Horizontalisme

The totalitarianism inherent in corporate structures is defined and preserved by the hierarchy, and these structures stretch far beyond for-profit, private enterprises. In an attempt to justify arbitrary positions of power, organizations often portray them as "leadership" positions, deploying corporate doublespeak like "team leaders" or "officers" in their hierarchical arrangement. The problem with this is that leadership, in any true sense, is an absolute contradiction from power; and especially from arbitrary power. The acquisition of money and idleness that becomes synonymous with climbing the ladder makes leadership roles impossible for those who fill these positions to obtain.

Les tubes sont partout ! En nous : nous sommes faits de tubes : tubes auditifs, tubes digestifs, tubes bronchiques, etc.
Et autour de nous : dans les Hauts-de-France, difficile de ne pas penser aux cheminées d’usines qui se déploient aujourd’hui encore sur tout le littoral…
Hors de nous, ce sont aussi ces tuyaux et câbles post-industriels qui nous permettent de nous brancher, de nous coupler les uns aux autres pour, potentiellement, augmenter notre capacité d’action à distance grâce à Internet (on pense notamment au site de visionnage de vidéos en ligne YouTube).
Seulement voilà, à force de « travailler à plein tube », une urgence écologique se fait jour. Dès lors, quels types d’écologies mentale, sociale et environnementale mettre en place afin de prendre soin de soi et des autres, humains comme non-humains (animaux, végétaux, minéraux, etc.) ? Comment abolir les hiérarchies locales et globales dans le régime d’interconnectivité généralisée qui est le nôtre aujourd’hui ?

Keamanan Dunia Era Horizontal Abad 21 dibangun berdasarkan asumsi-asumsi dasar ilmu Geometripolitika. Geometripolitika membagi wilayah dunia menjadi delapan dimensi, yaitu daratan, udara, laut, bawah tanah, serta empat medan Geometri atau volume, yaitu ruang hampa, galaksi, siber, dan khatulistiwa. Munculnya Keamanan Siber merupakan evolusi panjang dari dimensi keamanan yang dihasilkan oleh interaksi manusia dan siber. Saya menyebut interaksi ini sebagai aktifitas “Geometripolitik.” Keamanan Siber Antarbangsa mencerminkan: (1)Medan siber menghadirkan evolusi panjang Arsitektur Keamanan Dunia Era Horizontal Abad 21, (2)Iklim keamanan dunia adalah cenderung tidak stabil dan sangat berbahaya hal ini didorong oleh meningkatnya dua teknologi universal yaitu teknologi siber dan senjata nuklir, (3)Mesti ada kebijakan keamanan siber dunia yang efektif untuk mencegah terjadinya Perang Geometri Antarbangsa yang diawali oleh konflik siber menuju konflik nuklir. Potensi ancaman siber akan tetap ada, oleh karena itu penangulangannya adalah mutlak dipersiapkan. Konflik siber menjadi salah satu sumber pemicu peperangan universal yang dapat mengancam kelangsungan hidup peradaban manusia di Era Horizontal Abad 21. Oleh karena itu, saya menghimbau kepada masyarakat dunia agar Sistem Geometripolitik Dunia segera dibangun sebagai acuan untuk mengetahui rasionalitas, kapabilitas, dan probabilitas senjata nuklir karena berpotensi menjadi ancaman “genosida masal” terhadap kelompok ataupun rumpun manusia dari suatu bangsa dan negara Abad 21.

Kata kunci: Keamanan Siber, Era Horizontal, Geometripolitika, Keamanan Nuklir, Perang Geometri Antarbangsa

Tubes are everywhere! Inside us—we’re made of tubes: auditory, digestive, bronchial and so on and so forth.
All around us—in our Hauts-de-France Region you can hardly ignore the factory chimneys still standing up and down the coast.
Outside us—the pipes and post-industrial cables that mean we can be connected and linked up with each other, with all the potential for doing things remotely offered by the Internet (and especially online video viewing on YouTube).
But here’s the thing: all this striving not to “go down the tubes” is generating an ecological emergency. So what kinds of mental, social and environmental ecologies do we need to take proper care of ourselves and others, humans and non-humans (animals, plants, minerals, etc.)? How can we do away with local and global hierarchies within the system of overall interconnectivity that is our lot today?

This paper is concerned with essentially three things. Firstly, it will argue that horizontally structured networks are an oxymoron and, therefore, a conceptual non-sense. They are misperceived forms of cooperation or, as argued here, represent imagined networks (INs). In reality, horizontalism as a term used in both public discourse and scholarly debate either reflects ideological bias or, at best, represents a metaphorical artifact that does not measure up to the exigencies of empirical analysis. Forms of cooperation, and the real existing networks (RENs) evolving from them in the empirical world, are always more or less horizontal or, for that matter, more or less hierarchical. They are both at the same time but never represent mutually exclusive antipodes. In most general terms, networks do not necessarily call for, but simply cannot do without some form of hierarchy. Secondly, a further argument will be that such (more or less) horizontally structured RENs cannot in general be said to perform better in terms of either efficiency or in transparency and accountability than (more or less) hierarchically structured ones. Empirical performance is contingent on the forms of societal order (state, market, community) within which they emerge and on the institutional context circumscribing each of these orders. Checking these claims in terms of their soundness, a third step then consists in going beyond imagination to present empirically enriched images of RENs. The paper draws from a comparative data set on forms of territorial governance in six European regions. It will appear that RENs are much more complex than suggested by the IN literature, more often than not mesmerized by a verticalism versus horizontalism dichotomy and, moreover, that their properties may diverge dramatically from those habitually imagined and associated with them.