Kysuce

Despite the fact that rafting in the Kysuce region is now a forgotten concept, in the past it played an important role in the local economy as the secondary employment of local inhabitants. Based on preserved archive material, this study attempts to partially reconstruct the question of both rafting and the closely related logging trade as well as the extraction of timber itself during the first half of the nineteenth century. As well as clarifying the ownership rights to the logged timber, the study also deals with explaining the process of the logging and the subsequent movement of the wood towards the rivers. It then provides details specific to Kysuce rafting itself and explains why it can be identified as such. The study also provides information both on the transport of wood on rafts, and its methods of storage during transport. From the numerous court cases involving rafters themselves, or wood traders, the study then provides detailed information on the various difficulties encountered by their profession. From these, mainly individual, stories, one can conjure up a more realistic picture of this sphere of economic life for the population of Kysuce during the first half of the nineteenth century.

Zbojníctvo bolo i v období končiaceho feudalizmu v oblasti Kysúc
značným problémom, ktorý trápil obyvateľstvo, panskú správu i stoličné
úradníctvo. Skutoční zbojníci mali veľmi ďaleko od romantických predstáv
dnešnej doby. Boli to kriminálne živly, vojenskí dezertéri a všetkého
schopní hladom trpiaci obyvatelia, ktorí boli na takéto chodníčky donútení
beznádejnou núdzou. Hlavne prvé dve skupiny boli schopné za účelom získania
obživy a finančného profitu spáchať aj ťažké zločiny, vrátane vrážd.
Prirodzenou bola teda snaha stoličných úradov, panstiev a majoritnej časti
obyvateľstva brániť sa organizovaním hromadných lapačiek, ktorými sa
usilovali svoje okolie tejto nákazy aspoň na istý čas zbaviť. Bolo to dôležité
hlavne kvôli bezpečnosti pocestných, bezproblémovej preprave rôznych
finančných dávok a v neposlednom rade, z pohľadu chudobného obyvateľstva,
kvôli ochrane súkromného majetku, dobytka a poľnohospodárskych
plodín. Ako je zo štúdie zrejmé, v oblasti Kysúc teda nebol cieľom väčšiny
zbojníkov protifeudálny boj. Ich pohnútky k zbojníckym chodníčkom boli
rozličné, avšak zámer jednotný – získať korisť a podľa možnosti čo najdlhšie
odolať snahám o vlastné dolapenie.

Sealing and seals played an important role in medieval public and private life. The aim of this study is not only to analyse the seal of Veľká Divina parish and the seals of villages in its administration, but also to make a short excursus on the historical development of these settlements. We have drawn the information related to this paper from manuscripts deposited in the archives of the Roman Catholic parsonage in Divina, urbarium land reallotment documents, cadastral register of the Cadastral Office in Žilina, and cadastral records of Trenčín County of the Central Geodetic and Cartographic Archive in Bratislava.

Josef Macůrek (1901–1992) and his contribution to the knowledge of Moravia-Silesia-Kysuce border history
Josef Macůrek born on the 31st March 1901, in the East-Moravian village of Chomyz, devoted his entire professional life to researching of East-Europe history. He published the quantity of studies and monographs in the areas of Romania, Hungary and Poland on the basis of a detailed study of archival source from thirties of 20th century. Wide interest in Wallachian colonization brought him into the site on the border of northeastern Moravia, southern Silesia and northwestern Slovakia. He devoted more than three dozen titles to the settlement of the ends of the Habsburg monarchy by nomadic population newcomers of the eastern Carpatian, its expansion from the beginning of the 16th century, new ethnic characteristics, life style and other concepts of production.