Resileince

نشست یک روزه جابه جایی، تحرک، مهاجرت: نگاهی ازدیدگاه باستان شناسی انسان شناختی
in virtual workshop: “Movement, Mobility, Migration;  A View from Anthropological Archaeology” hosted by the University of Mazandaran (Iran) and Goethe University of Frankfurt (Germany).

As pessimism saps energy in the twilight of our lives lived in the twilight of a civilization, what is the antidote? The session will probe the power of positivity encoded in words. Following an introduction to the keyword "Resilience" discussion will follows, with participants contributing keywords that engender vibrancy in ourselves and in society. The instructor/ calligrapher will then inscribe all the participants' keywords on the blackboard onto a large 2.5 foot by 8 foot recycled sliding shutter.

October 2002, 800 plus hostages were held for three days in a Moscow theater by suicidal terrorists armed with bombs.  The stand-off ended when Russian Special Forces gassed and stormed the theater.  One hundred thirty of the hostages died. The authors – an American psychologist and colleagues from the Russian Academy of Sciences began to collaborate soon after the event.  This article reports on eleven hostage interviews regarding their psychological responses to captivity including their expressions of Stockholm syndrome.

This article critically examines the association between resilience and local concepts in the discourse of hegemonic international actors and shows how it operates and for what purposes. It reveals the general practice of co-optation of locally-resonant practices and notions as a medium for conceptual transfer. By interrogating the interplay between the Palestinian concept of sumud (steadfastness) and resilience, this article argues that projections of exogenous notions seek to graft dominant understandings onto local concepts, tropes and practices, and, in so doing, facilitate the internalisation of the dominant rationality. This interplay creates a simulacrum that casts a local, and even national semblance over resilience interventions, facilitating the acceptance of its externally defined registers without much resistance. As such, this discursive process is integral to the performativity of resilience-building. Further, the article argues that viewing steadfastness to colonialism from the same prism of resilience engenders intuitive evocations whereby colonialism and its invoked crises and destruction may be considered as learning opportunities for survival and development. And when this perspective is extended further, the status quo of colonial domination in Palestine can be construed as a positive catalyst that inspires economic, political and social adaptation.

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the role of strategic human resource management practices in developing resilient organizational behavior. This research aims to test the mediating function of individual resilient behavior between strategic human resources management practices and resilient organizational behavior. Data was collected from 780 managerial level employees working in small and medium Chinese enterprises in Hubei Province through a self-administrated questionnaire. The Smart partial least square structural equation modeling technique was used for data analysis. The analysis showed a significant positive relationship among SHRM practices, employee resilient behavior, and resilient organizational behavior. Results also show that employee resilient behavior partially mediates the relationship between SHRM practices and resilient organizational behavior. Individual resilient behavior is needed when an organization is in crisis, restructuring, transformation, turbulent, and unfavorable conditions. Without individual resilient behavior, it is difficult for an organization to be resilient. Therefore, strategic human resource management practices are essential to develop an employee’s resilience. This research contributed to the body of knowledge by bringing new concepts together. The main contribution was testing the role of individual resilient behavior between strategic human resource management practices and resilient organizational behavior.

We propose the concept of inclusive economic resilience to examine intra-regional economic recovery in American metropolitan areas after the Great Recession. Previous studies have treated regional and municipal economic resilience separately, with little attention to withinregion variations in economic resilience. We contribute to the understanding of regional economic resilience by focusing on intra-regional economic recovery in cities. We also introduce an important yet overlooked regional factor in the context of American federalism-fragmentation of local governments. Examining US metropolitan areas from 2007 to 2017, we find that different dimensions of local fragmentation exert different impacts on intra-regional economic resilience. Our results indicate that a large number of municipal governments and greater service responsibilities borne by special and school districts lead to uneven economic recovery. In contrast, similar fiscal responsibilities taken by municipal governments promote inclusive income recovery.

The growth of African cities is two sided, some believe that the high population growth occurring in African cities will significantly contribute to the development of Africa while some argue that this high population growth will soon result to various social, economic, political and environmental problems. Many people are migrating to cities, with Africa having the highest urbanisation rate. Africa’s current population is approximately 1.2 billion and this number is expected to double by 2050, with most of the growth expected to occur in cities (Killcullen & Muggah, 2016). This rapid increase in numbers of city residents in African cities raises various questions about the future of African cities, if will they be able to sustain the growth or rather be in a crisis. Optimists believe that the growth is good for African cities as it will result to economic development but pessimists are rather concerned that the rapid “unplanned” urbanisation occurring in African cities will result to various political, economic, social and environmental problems for these cities in the near future.

