Lubricant

We present experimental results and tentative explanations for the origin of sharkskin in extrusion of polyolefins with narrow molecular weight distribution as well as plausible mechanisms of sharkskin suppression by the use of viscoelastic Polymer Processing Additives (PPA). Novel PPAs are proposed. The novel PPAs are composed of esters of oxoacids of Boron and Phosphorus and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) with molecular weights from 1000 to 10,000 Da, and optionally contain silanols and a thickening agent. In contrast to conventional PPAs made from fluorinated polymers and siloxanes, the novel PPAs are hydrophilic and they can be made from cheap and FDA-compliant components.

The effects of type and amount of solvent on lubricant which is used in disposable medical devices are investigated in this article. Two kinds of common solvent, n-Hexane and n-Heptane, are used. The mechanical behavior of syringe has shown that n-Heptane has better mixing ratio and also more effective spray process in the barrel of syringe than n-Hexane because of similar solubility parameter to silicon oil. The results revealed that movement of plunger in the barrel increases when pure silicone is used because non-uniform film is created on the surface of barrel, and also, it seems that the form of silicon is converted from oil to gel due to sterilization process. The results showed that the convenient mixing ratio of solvent/lubricant oil is 80/20.

Background: Sudden loss of airway in patients in the lateral position has always been proven to be difficult to manage with conventional laryngoscopy. We performed a randomized controlled trial to prove the success rate of ventilation and intubation in the lateral position via intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA). Methods: Ninety patients were divided into three groups of 30 patients each, positioned supine, right lateral, and left lateral randomly. Each group comprised of both sexes of American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II, aged be-tween 18-55 years with normal airway posted for surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were pre-medicated with fentanyl followed by induction with propofol and neuromuscular blockade with rocuronium. ILMA was inserted and blind tracheal intubation via ILMA was done. The success rate, time taken and the number of adjusting maneuvers used for both procedures were recorded. The data was tabulated and analyzed using ANOVA (analysis of v...

As the petroleum fraction’s demand increasing day by day in case of lubricating the parts of machinery. This also increase the problem of disposal of waste lubricant that may contaminate the soil and water environment and the depletion of petroleum reserve also brought the interest of researchers toward developing the lubricants that should be environmental friendly and also obtained from the source that should be in bulk quantity and easily obtainable. In this regards, vegetable oil is selected to be used as lubricant because it has some competent properties like higher flash point, fire point, viscosity index and the Tribological properties are better than the mineral oil based lubricant. Like Tribological properties of soybean oil with the different proportion of ZDDP is investigated and compared with mineral oil, results show that less wear and tear is observed. Similarly, the physical properties of jatropha oil was compared with the engine oil and hydraulic oil. The results show that the jatropha oil has less coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter than the engine oil and can be used as engine oil with the improvement in its viscosity. along with soybean and jatropha oil, anti-wear properties of the karanja oil blended with benzoic acid and ZDDP separately investigated and results showed that karanja oil can also be used as lubricant instead of mineral based lubricant. But karanja oil has drawback of high pour point than the mineral oil which is modified by using the polymethacrylate as a pour point depressant and lower the pour point from 1oC to -11oC with the addition of 1% in karanja oil. Overall results about vegetable oil show that vegetable oil modified with different chemical can be used as a lubricant in the industry with relatively low priced than the available lubricants in the market. These vegetable oil might be extracted in the Asian countries in a bulk quantity.

Since the past years various manufacturing operations which includes the machining of metals uses various types of collants and lubricants which are composed of chemicals and other polluants factors. This collants and lubricants which are used, very dangerous and hazardous to the nature and human. This operations includes manufacturing operations like turning, milling, drilling, forming and grinding, forming, sheet métal operations etc. heat generated in the cutting zone results into bad work piece quality and more tool wear. Hence there is need to find and use the alternative coolants and lubricants which will reduce the hazards machining cost and other cost and, factors. In this paper boric acid is mixed with different oils coconut oil, soluble oil and potassium chloride and this mixture is used as cutting fluid and experimentation was done and performance was calculated and results are compared with the conventional and cutting oil without boric acid. Based on the experimental data we can say that boric acid and coconut oil showed that using better performance. New coolants potassium chloride is used in this project that gives more weightage.