegantula Angas, 1871 (Pyramidellidae ?); M. eurytima Melvill & Standen, 1896 (Cerithiidae); M. gracillima Melvill & Standen, 1901 (Capulidae); M. oppia Hedley, 1907 (Rissoidae); M. opulenta Hedley, 1907 (Cerithiidae); M. rosae Hedley, 1901 (Eulimidae); Eucharilda pleurorbis Laseron, 1951, and Opimilda protolineata Laseron, 1951 (Triphoridae); 0. porrigata Laseron, 1951 (Cerithiopsidae ?); Dunkeria pulchella A. Adams, 1860, and D. scabra A. Adams, 1860 (Epitoniidae)

The genus Hyperaulax Pilsbry, 1897 comprises two living species endemic to the oceanic Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, off northeastern Brazil. They are currently allocated in two subgenera, Hyperaulax s. str. and Bonnanius Jousseaume, 1900, belonging to the family Odontostomidae. Herein we present a taxonomic revision of these species, assessing their familiar allocation within Orthalicoidea, offering updated diagnoses and descriptions, figuring the type materials and further relevant specimens, and providing barcoding DNA sequences. We conclude that Bonnanius is a junior synonym of Hyperaulax, which is classified in Odontostomidae. The genus contains two valid species, H. ridleyi and H. ramagei, both endemic to Fernando de Noronha.