The paper focuses on the Pick for Britain public appeal (spring 2020) that aimed at encouraging young people, as well as furloughed and laid-off workers to take up seasonal employment in UK farms in order to ensure the sustainability of supply chains. The paper argues that the failure of the campaign is a result of three distinct, yet interrelated discourses: i) increasingly restrictive migration policies, ii) lack of investment in the automation of agricultural production, and iii) a growing sense of entitlement on the part of the British public that abundant and inexpensive produce should be available all-year-round. The paper brings these discussions together theoretically - by drawing on the work of Foucault, Polanyi, Dardot and Laval, and Isin, and empirically within the contextual intersection of COVID-19 and Brexit. By critically overviewing testimonies from recruitment agencies, as well as recent think tank reports, and policies on automation and immigration, the paper demonstrates that current aspirations and appeals to automate work seek to depoliticise the economy whilst legitimising a specific kind of governmentality focusing on re-training, self-realisation, and ever increasing growth and productivity. Automation is presented as an unstoppable, irreversible force whose mission is to tackle low productivity and make the economy less dependent on cheap migrant labour. Yet, the discourse of automation and technological displacement allows us to distinguish not only the lack of resources or dependence of workers on state and corporate welfare, but also to identify the ways in which the workforce is categorised and fragmented according to the binaries of competent and incompetent, trained and untrained, skilled and unskilled, educated and uneducated, flexible and inflexible, male and female, young and old.

Provision of data and information for disaster risk reduction is increasingly important to enable resilience. However, the focus of provision in many African countries is limited to national scale risk assessment and meteorological data. The research aimed to consider the perspectives on availability and access to information of different local urban actors that require reliable and specific information to make informed decisions. The research used workshop discussions and questionnaires to collect views from stakeholders in flood risk management in Nigerian cities about their current access to information and requirements. The results confirmed that stakeholders and communities agree in recognising the importance of climate information. Findings identified issues surrounding communication between agencies, government and technical experts. The role of the media and business in filling the vacuum left by state provision of information was further highlighted, demonstrating the potential for Private Public Partnerships in supporting adaptation and response to flooding. However, significant differences in access between subgroups were also revealed such that some marginalised groups may be excluded from information. It follows that climate services, data and information provision need to be collaboratively designed in order to be more inclusive, meet user requirements and build community capacity.

Purpose of the Study: Adults with HIV infection are living into old age. It is critical we investigate positive constructs such as resilience and mastery to determine factors associated with psychological well-being. We examine HIV-related factors, adverse conditions, and psychosocial characteristics that are associated with resilience (the ability to bounce back) and mastery (sense of self-efficacy). Design and Methods: We analyzed 2014 data from the longitudinal study Aging with Pride: National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (NHAS), focusing on a subsample of 335 gay and bisexual older men. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify factors that contributed or detracted from resilience and mastery in the sample recruited from 17 sites from across the United States. Results: Resilience and mastery were independently associated with psychological health-related quality of life. In mul-tivariate analysis, adjusting for demographic characteristics, previous diagnosis of depression was negatively associated with resilience. Time since HIV diagnosis was positively associated with mastery whereas victimization was negatively associated with mastery. Social support and community engagement were positively associated with both resilience and mastery. Implications: Individual and structural-environmental characteristics contributed to resilience and mastery. These findings can be used to develop interventions incorporating an increased understanding of factors that are associated with both resilience and mastery.

Provision of data and information for disaster risk reduction is increasingly important to enable resilience. However, the focus of provision in many African countries is limited to national scale risk assessment and meteorological data. The research aimed to consider the perspectives on availability and access to information of different local urban actors that require reliable and specific information to make informed decisions. The research used workshop discussions and questionnaires to collect views from stakeholders in flood risk management in Nigerian cities about their current access to information and requirements. The results confirmed that stakeholders and communities agree in recognising the importance of climate information. Findings identified issues surrounding communication between agencies, government and technical experts. The role of the media and business in filling the vacuum left by state provision of information was further highlighted, demonstrating the poten...