Liberal Arts and Sciences

This chapter reviews the links between new skills demands, higher education curriculum developments, and the growing interest in liberal arts and science education in various parts of the world. It assesses the value of a liberal arts and sciences model in respect of the changing skills demand from the labour market, the need to (re-)connect various knowledge domains that transcend the traditional disciplines and thus consider curriculum reform, and the link with trends and reforms in secondary education. Liberal arts and sciences programmes can be seen as a possibly powerful response to global demands and challenges which many countries are facing.

Three Latin versions of the Hippocratic Oath are displayed in parallel: those of Nicolas of Regium (1380), Anuce Foës (1595), and Albrecht de Haller (1771).  This paper may serve as a useful handout for Latin composition while introducing an essential text of world-historical significance into the curriculum.

Debates about higher education’s purpose have long been polarized between specialized
preparation for specific vocations and a broad, general knowledge foundation
known as liberal education. Excluding the United States, specialized curricula have
been the dominant global norm. Yet, quite surprisingly given this enduring trend, liberal
education has new salience in higher education worldwide. This discussion presents
liberal education’s non-Western, Western, and U.S. historical roots as a backdrop
for discussing its contemporary global resurgence. Analysis from the Global Liberal
Education Inventory provides an overview of liberal education’s renewed presence in
each of the regions and speculation about its future development.

An introduction to the history and ideals of Liberal Arts education, with an explanation of Benedictine College's core requirements deliver that education. Written for incoming students in Benedictine's "First Year Experience" course. (August, 2018)

How can the liberal arts enable students to navigate and counter social worlds shaped by disinformation and fracture? Liberal Arts in a Future Tense is a call to design institutionally agile liberal arts ecosystems in which individual flourishing and collective well-being are creatively enabled by commitments to the social good. For the illustrated, digital report see: uchri.org/liberalarts/

We have arrived at the last chapters of the greatest novel of all time. Any serious student of the early modern novel, or of the history of the novel form generally, must account for the final passages of Cervantes's masterpiece. Race and the Morisco problem are again present, but the definitive cure of Don Quijote's insanity is fundamental as well.

How is a “just war” defined? Don Quijote appeals to reason, saying that none of the five reasons for taking up arms apply in this case. He goes even further, appealing to Christian morality, in particular, Matthew 5.44, which Cervantes cited in Latin in the prologue to part one: “taking unjust revenge, for there’s no such thing as just revenge, goes directly against the holy law that we profess, according to which we are commanded to do good to our enemies and to love those who hate us.”

Keynote address at a Pacific Rim literature conference, U of Alaska, Anchorage, 30 March 2007, responding to an invitation to comment on "the relevance of the humanities to universal human experience" and specifically on "how the Western canon should be defined for and/or defended against cultures outside the Western tradition."

Looks at canon formation as a necessary activity and a necessarily political activity. Argues in support of the *liberal* as liberating arts and sciences and supports study in the humanities from the point of view of someone who has taught courses in propaganda, satire, and "Massacres" and has strong qualms about the human species and reservations about many uses of the word "universal."

Chapters fifty-four and fifty-five of part two of _Don Quijote_ are crucial to understanding Cervantes’s art of the novel. Here, more than anywhere else, our author combines two symbols: 1) the ass as the mistreated human beings of Apuleius’s anti-slavery picaresque _The Golden Ass_; and 2) the cave as the state of unenlightened philosophical ignorance in the political allegory of Plato’s _Republic_.

The very first image to have been recorded in writing was a portrait. This was not just any portrait, though, but the likeness of the handsome youth Narcissus, who, having seen his reflection in the water, became so mesmerized by his own looks as to be unable to leave the place of self-worship until he metamorphosed into a flower. It therefore should come as no surprise that this branch of visual expression has remained wedded with the notion of self-love ever since.
The term portrait is perhaps best explained as an image in which the artist is engaged with the personality of the sitter and is preoccupied with his or her characterization as an individual. This ideal was closely connected with producing a correct likeness, i.e. an accurate imitation of things seen. Apart from this, however, the painter was often expected to also flatter the sitter’s looks, which ultimately meant that the artist would have to find a way to steer safely between the Scylla of naturalism and the Charybdis of over-idealization in order to get remunerated for the commission.
Its difficult pedigree, which was entwined with naturalism and self-love right from the start, ensured portraiture’s low position on the hierarchical ladder of artistic genres. Art theorists sneered at painters who specialized in this branch, for they followed their sitters’ caprices and hence preferred money to art.
Another equally as burning an issue was the problem of fashion. Exorbitantly expensive apparel was of great importance to many sitters, because it demonstrated status and affluence. The costliest gown did not necessarily mean the most appropriate one, or, that all that glitz and glamour would not fall out of fashion and look downright ridiculous the next day.
Addressing the problems of naturalism and fashion as the point of departure, this paper is going to trace a fascinating history of portraiture from the so-called inventor of painting, Narcissus, through its apogee in the Dutch Golden Age, to the invention and advent of photography and its “afterlife” on social media. It will examine to what extent the main characteristics of the branch have changed, to eventually establish what exactly Instagram influencers of all stripes may want to learn from history.

