L’analyse du Fordisme a permis à l’école de la régulation de faire reconnaître la pertinence et la portée de ses orientations méthodologiques. D’une certaine façon, la fin ou la crise du Fordisme constitue un double défi : défi de... more
L’analyse du Fordisme a permis à l’école de la régulation de faire reconnaître la pertinence et la portée de ses orientations méthodologiques. D’une certaine façon, la fin ou la crise du Fordisme constitue un double défi : défi de renouvellement de l’apport sans doute essentiel de l’approche régulationniste d’une part, défi de l’approche et de ses principes méthodologiques par leur mise à l’épreuve pour l’interprétation des mutations en cours d’autre part.
Dans cet article nous suggérons que le nouveau mode de régulation doit être caractérisé en terme de capitalisme cognitif. Nous plaidons en faveur de l’idée que la dynamique de transformation à laquelle sont soumises les sociétés salariales se caractérise par le fait que l’accumulation porte désormais principalement sur la connaissance. Et que, dès lors, l’une des tensions essentielles procède de la volonté de contrôle des lieux et des capacités créatrices par le capital. Nous allons plus loin que les propositions habituellement formulées sur le post fordisme car nous développons l’hypothèse d’une nouvelle phase du capitalisme correspondant à l’épuisement du capitalisme industriel et à la transition vers un capitalisme cognitif. La bifurcation historique à l’origine de cette mutation majeure dans la dynamique longue du capitalisme nous invite par conséquent à réinterroger le sens et les enjeux de ce qui a probablement constitué la dernière "grande crise" du capitalisme industriel.
Cet article fut quasiment le premier à présenter et à articuler la thèse du capitalisme cognitif. Il est signé par les principaux membres du laboratoire ISYS-Matisse du Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne de l'Université de Paris 1. Rédigé en 2000, il fut présenté au Forum de la régulation à Paris en 2001. Depuis, la thèse du capitalisme cognitif a donné lieu à un très grand nombre de publications tant en France que dans bon nombre d'autres pays.
В работе исследуется формирование дисциплинарной структуры науки, рассматриваются эпистемологические, онтологические и социально-экономические аспекты ее воспроизводства. Показано, что дисциплинарная структура науки и в... more
В работе исследуется формирование дисциплинарной структуры науки, рассматриваются эпистемологические, онтологические и социально-экономические аспекты ее воспроизводства. Показано, что дисциплинарная структура науки и в эпистемологическим, и в социальном плане есть продукт эпохи Просвещения. В это время появилось представление о науке-эталоне и методе как способе нормативного (дисциплинарного) регулирования научной деятельности. Тогда же оформилась специфическая "технология" производства и распространения знания, где процесс исследования замкнут на процесс обучения, а источником компетенции ученого являются дисциплинарные знания. Сделана попытка показать, как дисциплинарный способ развития науки способствовал принятию экономикой естественнонаучного идеала и возникновению т.н. "экономического империализма". Ставится вопрос о перспективности решения эпистемческих проблем неоклассического мейнстрима путем пересмотра его методологических и философских оснований и создания альтернативных онтологий.
This research evaluates and categorizes individual characteristics and abilities that higher education researchers should possess in a knowledge economy. We examine a sample of 319 participants dedicated to the investigating processes... more
This research evaluates and categorizes individual characteristics and abilities that higher education researchers should possess in a knowledge economy. We examine a sample of 319 participants dedicated to the investigating processes from public and private higher education institutions in Puerto Rico. A multivariable analysis is used in which technical successive fractural analysis, cluster, and manova analysis were applied to explore and confirm the principle relevant factors in the abilities and skills studied. From the sample, the researchers identified two groups of students that showed significant differences in their responses and how they categorized their abilities. Student subgroup 1 viewed first-priority to be to "adjust to change, add value to society and the economy, in addition to having the ability to seek for funding to support their investigations. " Student subgroup 2 considered first-priority to "adjust to change, add value to the economy and society and become entrepreneurs. " Furthermore, this investigation found that professors considered the most relevant category to be "multidisciplinary and practical and that results should be disseminated. " They have also balance benefit to the economy and society with quality of life. JEL: A2
Despite the favourable context of the last decade, the transition to postextractivist economies grounded on alternative dynamics of accumulation has proved difficult in Latin America. As the case of Ecuador shows, macroeconomic... more
Despite the favourable context of the last decade, the transition to postextractivist economies grounded on alternative dynamics of accumulation has proved difficult in Latin America. As the case of Ecuador shows, macroeconomic imbalances and the changing global economy are threatening the scant advances accomplished and reinforcing the extractivist logic. Drawing on the postdevelopmentalist critique, this article examines Ecuador’s Yachay project to explore how a new political economy of the commons based on a transition to a knowledge economy could lead to a new pattern of economic accumulation. This model should be based on local knowledge and delinked from extractivist and financial economies, to reduce Ecuador’s social inequalities.
