Markov Analysis

The development of the enrollment forecast was done using three models: the logit model (for demographic profile), the percentage, base and rate concepts (for price), and Markov analysis (for quality and convenience). The variables and the relationships among them were analyzed using the models. Enrollment forecast, based from the mathematical models, revealed that males are less likely to attend school by 23% than females. As they grow older the likelihood of attending school also decreases by 57.5%. With regards to age, results of the study shows that for every one year increase in the age, the likelihood of attending school decreases by 27.5%, and it even decreases further by 57 percent as they grow older. In terms of per capita income and remittance, as their values increases the probability/likelihood to pay tuition fee higher than the suggested tuition fee of the region (P29,579.00) increases.

The Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) play main role in the safety industry. For every SIF there is safety integrity requirement which is described by the Safety Integrity Level. The SIL value of a SIF mainly determined by the failure rates of the components of a SIF and the proof testing. This paper briefly describes the proof testing, and discusses the problems of classical implementation of proof testing. The goal of this article is to propose a new model for dangerous undetected faulires and investigate how this model influences the proof testing strategy.

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels play critical roles in cell signaling by coupling various environmental factors to changes in membrane potential that modulate calcium influx. TRP channels are typically activated in a polymodal manner, thus integrating multiple stimuli. Although much progress has been made, the underlying mechanisms of TRP channel activation are largely unknown. The TRPM8 cation channel has been extensively investigated as a major neuronal cold sensor but is also activated by voltage, calcium store depletion, and some lipids as well as by compounds that produce cooling sensations, such as menthol or icilin. Several models of TRPM8 activation have been proposed to explain the interaction between these diverse stimuli. However, a kinetic scheme is not yet available that can describe the detailed single-channel kinetics to gain further insight into the underlying gating mechanism. To work toward this goal, we investigated voltage-dependent single-channel gat...

Effective spectrum sensing strategies enable cognitive radios to enhance the spectrum efficiency. In this paper, modeling, performance analysis, and optimization of spectrum handoff in a centralized cognitive radio network are studied. More specifically, for a given sensing order, the average throughput of secondary users and average interference level among the secondary and primary users are evaluated for a cognitive radio network with only one secondary user. By a Markov chain analysis, a network with multiple secondary users performing cooperative spectrum sensing is modeled, and the above performance metrics are derived. Then, a maximization of the secondary network performance in terms of throughput while keeping under control the average interference is formulated. Finally, numerical results validate the analytical derivations and show that optimally tuning sensing time significantly enhances the performance of the spectrum handoff. Also, we observe that exploiting OR rule for cooperative spectrum sensing provides a higher average throughput compared to AND rule.

Abstract The application of pod propulsion in a number of vessel types has been increasing steadily over the last two decades. This increase is attributed to the great advantages being offered by pod propulsion systems such as high manoeuvring capability, low noise and ...

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels play critical roles in cell signaling by coupling various environmental factors to changes in membrane potential that modulate calcium influx. TRP channels are typically activated in a polymodal manner, thus integrating multiple stimuli. Although much progress has been made, the underlying mechanisms of TRP channel activation are largely unknown. The TRPM8 cation channel has been extensively investigated as a major neuronal cold sensor but is also activated by voltage, calcium store depletion, and some lipids as well as by compounds that produce cooling sensations, such as menthol or icilin. Several models of TRPM8 activation have been proposed to explain the interaction between these diverse stimuli. However, a kinetic scheme is not yet available that can describe the detailed single-channel kinetics to gain further insight into the underlying gating mechanism. To work toward this goal, we investigated voltage-dependent single-channel gat...

Purpose – With every passing day, the center of gravity for air traffic for the Middle East and Turkey is
shifting toward becoming a center for airway transport, maintenance, repair, overhaul (MRO) and transfer. The MRO sector is gaining importance because of this increase in Turkey. The purpose of this study is to examine the future employability of the graduates receiving civil aviation maintenance training in Turkey.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses past seven years’ data about maintenance personnel of Turkey. It includes all-level students, recently working personnel and retired personnel of each year. Regression analysis and Markov analysis were used to show the prediction of aviation maintenance personnel.

Findings – The paper provides quantitative results about employability of maintenance personnel under the real numbers of alumni and working and retired personnel in Turkey. The results show that the number of graduates will be greater than the number of staff members in certifying categories in 2018. Presently, Turkey meets the employment expected, but in the future, aviation maintenance personnel number is rising, and there will be an excess number of graduates left over in Turkey.

Research limitations/implications – Because of the chosen region, Turkey, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to conduct analysis for other countries which have an important role in aviation.

Practical implications – The paper includes implications for the government maintenance personnel policy and educational policy for managing all types of maintenance personnel in Turkey.

Originality/value – This kind of personnel needs analysis has not been done before, and this is the originality of this paper. It will in turn lead to an analysis of planning for allocation of maintenance staff and alumni. The authors collected all official numbers about maintenance personnel from Turkish Student Selection and Placement Center of Turkey, Turkish Technic and Turkish Civil Aviation Reports.

In the self-stabilizing algorithmic paradigm for distributed computing each node has only a local view of the system, yet in a finite amount of time the system converges to a global state, satisfying some desired property. In a graph G = (V, E), a subset SV is a 2-packing if 8u 2 V : |N(u) \ S| � 1. In this paper we present an ID-based, self- stabilizing algorithm for finding a maximal 2-packing, a non-local prop- erty, in an arbitrary graph. We also show how to use Markov analysis to analyse the behaviour of a non-ID-based version of the algorithm.