Was es bedeutet, das Studium Individuale zu studieren, begleitet vom Hin‐und‐Hergeworfen‐Werden zwischen Selbstfindung und Selbstoptimierung: "Indi sein, das ist wie das Nutzen einer Schrittzähler‐App im Smartphone während der Weltreise auf der Suche nach sich selbst".

As festivities prior to the ceremony begin, Don Quijote overhears praise for Quiteria: “the most beautiful woman in the world.” He is, of course, offended, but he wisely keeps his objection to himself: “It would seem that these people have never seen my Dulcinea of Toboso.”

Resumo: O tratado Speculum Musicae escrito pelo Magister Jacobus (c. 1260-c. 1340) apresenta uma perspectiva da música conforme a qual ela estaria epistemologicamente posicionada em todas as áreas do saber, sendo ao mesmo tempo ciência especulativa e prática, arte liberal e servil. Em nosso artigo temos o objetivo de mostrar como Jacobus elaborou essa concepção ao desenvolver e expandir o arcabouço teórico musical (herdado da antiguidade clássica e dos tratadistas musicais medievais anteriores a ele) sob as bases do aristotelismo latino e escolástico do século XIII.

Palavras-chave: Speculum Musicae, artes liberais, quadrivium, musica speculativa, música medieval.

Resumen: El tratado Speculum Musicae escrito por Magister Jacobus (c. 1260-c. 1340) presenta una perspectiva de la música según la cual ella se posicionaría epistemológicamente en todas las áreas del conocimiento, siendo tanto ciencia especulativa como práctica, arte liberal y servil. En nuestro artículo, nuestro objetivo es mostrar cómo Jacobus elaboró esta concepción desarrollando y expandiendo el marco musical teórico (heredado de la antigüedad clásica y los tratados musicales medievales anteriores) bajo los cimientos del aristotelismo latino y escolástico del siglo XIII.

Palabras claves: Speculum Musicae, artes liberales, quadrivium, musica speculativa, música medieval.

Abstract: The treatise Speculum Musicae written by Magister Jacobus (c. 1260-c. 1340) brings forward a perspective of music according to which it would be epistemologically positioned in all areas of knowledge, being both a speculative, a practical science and a liberal and servile art. In our article we aim to show how Jacobus elaborated this conception by developing and expanding the theoretical musical framework (inherited from classical antiquity and medieval musical treatises prior to it) under the foundations of 13th century Latin and Scholastic Aristotelianism.

Keywords: Speculum Musicae, liberal arts, quadrivium, speculative music, medieval music.

Princely advice dominates these chapters. Multiple sources inform Don Quijote's speech, among them Isocrates, Aesop, and Erasmus. But notice that the main theme is that Sancho Panza should remain humble by remembering his base origins. The hidalgo wants to repress the squire’s ethnic pride.

The focus on beards parallels the focus on social tensions because taking hold of a man’s beard was a serious offense in the medieval and early modern periods. But the intervening focus on Dulcinea suggests that beards are also phallic symbols of masculine potency as per Freud.

In chapter thirty our heroes meet the Duke and Duchess, two major characters who will remain unnamed throughout the remainder of part two. This brief but highly symbolic chapter has serious implications for feminist readings of _Don Quijote_. It also develops further the links between the text of 1605 and that of 1615. The Duke and Duchess state clearly that they have read the first part and the narrator informs us that they plan on having fun with knight and squire.

The present thesis concerns one of the main challenges in arts management: the tension between arts and its business. The research question the study addresses is: How is the presumed conflict/contradiction between art and (its) business managed in practice? This question is explored by means of a literature review and ten qualitative interviews with art professionals. Finally, the main findings amass constitute a proposal for an arts managerial model. The conclusion is that arts managers should function as if on a bridge. They should link between the different comfort zones of the arts, its business and the public. To manage the tension between arts and its business successfully, arts managers should most highly value the organizational mission of bringing art to the public.

