Ns-3 Simulator

For an efficient design of wireless local-area networks (WLANs), the simulation tools are important to accurately estimate the IEEE 802.11n/ac link features for WLANs. However, this true simulation of network behavior is critical in designing high-performance WLANs. Through testing, analysis, and modeling of the proposed scheme repetitively, the design of the WLAN can be enhanced with a small budget before making its practical implementation. Many network simulation tools have been established to give solutions for this request and ns-3 is the most widely used tools among them by the research industry as an open-source network simulator. In this paper, we examine the various link features of the 802.11n WLANs under several conditions. We investigate the effects of 802.11n WLAN modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), 20MHz single channel or 40 MHz bonded channel, guard intervals (GI), frame aggregation, data encoding, number of antennas and their data rate, and link distance features of 802.11n WLAN in ns-3 when only a unique host connects with the access point (AP) and generates data traffic. Besides, the performance for an enterprise scenario proposed by the IEEE 802.11ax study group is evaluated when several hosts are simultaneously creating traffic with their associated APs. The results demonstrate that ns-3 support most of the link features of the 802.11n protocol with significant accuracy.

— In this paper, we present a developed NS-3 based emulation platform for evaluating and optimizing the performance of the LTE networks. The developed emulation platform is designed to provide real-time measurements. Thus it eliminates the need for the high cost spent on real equipment. The developed platform consists of three main parts, which are video server, video client(s), and NS-3 based simulation environment for LTE network. Using the developed platform, the server streams video clips to the existing clients going through the LTE simulated network. We utilize this setup to evaluate multiple cases such as mobility and handover. Moreover, we use it for evaluating multiple streaming protocols such as UDP, RTP, and Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH).

Berangkat  dari  keterpurukan  bangsa  Indonesia  di  bidang pengembangan  teknologi  seluler,  hati  kami  tergerak  untuk menciptakan  karya  nyata  bagi  bangsa  Indonesia.  Buku  ini adalah  buku  paling  komprehensif  berbahasa  Indonesia mengenai  teknologi  seluler  4G,  hasil  kolaborasi  engineer, praktisi,  peneliti  dan  dosen  di  Indonesia. 

Buku  ini  membahas secara mendalam mengenai teknologi jaringan seluler  4G, dari konsep dasar, desain jaringan menggunakan software Atoll dan pengukuran  melalui  drivetest  untuk  mengetahui  Key Performance Indicator dari jaringan 4G yang sudah digelar.

Buku  ini  tentunya  sangat  bermanfaat  bagi  mereka  mahasiswamahasiswa  atau  freshgraduate  yang  gap  pembelajarannya sangat  jauh  dibandingkan  dengan  dunia  industri telekomunikasi.  Dan  juga  berguna  bagi  para  pelaku  industri untuk  merencanakan  dan  melakukan  implementasi
berdasarkan  knowledge  yang  didapatkan  di  bangku  kuliah.

Buku  ini  adalah  wadah  untuk  menghilangkan  „gap'  diantara keduanya. Buku ini dibagi dalam beberapa bagian. Bagian awal buku akan dipaparkan  bagaimana  perkembangan  industri  telekomunikasi saat ini dan apa yang harus kita persiapkan untuk masa depan industri  telekomunikasi.  Bagaimana  kondisi  industri telekomunikasi  secara  global  dapat  mempengaruhi  orangorang  yang  bekerja  di  dalamnya  secara  individual.  Kedua adalah overview  mengenai kecepatan pada jaringan 2G dan 3G dan kebutuhan jaringan 4G atas permintaan data berkecepatan
tinggi oleh mobile user. Buku ini juga membahas permasalahan spektrum 4G yang akan digunakan  di  Indonesia,  teknologi  akses  jamak  OFDMA  dan SC-FDMA yang digunakan pada jaringan 4G, arsitektur jaringan 4G  juga  konsep  mobility  dan  konsep  jaringan  heterogen  yang juga  perlu  diperhitungkan  karena  pada  saat  implementasi  4G sudah  terdapat  jaringan  2G,  3G  atau  bahkan  jaringan  wifi  dan kesemuanya harus terkoneksi dan memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi user mobile phone. Selamat  membaca dan  apabila Anda kurang puas  dengan hasil karya buku ini kami sangat terbuka untuk saran dan kritik yang membangun.
Materi PDF dapat Di Download di :
http://rfoptimisation.blogspot.com/2015/04/4g-handbook-versi-bahasa-indonesia.html

Time has come where the communication is not just limited to only amongst humans. Now, the era has come where dreams of communicating vehicles is becoming the reality. Increasing demand of VANET implementation in car to car communication has resulted in congestion in handling multiple request and response among communicating and transiting vehicles. In addition to that, one to one congestion control needs to be addressed at each VANET node due to highly volatile traffic and frequently changing topology of the network. This paper presents a unique technique to control congestion over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks using simple techniques of early detection of congestion. Further, researchers of this paper analyzed congestion control algorithm by implementing it on real time scenario over the simulation environment of SUMO, MOVE and NS2 to investigate the efficiency and probable improvements in the congestion.

