Because this is a collection of papers by different authors, quality and style vary from chapter to chapter, but there are few wasted words, and hardly a sentence without a kernel idea worth taking the time to understand. On the other... more
Because this is a collection of papers by different authors, quality and style vary from chapter to chapter, but there are few wasted words, and hardly a sentence without a kernel idea worth taking the time to understand. On the other hand, it is a difficult and demanding book to read cover to cover, and most readers will probably prefer to focus on areas of particular personal interest rather than tackling the whole volume at one go.
""The story of a remarkable group of men and women who served or still serve in the small grocery or commissary stores for the missionaries and national co-workers involved in Bible translation work on the Summer Institute of Linguistic... more
""The story of a remarkable group of men and women who served or still serve in the small grocery or commissary stores for the missionaries and national co-workers involved in Bible translation work on the Summer Institute of Linguistic centers around the world.
HAZOP study is the basic tool for assessing of hazards and risks in the Process Industry. In our article we are investigating possibilities of amending the HAZOP study. A novel HAZOP software has been developed called ‘Tool4SIL’ to... more
HAZOP study is the basic tool for assessing of hazards and risks in the Process Industry. In our article we are investigating possibilities of amending the HAZOP study. A novel HAZOP software has been developed called ‘Tool4SIL’ to support the development and analysis of HAZOP studies and SIL evaluation projects. In this article we discuss the challenging questions and our answer related to the development of this new software and the related methodology
The story of a remarkable group of men and women who served or still serve in the small grocery or commissary stores for the missionaries and national co-workers involved in Bible translation work on the Summer Institute of Linguistic... more
The story of a remarkable group of men and women who served or still serve in the small grocery or commissary stores for the missionaries and national co-workers involved in Bible translation work on the Summer Institute of Linguistic centers around the world.
The state of practice in developing embedded infrastructure software uses component-based architectures such as the AUTOSAR initiative (www.autosar.org), along with static code analysis tools to capture design flaws. However, these still... more
The state of practice in developing embedded infrastructure software uses component-based architectures such as the AUTOSAR initiative (www.autosar.org), along with static code analysis tools to capture design flaws. However, these still fail to address the dynamic and real-time aspect of the infrastructure software. Fortunately, current advances in MBD technology indicate that embedded-software developers can expect more tool support for the whole ECU software spectrum. We report in this article an overview on the X-in-the-loop V&V process and draw some lessons learned from related industrial experience.
The Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) play main role in the safety industry. For every SIF there is safety integrity requirement which is described by the Safety Integrity Level. The SIL value of a SIF mainly determined by the failure... more
The Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) play main role in the safety industry. For every SIF there is safety integrity requirement which is described by the Safety Integrity Level. The SIL value of a SIF mainly determined by the failure rates of the components of a SIF and the proof testing. This paper briefly describes the proof testing, and discusses the problems of classical implementation of proof testing. The goal of this article is to propose a new model for dangerous undetected faulires and investigate how this model influences the proof testing strategy.
A story about the development of the road system at Ukarumpa, SIL International's center of operations in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. This book details the men, machines and ways that the roads of Ukarumpa have helped speed the... more
A story about the development of the road system at Ukarumpa, SIL International's center of operations in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. This book details the men, machines and ways that the roads of Ukarumpa have helped speed the delivery of God's Word to all the languages in the country. This is all done for the glory of God alone!
"http://www.scribd.com/doc/74244596/; текст издания: Остроумов С.А. Химико-биотические взаимодействия и новое в учении о биосфере В.И.Вернадского. BioshereEcotoxGeochem09 edt 22 Oct2009.doc опубликовано: Остроумов С.А. Химико-биотические... more
"http://www.scribd.com/doc/74244596/; текст издания: Остроумов С.А. Химико-биотические взаимодействия и новое в учении о биосфере В.И.Вернадского. BioshereEcotoxGeochem09 edt 22 Oct2009.doc опубликовано: Остроумов С.А. Химико-биотические взаимодействия и новое в учении о биосфере В.И.Вернадского. Москва, 2009, МАКС-пресс. - 52 с. Усл.п.л. 3,25. Библиогр. 77 назв. Под ред. акад. Г.В.Добровольского. (Серия: Наука. Образование. Инновации. Выпуск 10). ISBN 978-5-317-03005-6. Материалы к лекции на Всероссийской конференции с элементами научной школы для молодежи «Экотоксикология-2009». Конференция организована Научно-образовательным центром «Экобиотехнология» Тульского госуниверситета на базе Института биохимии и физиологии микроорганизмов им. Г.К. Скрябина РАН, 26 – 30 октября 2009 г, Пущино – Тула. Цель работы – суммировать и систематизировать публикации автора, имеющие отношение к теме лекции. Результаты исследований автора и библиография в период 1985-2009 гг. суммированы в таблицах: 1. Накопление элементов в организмах и их роль в биогеохимических потоках элементов. 2. Воздействие ксенобиотиков и поллютантов на высшие растения. 3. Воздействие химических веществ на водоросли. 4. Воздействие ксенобиотиков на моллюсков и некоторых планктонных организмов-фильтраторов. 5. Роль водных макрофитов в связи с задачами фитотехнологий и фиторемедиации. 6.Концептуальные разработки экологических проблем и состояния биосферы. Среди новых фундаментальных концепций, введенных автором: биосфера как эколого-биохимический континуум (с.43), элементы теории аппарата биосферы (с. 43-44).https://www.academia.edu/1124807/
In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discused. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper.... more
In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discused. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper. The result of this paper is when hazardous event frequency 10E-06/year and PFD’s safeguard 0.00002, with test interval 1 year, the SILs of low and high demand start showing different level at demand 5.1/year. At that point, we shouldn’t use simplified formula for low demand, because it will make different SIL with the exponential formula and simplified high demand formula. The requared SIL targets are SIL 2 and SIL 1, for exponential formula and simplified high demand formula, respectifely. Hence, it should be taken more attention and consideration for various value of hazardous event frequency with various demand rate.