As evening approaches, Don Quijote worries that Clavileño's absence indicates that he might not be the knight designated for this adventure. But the wooden horse is finally deposited in the garden by four savages, recalling the theatrical representations at Camacho’s wedding.

Liberal arts and science (LAS) education in China is at a pivotal moment. In the last decade, Mainland China and Hong Kong have witnessed significant growth in university programs that emphasize liberal education, a holistic education philosophy that prepares lifelong learners with broad, integrated knowledge and a sense of social responsibility. That growth has happened both within Chinese higher education and as part of new joint ventures between Chinese and Western universities. It is a stark contrast to the traditional, utilitarian Chinese curricula that focus more narrowly on developing students for a singular profession. This article summarizes the recommendations developed at a June 2017 meeting of twenty-five university leaders and scholars from Canada, Hong Kong, Mainland China, Singapore, and the United States met at Duke Kunshan University (DKU). They met in Jiangsu Province to examine obstacles and opportunities for LAS. In addition to the recommendations below, meeting participants concluded that if China can expand its LAS programs in innovative and culturally relevant ways, it is poised to influence LAS education beyond its borders.

El capítulo cuarenta y ocho de la segunda parte de _Don Quijote_ cuenta el encuentro absurdo pero intenso entre dos de los personajes más viejos de la novela: Don Quijote y doña Rodríguez. Percibimos un aumento de la presencia femenina. Al igual que en Sierra Morena en la primera parte de _Don Quijote_, las acciones y deseos de las mujeres predominan en Aragón, lo que sirve de preludio a los papeles de Teresa, Altisidora, Ana Félix y Claudia Jerónima en la segunda mitad de la segunda parte.

Missed Opportunity: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam declined participation in new University College Haarlem.  -  The Haarlem foundation 'Panopticon' (http://opendekoepel.nl/) took the initiative to start a University College for Liberal Arts and Sciences in Haarlem. The Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam was asked to back this in order to get official recognition as institution for Academic Education. Although the proposal was attractive (Panopticon assumed the financial risk and a VU-Panopticon committee made an attractive programme), the VU suddenly retreated after seven months of working on the project. In my view a missed opportunity to set foot in the neighbouring city of Haarlem.

The mysterious Cave of Montesinos offers contrasts between high chivalric rhetoric and lowly details. These also underwrite Cervantes’s ongoing contrast between the modern world of money and the outmoded world of chivalric fantasy, as well as that between our material world and metaphysical places like Purgatory and Heaven. Is the Cave of Montesinos Hell or just everyday life? And do enchanted people or spirits really need loans?

This study was an investigation of the study habits exhibited by forty-one (41) Grade 8 students in learning the English language and of the attitude toward Facebook use and level of Facebook usage among forty-two (42) First Year Bachelor of Arts in English Language Studies (ABELS) students. The first set of respondents answered a survey questionnaire adopted from Retes and Salapang (2013) regarding study habits. The second set of respondents answered a survey questionnaire adopted from Galado (2012) regarding attitude toward Facebook use and level of Facebook usage. The study followed a descriptive survey design. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. T-test, F-test, and Spearman's r correlation were also employed to compare various variables. Regarding Grade 8 students' study habits according to their study techniques, results showed that many of the respondents always practice taking down notes during their teacher's discussion, and they love to study than making unnecessary things because they know that studying is more important than spending in nonsense things. However, results showed that there is no significant difference in the respondents' Study Habits when grouped according to Learning Styles. This implies that although one's Learning Style is innate of an individual, and Time Management and Study Techniques are exclusive in a person, the students have basically the same Learning Styles as to how they respond to the kind of lessons presented by their teacher. Results further showed that there are significant differences in Study Habits in the aspects of Time Management and Study Techniques when grouped according to Teacher's Personality. This result implies that students always get attracted to teachers with good personalities and characteristics which lead to better communication and minimize intimidation, thus facilitating the learners to be interested in the lessons presented. On the other hand, with regards to the students' Facebook use, findings revealed that respondents differed in their attitude toward Facebook use depending upon the attitude items indicated in the survey. Findings further revealed that the respondents are not so addicted in Facebook usage thinking that this might affect their studies. Consequently, there is a positive but weak correlation between the respondents' attitude toward Facebook use and their level of Facebook usage which implies that if respondents have high level of attitude toward Facebook use, he or she tends to find it useful on a daily basis but not to the extent of being addicted to Facebook. The outcomes of this research can greatly add knowledge of the online literacy of the students to check the exposure status since it is understandable that Facebook has potential effects to students.

