History of Fisherman

L’objectiu ha estat utilitzar el cas concret del Palamós modern per introduir-nos en l’estudi de l’associacionisme marítim i pesquer anterior a les convulsions polítiques i administratives provocades per les reformes introduïdes per la monarquia il·lustrada a partir de la segonameitat del segle XVIII. La Matrícula de Mar va capgirar radicalment la situació delsector pesquer, a banda un model associatiu extern al model confraternal devocional català que aquí presentem. La intenció és veure quina era la situació precedent, en què escaracteritzava i com encaixava l’associacionisme pesquer català en elpanorama confraternal medieval i modern: solucionar, en resum, aquestd ecalatge primigeni. Abans, però, caldria parlar breument de les bases materials, socials i culturals del sector, i molt en concret del paper, rellevantal nostre entendre, de la religió i de les institucions eclesiàstiques en totaquest procés.

From minimum dimensions at the end of the 19th century, the fishing sector of Palamos (Catalonia, NW Mediterranean Sea) has grown until becoming one of the main ports of Catalonia and an important element of identity of the town. From the first half of 20’s collectives of immigrants from different points from the Spanish Mediterranean arrived at Palamos and introduced technological improvements. It involved an important increase of catches and productivity of the sector along the century. Especially during the Dictatorship period the local fleet grew as the harbour infrastructures improved, arrived immigration from the south of Spain and routes of financing for the fishing development were well established, thanks largely to the action of the local fishermen’s “cofradia”. Nevertheless, during the last decades it has been seen more and more affected by the successive ecological, social and economic crises that suffers the Mediterranean fishing on the whole. These crises worse at loca...

Les confraries de pescadors tenen una llarga tradicio a Catalunya i Palafrugell es un observatori privilegiat per estudiar la seva evolucio historica. Des del segle XVII el " Gremi de Sant Pere" de pescadors va ser una institucio de gestio del risc dirigida a dotar d'eines per afrontar la incertesa de l'ofici, ajudar-se mutuament, impulsar serveis col·lectius i organitzar la devocio a Sant Pere. Els canvis socioeconomics de l'entorn provocaren que canvies de naturalesa i nom diverses vegades. Sa Perola, el tenyidor del gremi, centralitza la vida social de Calella, constituint un dinamic espai de socialitzacio pesquera. Avui s'ha reconvertit en centre d'interpretacio per explicar aquesta historia.

La fraude en mer : art ou nécessité ? Gens de mer de Port-en-Bessin et les règlements de la pêche au XIX e siècle — Marie-Pierre Labonne — Peti t village côtier du Calvados, au nord de Bayeux, Port-en-Bessin se niche dans une faille de la falaise côtière du Bessin. Depuis l'époque médiévale, son havre protecteur a permis le développement des activités maritimes de la pêche et du commerce. À la fin du xviii e siècle, la pêche du chalut 1 au poisson frais supplante les grandes pêches et le salage du hareng en mer du Nord. Les gens de mer de Port 2 s'y adonnent à bord de « grandes barques 3 » quillées et pontées entre les littoraux français et anglais de la Manche. À terre, cueilleurs et pêcheurs exploitent l'estran. Ils prélèvent des moules, la ressource majeure de la bande côtière du syndicat 4 , et du poisson aux cordes 5 ou aux filets.

This paper focuses on two forms of religious life in the Eastern Lake Tai Basin. In this area, the practices of small-boat fishermen known as “boatmen” (chuanshangren 船上人) and land-based residents are quite different due to gaps in the living conditions between these two groups. However, in this part of the Jiangnan 江南 region today, their religious traditions have begun to connect and interact with each other. Based on the study of local temples, this paper discusses the status of fishermen’s sacred sites within local temple networks in this region, and analyzes the diverse rites both fishermen and land residents perform in the same temple. Next, the paper explores the reciprocal relations of these two groups’ belief systems by scrutinizing the statues and portraits enshrined in their temples, and draws the tentative conclusion that fishermen are learning configurations of statues from land residents’ temples, while land residents are beginning to imitate fishermen in terms of building statues for those who die young. In addition, the paper describes how these two groups are taking part in the Eastern Lake Tai Basin’s religious revival by participating in the reconstruction and management of temples. The sources used for this paper derive from long-term investigations of several typical temples in the Eastern Tai Lake Basin, combining oral histories, local gazetteers, stele inscriptions and other documents, with the data demonstrating the different roles that fishermen and land-based residents play in preserving their religious traditions while interacting with each other.