Andrographis paniculata (AP) has been stated as a low-diverse, endangered and red-listed plant species. Self-pollinated mating system, being an introduced species and experiencing a bottleneck as well as over exploitation cause such a... more
Andrographis paniculata (AP) has been stated as a low-diverse, endangered and red-listed plant species. Self-pollinated mating system, being an introduced species and experiencing a bottleneck as well as over exploitation cause such a consequence. Inter and intraspecific hybridization has been suggested as essential techniques for generating genetic diversity. To test the effect of intraspecific hybridization on diversification and heterosis of AP, seven accessions were outcrossed manually in all 21 possible combinations. Three types of markers including morphological, phytochemical and RAPD markers were employed to evaluate the mentioned hypothesis. The results revealed that hybridization acted as a powerful engine for diversification of AP as it caused heterotic expression of the studied traits, simultaneously. Initially, it seems that additive and non-additive gene effects both can be considered as the genetic basis of heterosis in AP for the investigated traits. Agronomic and mo...
Ostroumov S.A. Filter-feeders as part of ecological biomachinery to purify water // Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 2005. Vol. 29/2 (Stuttgart,E.Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung), p.1072-1075; The author introduced a new... more
Ostroumov S.A. Filter-feeders as part of ecological biomachinery to purify water // Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 2005. Vol. 29/2 (Stuttgart,E.Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung), p.1072-1075;
The author introduced a new fundamental concept in the science of hydrobiology and aquatic ecology: biomachinery of water self-purification. The aquatic invertebrates that are filter-feeders constitute a vital part of the complex of aquatic organisms which are involved in the biomachinery of improving water quality.
How the term 'biomachinery' was introduced to science: it happened in 1999. See the abstract: Ostroumov S.A. Integrity-oriented approach to ecological biomachinery for self-purification and bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems. - Limnology and Oceanography: Navigating into the Next Century. February 1-5, 1999, Santa Fe, New Mexico. ASLO, Waco, TX. 1999. P. 134; Dr. S.A. Ostroumov initiated and chaired the session "Ecosystems as Hi-Tech Water Purification Biomachinery" at the ASLO Meeting Limnology and Oceanography: Navigating into the Next Century. February 1-5, 1999, Santa Fe, New Mexico; it is the first time that he introduced the scientific term ‘biomachinery’.
The series of 231 HIV-infected women were recruited in Chonburi Hospital, Thailand. Demographic, gynecologic factors were interviewed Pap smear was performed and classified based on the Bethasda system (1991) by a cytotechnologist. All... more
The series of 231 HIV-infected women were recruited in Chonburi Hospital, Thailand. Demographic, gynecologic factors were interviewed Pap smear was performed and classified based on the Bethasda system (1991) by a cytotechnologist. All abnormal Pap smear slides were reviewed by a cytopathologist. The prevalence of LSIL, HSIL and SCCA were 2.2%, 8.3% and 2.2%, respectively. There was statistically significant association between the duration of HIV infection and occurrence of SIL and SCCA. (p = 0.007) The present study showed a high prevalence of SIL and SCCA in-HIV-infected women at Chonburi Hospital.
In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discussed. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper.... more
In this paper, demand rate and hazardous event frequency considerations which effect to the error on the SIL calculation will be discussed. The various value of hazardous event frequency and demand rate will be evaluated in this paper. The result of this paper is when hazardous event frequency 10E-06/year and PFD’s safeguard 0.00002, with test interval 1 year, the SILs of low and high demand start showing different SIL at demand 5.1/year. At that point, engineer shouldn't use simplified formula for low demand, because it will provide different SIL target than simplified high demand formula or the original exponential formula. The required SIL targets are SIL 2 and SIL 1, for simplified low demand formula and simplified high demand formula, respectively. Therefore, it should be taken more attention and consideration for various value of hazardous event frequency with various demand rate.