In this paper, we present a developed NS-3 based emulation platform for evaluating and optimizing the performance of the LTE networks. The developed emulation platform is designed to provide real-time measurements. Thus it eliminates the need for the high cost spent on real equipment. The developed platform consists of three main parts, which are video server, video client(s), and NS-3 based simulation environment for LTE network. Using the developed platform, the server streams video clips to the existing clients going through the LTE simulated network. We utilize this setup to evaluate multiple cases such as mobility and handover. Moreover, we use it for evaluating multiple streaming protocols such as UDP, RTP, and Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH). Keywords-DASH, Emulation, LTE, NS-3, Real-time, RTP, UDP.

The performance of IEEE 802.11/g hybrid network consisting of wired nodes, a mobile access point and mobile wireless nodes where the mobile access point is moving from one point to another to make the mobile wireless nodes or mobile hosts communicate is analysed. Taking into consideration the strong drive towards the wireless internet access through the mobile terminals, the impact on the performance of the network due to the mobile access point is analysed and examined. The result of the simulation based upon the experiment demonstrates the performance factors like throughput, packet delivery ratio and average delay over the conventional hybrid network. The whole simulation is done and analysed by using network simulator NS-2.35. It concludes on the performed throughput, packet delivery ratio and average delay.

The paper focuses on using Network Coding (NC) with TCP for multi-hop wireless networks to provide fault-tolerant and timely delivery of streaming data. The paper shows that there is an inherent latency in video playback when TCP with random linear NC is employed. With the objective of reducing latency and jitter at the receiver, the paper proposes a Variable Bucket size based Network Coding (VBNC) technique that modifies the TCP congestion control to adapt to the arriving traffic and dynamic network conditions. Simulation results demonstrate that on an average the proposed algorithm reduces observed latency at playback by 80% and jitter by more than 50% over standard TCP. More importantly, a significant reduction in the initial start-up delay is observed which enhances the performance of streaming services.

Routing protocols are responsible for providing reliable communication between the source and destination nodes. The performance of these protocols in the ad hoc network family is influenced by several factors such as mobility model, traffic load, transmission range, and the number of mobile nodes which represents a great issue. Several simulation studies have explored routing protocol with performance parameters, but few relate to various protocols concerning routing and Quality of Service (QoS) metrics. This paper presents a simulation-based comparison of proactive, reactive, and multipath routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Specifically, the performance of AODV, DSDV, and AOMDV protocols are evaluated and analyzed in the presence of varying the number of mobile nodes, pause time, and traffic connection numbers. Moreover, Routing and QoS performance metrics such as normalized routing load, routing packet, packet delivery ratio, packet drop, end-to-end delay, and ...

The wireless technology is inherently susceptible to many types of attacks. There are few studies that have investigated the collision attacks. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no prior work on investigating the consequences of the collision attacks on performance of the wireless networks. Hence, this work proposes a new module specifically for NS2 simulator which is capable of implementing and measuring the impact of the collision attacks on performance of the functional wireless networks. With the same conditions, we further design a testbed to measure the effectiveness of the collision attacks in real networks. Finally, in order to prove the accuracy of the proposed module, its results are compared with the results from the testbed. The purpose is to accurately determine the impact of the collision attacks which is essential for evaluation and testing the potential defense appliances against the attack. The results signify the extensive impact of the attack on disr...

Wireless Sensor Network has become a catchphrase recently starting from agriculture, military scenario, emergency situation, weather monitoring etc. Deployment of sensor network involves addressing a lot of practical issues like limited energy resource of sensor nodes, self-forming and self-healing of automated sensor networks, data fusion and communication capabilities. One of commonly used simulator—i.e., NS2, is a friendly tool that offers a virtual environment, which allows learning about the number of rules governing a sensor network's topologies to carry out various settings and communications' formats or patterns. In NS2 application services, it has been defined on how the sensors nodes perform when they identify a strange phenomenon. A sensor node may be sending a massage to a main station if it continues to identify that phenomenon. This paper proposes an enhancement method for this network simulator as a framework applicable to such called self-configured network, ...

Position error between motions of the master and slave end-effectors is inevitable as it originates from hard-to-avoid imperfections in controller design and model uncertainty. Moreover, when a slave manipulator is controlled through a delayed and lossy communication channel, the error between the desired motion originating from the master device and the actual movement of the slave manipulator end-effector is further exacerbated. This paper introduces a force feedback scheme to alleviate this problem by simply guiding the operator to slow down the haptic device motion and, in turn, allows the slave manipulator to follow the desired trajectory closely. Using this scheme, the master haptic device generates a force, which is proportional to the position error at the slave end-effector, and opposite to the operator’s intended motion at the master site. Indeed, this force is a signal or cue to the operator for reducing the hand speed when position error, due to delayed and lossy network...