O tratado Speculum Musicae do Magister Jacobus de Ispania (ou Jacobus Leodiensis) não recebeu a devida visibilidade nas instituições de ensino e de investigação intelectual tanto de sua época quanto posteriormente. A partir da segunda metade do século XX o tratado foi gradualmente ganhando maior visibilidade e nos últimos anos tem recebido por parte de diversos estudiosos um maior esforço de investigação. A presente dissertação visa expor o contexto filosófico e teológico desse tratado, investigando os seus principais conceitos norteadores a partir de uma leitura dos primeiros capítulos do seu primeiro livro. A partir da exposição dessas concepções fundamentais, buscamos então esclarecer algumas das questões mais fundamentais a respeito da musica speculativa, a saber, sua função no programa das artes liberais, sua concepção enquanto ciência e sua relação com a teologia sagrada.

The liberal arts have been a crucial component of higher education since the very foundation of the university and our disciplines are unquestionably essential to society; however, we can no longer rely solely on these truths if we hope to remain valued contributors to knowledge or culture.  We must accept the challenges with which we have been presented and move beyond the status quo to actively connect the dots between the instrumental value of the transferable competencies we impart to our students and a society that no longer views higher education as an end unto itself.  The world has changed, even within the university, and it is time for us to examine these new expectations and to consider how we can best adapt in order to keep pace with these social and academic transformations.

Since the 2003 call by the Institute of Medicine to educate undergraduates in public health, various models have emerged for incorporating public health into the liberal arts and sciences. One model is a professionalized public health major that uses core public health competencies to prepare a workforce of health professionals. A second model offers a broad-based public health major rooted in liberal arts principles, resisting the utilitarian trend toward human capital formation. A third model resists even the label of " public health, " preferring instead to introduce undergraduates to many ways of analyzing human health and healing. The multidisciplinary Culture, Health, and Science Program, based on six key commitments for preparing liberal arts students to analyze health and respond to global health challenges, is offered as an alternative to the public health major.

The Duke and Duchess offer our heroes hunting outfits. Don Quijote refuses, but Sancho Panza accepts a tunic made of fine green cloth for selfish reasons: “intending to sell it at the first opportunity he could.” Note how Sancho’s green outfit recalls that of the moderate hidalgo Diego de Miranda, although the squire’s greediness and cowardice are contrastive.

This paper begins by discussing the liberal arts in a cultural context.  It follows with a discussion of the liberal arts at North Park University and examines the field of education and its relationship to the liberal arts. Although I consider the natural sciences as part of the liberal arts I cannot speak for them since I feel I do not have a sufficient background to do so.  I feel the same about the fine arts and economics even though I consider these fields to be part of the liberal arts.  I later discuss why I think the Liberal Arts are important to North Park University and how this type of education is important to all students. In my final section I conclude with the importance of books.  This last section may feel a bit disjointed from the rest of this paper, but I felt it was important to discuss the importance of books and reading since they both play an important role in a liberal arts education.

The Knight of the Mirrors is literally a reflection of Don Quijote, and so Don Quijote is forced to insist repeatedly that he exists, that he is who he is. Also, the encounters between knights and squires anticipate future episodes: Sancho will get drunk again with one of his neighbors; and Don Quijote will do battle again with Carrasco.

В статье рассматриваются институциональные критерии демаркации философии и науки, привлекаясь для датировки институционального формирования науки и ее выделения из структуры философии. В качестве одного из основных критериев рассматривается появление в структуре европейских университетов самостоятельных факультетов естественных и гуманитарных наук. Рассматривается вопрос о связи процессов институциализации науки с развитием промышленного производства и длинными волнами технологического развития (кондратьевскими циклами). / The article discusses the institutional criteria for demarcation between philosophy and science, using for dating the institutional development of science and its separation from the structure of philosophy. As one of the main criteria, the appearance in the structure of European universities the faculties of natural sciences and humanities stood apart from philosophical ones is considered. The article examines the issue of correlation between processes of institutionalization of science, processes of development of industrial production and long waves of technological development (Kondratieff cycles).

With increased scrutiny over the value and promise of higher education, liberal arts degrees face criticism, in favor of professional degrees like business that position students for a linear career path to lucrative work. Research for this article is based on 20 interviews with college students majoring in Arts and Sciences, who completed a summer program to obtain a business minor. Our findings demonstrate that participants talk about the business minor as a key factor in 'selling themselves' to potential employers by (1) highlighting the discipline required to complete the program, (2) acting as a conversation starter with potential employees, and (3) emphasizing the broad applicability of a business minor. Implications demonstrate the power of professionalism to render specialized knowledge (like business knowledge) insignificant while offering an extension of Williams' ideal-worker norm to young people.