This paper presents a concrete definition of what a Safety Instrumented System (SIS) is. This involves important concepts such as risk, safety integrity level, SIL, life cycle and protection layer. The aim of this paper is to provide... more
This paper presents a concrete definition of what a Safety Instrumented System (SIS) is. This involves important concepts such as risk, safety integrity level, SIL, life cycle and protection layer. The aim of this paper is to provide readers with a concise definition of SIS. To this end, the basic elements of a SIS are defined, the relationship of risk with a SIS is presented, layers of protection are defined in a industrial process, the implementation of a SIS is justified, and the correct methodology for the implementation of a SIS is obtained, namely Lifecycle. Finally, the paper describes a mathematical method for modeling and validating a particular SIS based on standards.
This study will examine whether Russian labor is truly “quiescent” by examining general activity in Moscow from 2000 to 2014 and then focusing on white-collar union activity. The results indicate that over this period, the unions... more
This study will examine whether Russian labor is truly “quiescent” by examining general activity in Moscow from 2000 to 2014 and then focusing on white-collar union activity. The results indicate that over this period, the unions representing healthcare workers, teachers, and academics were very active and often achieved concessions from the government such as higher wages or changes to proposed reforms. These findings are important in the context of other post-communist states (Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic) as they indicate that institutional differences like method of unionization and unions’ political involvement led to different results for white-collar unions in these countries. Finally, this study makes clear that while institutional differences and the legacy of communism can lead to different outcomes, white-collar unions in Moscow have effectively used various forms of political pressure to press for concessions and policy changes.
One barrier to quality in Bible translation is a tendency for translators to translate literally from their primary source text. This is a hazard for any translator, but has particular relevance in the case of Mother-Tongue Translators... more
One barrier to quality in Bible translation is a tendency for translators to translate literally from their primary source text. This is a hazard for any translator, but has particular relevance in the case of Mother-Tongue Translators (MTTs) with minimal training, who are bearing an increasingly larger role in new Bible translations around the globe. In this article, we first examine the problem of overliteralness, observing cases of RL structural adherence to the SL in direct speech, ungrammatical sentences, mistranslation of rhetorical questions, use of idioms, and neglect of discourse factors, etc. The problem of overliteralness extends to information and emotional impact implicit in the SL that is not made explicit in the RL. Reasons for overliteralness include the natural intuitiveness of translating literally, respect for the Word of God (they don’t want to change it), and MTTs’ unawareness of their own language patterns. Since translation consultants are not always familiar ...
The Sil gene encodes a cytosolic protein required for mouse embryonic midline and left/right axial development. Based on the phenotype of Sil mutant embryos, we hypothesized that Sil may be required for the activity of Sonic Hedgehog... more
The Sil gene encodes a cytosolic protein required for mouse embryonic midline and left/right axial development. Based on the phenotype of Sil mutant embryos, we hypothesized that Sil may be required for the activity of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), a secreted signaling molecule also critically important for the development of the embryonic axes and found mutated in multiple types of cancer. Here we tested the genetic interaction between Sil and the Shh pathway by generating and analyzing embryos carrying mutations in both Sil and Patched (Ptch), a Shh receptor that normally inhibits the signaling pathway in the absence of ligand and when mutated leads to constitutive activation of the pathway. We find that Sil(-/-) Ptch(-/-) embryos do not activate the Shh pathway and instead have a phenotype indistinguishable from Sil(-/-) embryos, in which there is a loss of activity of Shh. These results provide genetic evidence that Sil is an essential component of the Shh response, acting downstream to Ptch.
Ostroumov S.A. Filter-feeders as part of ecological biomachinery to purify water // Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 2005. Vol. 29/2 (Stuttgart,E.Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung), p.1072-1075; The author introduced a new... more
Ostroumov S.A. Filter-feeders as part of ecological biomachinery to purify water // Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 2005. Vol. 29/2 (Stuttgart,E.Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung), p.1072-1075;
The author introduced a new fundamental concept in the science of hydrobiology and aquatic ecology: biomachinery of water self-purification. The aquatic invertebrates that are filter-feeders constitute a vital part of the complex of aquatic organisms which are involved in the biomachinery of improving water quality.
How the term 'biomachinery' was introduced to science: it happened in 1999. See the abstract: Ostroumov S.A. Integrity-oriented approach to ecological biomachinery for self-purification and bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems. - Limnology and Oceanography: Navigating into the Next Century. February 1-5, 1999, Santa Fe, New Mexico. ASLO, Waco, TX. 1999. P. 134; Dr. S.A. Ostroumov initiated and chaired the session "Ecosystems as Hi-Tech Water Purification Biomachinery" at the ASLO Meeting Limnology and Oceanography: Navigating into the Next Century. February 1-5, 1999, Santa Fe, New Mexico; it is the first time that he introduced the scientific term ‘biomachinery’.