Free/Libre Open Sources Software (FLOSS) proposes an original way to solve the incentive dilemma for the production of information goods, based on von Hippel (1988)'s user-as-innovator principle: as users benefit from innovation, they... more
Free/Libre Open Sources Software (FLOSS) proposes an original way to solve the incentive dilemma for the production of information goods, based on von Hippel (1988)'s user-as-innovator principle: as users benefit from innovation, they have incentive to produce it, and as they can expect cumulative innovation on their own proposition, they have incentive to share it. But what is the incentive for producers when they are not the users? We discuss this question via a qualitative study of FLOSS projects in "algorithm-based industries". We find that in that case producers hardly participate in such projects.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, conventional industry has changed to a small industry based on knowledge economy. Entire industries have been replaced by industries based on computer systems, and the development of human capital... more
Since the beginning of the 21st century, conventional industry has changed to a small industry based on knowledge economy. Entire industries have been replaced by industries based on computer systems, and the development of human capital that operates the entire economy of knowledge has become a precious tool for every country. This paper analyzes the effects of academic mobility on the knowledge economy and examines the great contribution of mobility to developing countries and the world.
Understanding that the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle, khumalon, that organizes itself into a wave formation to travel through a medium, this paper shows proof of this in detail. It can only be doing this because it is traveling... more
Understanding that the magnetic phenomenon is both a particle, khumalon, that organizes itself into a wave formation to travel through a medium, this paper shows proof of this in detail. It can only be doing this because it is traveling through some medium. This paper is about observing relationships that are a result of different polarized magnetic phenomenon forced into relationships. The magnet shows it does not behave differently from other particles; when they have relationships with their "anti" particle, annihilation takes place. Two magnets will always be like a collider, but because the magnetic phenomenon is already unstable and of low energy allows us to see things otherwise difficult with particles of higher energy. Isaac Newton is truly needed in explaining this phenomenon. The magnetic phenomenon adheres to the first two laws of everything. All data can be found on figshare.com, to share.
We live in a Complex Economic system where externalities play a key role in fostering growth in complexity through increasing interdependence of interacting agents. The study tests this hypothesis for the case of Colombia. We ask whether... more
We live in a Complex Economic system where externalities play a key role in fostering growth in complexity through increasing interdependence of interacting agents. The study tests this hypothesis for the case of Colombia. We ask whether knowledge externalities lead to growth in economic complexity. If yes, which variety of knowledge externalities – MAR, Porter or Jacobs? Results from our empirical investigation uphold the MAR theories of externalities or intraindustrial externalities which are maximized with high local specialization1 and local monopoly. A pattern of convergence in economic complexity of Colombian municipalities emerges from our results, supporting Schumpeterian growth theories, which advocate that knowledge externalities drive convergence. This is in line with the recent macroeconomic trends of the Colombian economy which is suffering from “Dutch Disease” leading to a contraction in its domestic economy. We show that knowledge externalities are a mechanism through which convergence dynamics are brought about and fostered in the domestic economy.
This paper aims to analyze the factors that influence research investment in the Mediterranean region. We used a robust fixed effects model to analysis a panel of 22 countries for the period 2000-2012. The results showed that the FDI, the... more
This paper aims to analyze the factors that influence research investment in the Mediterranean region. We used a robust fixed effects model to analysis a panel of 22 countries for the period 2000-2012. The results showed that the FDI, the high technology export, the human capital devoted to research, intermediate and final production sectors, are significant and stimulate the Southern innovative capacity. The private R&D is a substitution to public R&D. The private returns exceed its social returns to R&D since Southern governments don’t invest too much like private firms in the innovative activities. The role of foreign institutions and international organizations is almost nonexistent in financing the southern research investments. The salaries don’t motivate the researchers and Scientifics since it has a negative effect on the R&D. The imports, the active population, the inflation, the technology infrastructure, the patent production have no effective contributions to the investment in the R&D in the Southern Mediterranean countries.