For an efficient design of wireless local-area networks (WLANs), the simulation tools are important to accurately estimate the IEEE 802.11n/ac link features for WLANs. However, this true simulation of network behavior is critical in designing high-performance WLANs. Through testing, analysis, and modeling of the proposed scheme repetitively, the design of the WLAN can be enhanced with a small budget before making its practical implementation. Many network simulation tools have been established to give solutions for this request and ns-3 is the most widely used tools among them by the research industry as an open-source network simulator. In this paper, we examine the various link features of the 802.11n WLANs under several conditions. We investigate the effects of 802.11n WLAN modulation and coding schemes (MCSs), 20MHz single channel or 40 MHz bonded channel, guard intervals (GI), frame aggregation, data encoding, number of antennas and their data rate, and link distance features of 802.11n WLAN in ns-3 when only a unique host connects with the access point (AP) and generates data traffic. Besides, the performance for an enterprise scenario proposed by the IEEE 802.11ax study group is evaluated when several hosts are simultaneously creating traffic with their associated APs. The results demonstrate that ns-3 support most of the link features of the 802.11n protocol with significant accuracy.

Rising consumption of on-demand video streaming content
has triggered significant research efforts to provide good
quality content delivery with low wait-times for users while
playback. Since, most internet-based streaming services use
HTTP that runs on the Transmit Control Protocol (TCP), our
focus is on providing low end-to-end delay while streaming
video with TCP as the transport layer. To that end, a random
linear coding-based set of enhancements to TCP’s flow control
called ”Variable Bucket Size Network Coding (VBNC)”
are proposed and the impact of those modifications across
different routing protocols are studied for mobile ad-hoc networks
(MANETs). The VBNC enhancements to TCP address
the issue of TCP’s agnostic flow control with respect to the
arriving traffic at the source and also handle the conservative
approach towards flow control. The proposed algorithm
has been implemented in ns-3 and the system performance is
compared from the perspective of congestion window evolution,
video end-to-end delay and video goodput. Our evaluation
shows that without significant changes in the network
stack, our algorithm is compatible with the currently widely
used OLSR and AODV routing protocols and offers almost a
100% improvement in video goodput over TCP New Reno.

Abstract Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is an emerging technology for the monitoring of aquatic assets and frequently applied in several domains like underwater information gathering, ocean sampling network, anonymous vehicles, disaster prevention and submarine detection. Recently, UWSNs have been getting significant attention of researchers from both academia and industry. As a result, several studies have been carried out to perform certain improvements in UWSNs techniques, tools, protocols and architectures. In this regard, there is a dire need to investigate and summarize the modern UWSNs trends altogether within a single study. To achieve this, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is performed in this article to comprehensively analyze the latest developments in UWSNs. Particularly, 34 research studies published during 2012-2020 have been selected and examined in the area of UWSNs. This leads to the identification of 21 modern routing protocols and 11 tools. Furthermore, 5 different architecture types and 3 communication media technologies are presented in the context of UWSNs. Finally, a comparative analysis of routing protocols is done on the basis of important evaluation metrics. It has been concluded that there exist adequate approaches, protocols and tools for the monitoring of UWSNs. However, the design verification capabilities of existing approaches are insufficient to meet the growing demands of UWSNs. In this context, the findings of this article provide solid platform to enhance the current UWSNs tools and techniques for large and complex networks.

ABSTRACT The IEEE 802.11p/WAVE family of standards has been designed to provide multi-channel communications for vehicular use. Despite the increasing interest on vehicular networking, further efforts are still required to improve realism of simulations, in order to account for the latest standards and for physical-related phenomena. In this paper, we aim at overhauling the physical and MAC layers of ns-2 to include the last recommendations on frequency allocation, the effects of channel impairments (fading, obstructions, in-channel and adjacent channel interference), an enhanced receiver design, and the WAVE multi-channel related effects.

The bit error rate performance of a V-Blast encoded 8x8 MIMO MC-CDMA wireless communication system for different signal detection (MMSE and ZF) and digital modulation (BPSK, QPSK, DPSK, and 4QAM) schemes for grayscale image transmission has been investigated in this paper. The proposed wireless system employ ½-rated Convolution and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) channel encoding over the AWGN channel and Walsh Hadamard code as an orthogonal spread code. The present Matlab based simulation study demonstrates that the V-Blast encoded 8×8 MIMO MC-CDMA wireless system with the employment of 1⁄2-rated convolution and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) channel encoding strategies shows good performance utilizing BPSK digital modulation and ZF signal detection scheme in grayscale image transmission.