Malá Haná

In 2005–2016 a number of isolated metal finds of medieval and early modern date ended up in collections of various museums in eastern Bohemia and in the Bohemian-Moravian borderland. These especially include militaria, equestrian equipment, but other find categories are present as well. The objects have different evidential value, but in a number of cases, they represent valuable sources of knowledge about areas which are archaeologically still little known. Bohemian-Moravian borderland – Middle Ages – metal objects Úvod Od r. 2005 (po obsazení archeologického pracoviště v Regionálním muzeu ve Vysokém Mýtě) zde byla věnována značná pozornost problematice používání i zneužívání detekto-rů kovů. V této souvislosti tu byly přebírány náhodné nálezy učiněné s detektory kovů, později řadu nálezů poskytli spolupracovníci uvedené instituce, na řadě lokalit pak pro-váděl cílený detektorový průzkum archeolog Regionálního muzea ve Vysokém Mýtě za účasti spolupracovníků. Vedle kolekcí z nejrůznějších lokalit, které byly a jsou postupně předmětem prezentace v odborném tisku, docházelo rovněž k ojedinělým nálezům vrchol-ně středověkých artefaktů a artefaktů ze staršího novověku. I když jejich vypovídací hod-nota je značně nižší, protože nepochází z intaktních archeologických situací v rámci stan-dardních výzkumů či z větších nálezových kolekcí, které by usnadnily interpretaci, i tyto předměty si nepochybně zaslouží bližší pozornost. Jejich zveřejnění (mimo numismatické nálezy) je úkolem následujících řádků. 1 1 Příspěvek byl vypracován v rámci programu aplikovaného výzkumu a vývoje národní a kulturní identity (NAKI II) č. DG16P02R031 (Moravské křižovatky).

In 2005–2016, a metal detector was used to obtain an assemblage of La Tène metal artefacts in the geomor-phologically defined region of Malá Haná on the border of eastern Bohemia and southwestern Moravia. The artefacts establish that settlement of the area began at the latest in LT B2. Occupying a prominent position among finds of local provenance are artefacts connected to the industrial and trade centre in Němčice nad Hanou. A 'Kronenhalsring' (crown-shaped neck-ring) comes from the environment of the Jastorf culture. A cast bronze fibula and spear butt made according to a Greek model are of southeastern origin.

In 2013–2014 a collection of metal objects originating from various sites in Moravia and in the eastern half of Bohemia
was handed over to the Regional museum in Vysoké Mýto. The only artefact which can be securely da -
ted to prehistory is a club-shaped head of a bronze pin. The other objects date back to the Middle Ages and the
Modern Period. No certain information is available about the origin of this collection, but if we sum up the
available facts (exclusively metal objects, originating from fortified manors, castles, hillforts or their surroundings),
it is most probably a collection created with the help of a metal detector.
Some tools which are only rarely represented in museum collections (such as a scythe from Potštejn) may
be of more interest. The same is true for militaria – especially the finds of fragments of iron gun barrels and a
lead projectile from Velký Vřešťov are interesting. Although these objects were found in the immediate vicinity
of a prehistoric hillfort, it is beyond doubt that they are related to a siege camp established near the castle in
1467. In their majority, these are trivial objects which would only be of some indicative value if they were discovered
during a systematically led excavation including appropriate documentation.

Two hoards of bronze industry were discovered during a metal detector survey and documented near Městečko Trnávka (Svitavy district, Pardubice region). Hoard 1 contained two axes with a socket and eight sickles, whereas hoard 2 contained two ring ornaments. A conspicuous high point composed of a weathered rocky outcrop situated on a prominent landmark was chosen as the deposition site by Late Bronze Age man.

Surface prospecting in the Malá Haná region yielded finds of pottery and a small series of metal objects. In accord with written sources, it confirmed human presence in the 11th–13th century. The extent of settlement in the 11th–12th century copied the situation from the Middle Hillfort period; the settlement area was only expanded in the 13th century.

The article is dedicated to the personality of PhMr. František Lipka (3. 8. 1863 – 24. 12. 1917). This significant regional scientist dealt with folk architecture of Malá Haná, but also with archaeology and he contributed to the understanding of the earliest history of several municipalities in the district of Blansko. To a significant extend he promoted preservation of many of cultural monuments in the region, which he acquired for the Museum of Boskovice district as one its co-founders.

Small hoard of the Prague grossi from Jevíčko, Jevíčko-předměstí cadastral community (Svitavy district). In the article, a small group of five Prague grossi struck under Wenceslas IV is presented. The hoard was found via metal detecting activities near Jevíčko (Svitavy district).