Self Organization

F. Granelli et al. (Eds.): MOBILIGHT 2009, LNICST 13, pp. 230–241, 2009. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social-Informatics and Telecommunication Engineering 2009 ... Self-management in Future Internet Wireless Networks: ... Dynamic Resource Allocation and Traffic Routing ...

This study analyzes the age profile of scientific employees and its relation to personnel costs and scientific productivity within eight faculties at the University of Vienna. The age demography can overall be divided into two main categories: Category one faculties represent an increased number of younger aged researchers (Catholic-, Protestant Theology, Law, Economics, Information Sciences, and Medicine), category two faculties show an increased number of older aged researchers (Social Sciences, Humanities, and Science). In addition, it can be demonstrated that the personnel costs for full professors are higher within four faculties (Catholic-, Protestant Theology, Law, and Economics and Information Sciences). Inevitably, this leads to savings for habilitated and non- habilitated researchers at these faculties. The faculty of Medicine represents a well-balanced use of personnel costs. Three faculties (Social Sciences, Humanities, and Sciences) have to pay dramatically more for their older aged habilitated and non-habilitated personnel. For the entire university and two faculties, Medicine and Humanities, a positive and significant relationship between age and the average weekly teaching performance is shown. This study suggests that institutions with a high percentage of older researchers, mainly in the categories of habilitated and non- habilitated personnel, must change their policy to become more flexible and attractive for new talented young people. Due to the fact, that this cannot only be realized through the introduction of new laws, each faculty must establish a scientific plan combined with reorganizations of the personnel structure and personnel costs.

The scientific publication process has been so far only marginally affected by the possibilities of the Internet. This may be attributed to a lack of sound business models and pilots to demonstrate the ultimate benefits of free scientific publication. A team of universities, Internet publishers and applied research institutes proposes in the framework of the SciX-project (open, self-organizing repository for scientific information exchange) to demonstrate these benefits and reengineer parts of the scientific publication process. This contribution focuses on the findings from investigations into the identification and acquisition of content sources such as conference papers, theses and journal papers related to the field of CAAD. Special attention has been paid to the different types of available information, such as bibliographical data, summaries, full texts, etc. In this paper, an overall estimation concerning the expected scientific output in the field of CAAD (within a midterm p...

The Internet of Things vision has recently emerged as a result of a proliferation of a large number of networked consumer electronic devices. There is a growing need to autonomously monitor power consumption of these devices. We present a self-organizing distributed algorithm for the dynamic approximation of power consumption in networked consumer electronic devices.

©This paper is not for reproduction without permission of the authors. Natural systems are characterized more by the way they change than by their appearance at any one moment in time. There is, however, no self-consistent theory capable of ascribing the development of living hierarchical organisms to conventional scientific rationality. We have derived a generic model for the dynamics and evolution of natural hierarchical systems. This paper presents the resultant birational dynamics which may be attributed to a real hierarchy. We describe the nature of self-organization and of emergence in hierarchies, and the rationality which may be employed to move between scalar levels. We propose the use of diffusely-rational recursive Dempster-Shafer-probability to model inter-hierarchical-level complex regions, and consider its implications. The evolution of living from non-living systems is attributed to a change in the style of emergence which characterizes the appearance of new scalar le...

This paper presents a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) implementation of a conscience mechanism used to improve the effectiveness of learning in the winner-takes-all (WTA) artificial neural networks (ANNs) realized at the transistor level. This mechanism makes it possible to eliminate the effect of the so-called ¿dead neurons,¿ which do not take part in the learning phase competition. These neurons usually have a detrimental effect on the network performance, increasing the quantization error. The proposed mechanism comes as part of the analog implementation of the WTA neural networks (NNs) designed for applications to ultralow power portable diagnostic devices for online analysis of ECG biomedical signals. The study presents Matlab simulations of the network's model, discusses postlayout circuit level simulations and includes results of measurement completed for the physical realization of the circuit.

I claim that explanations of human behaviour by Edward O. Wilsonand Charles Lumsden are constituted by a religiously functioningmetaphysics: emergent materialism. The constitutive effects areidentified using six criteria, beginning with a metaphorical re-description of dissimilarities between levels of organization interms of the lower level, and consist of conceptual andexplanatory reductions (CER). Wilson and Lumsden practice CER,even though CER is not

The future society may be and most likely
1. A society without human labor
2. A society of free activities and free time
3. A company dreamed of by Heinz von Foerster, Henri Atlan and Ilya Prigogine
Part 1: Development issues of developed countries
1.1 They have already made and updated their industrial revolution, they are:
• A nano computer revolution that will boost the artificial intelligence foundation of automation and robotics (and aggravation of unemployment)
• A biotechnological and genetic revolution
• And to the revolution of the "service economy" where 65% of the active population produces 70% of national wealth (against 29% and 28% for industry and 6% and 2% for agriculture - France). These are the services that pay the most!
1.2 They have new groups - multinationals - and very active and dynamic social networks.
In this case, the future development for these already developed countries will focus on what? Or what is missing - the "almost" - to the development of today's society.
The perception - relatively widespread and fair - of a more technology-centric development - and its legal owners - than on humans feeds this ... but.
To which the question of "what" will bring about the future development of today's society becomes indeed relevant.

Facing new and varied customer's needs, strategies of production have radically changed during these list three decades leading to a need for agile and, as a consequence, self-organized manufacturing control systems. One possible way to integrate self-organization capability is to move from rigid centralized architectures towards distributed architectures. In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art of self-organization models in distributed manufacturing control, according to the bionic, holonic, multi-agent and heterarchical design approaches. We show the potential capabilities offered by these approaches to integrate self-organization mechanisms. Meanwhile, we also point out the insufficiencies of existing contributions, which lead us to highlight some future trends in the design of effective self-organized manufacturing control systems.

Horton's hierarchical and fractal analysis of channel circumference reveals that tidal-channel systems in the Dutch Wadden Sea have similar branching patterns. Channel systems have the same characteristics as three- to four-times branching networks. The branch lengths of these channels decrease logarithmically. The channel systems can be regarded as ‘statistical self-similar fractal’ networks, considering the natural variability in branch lengths and channel positions. Branching of channels does not continue below the 500 m scale. The channel-system circumference length is logarithmically related to the tidal prism and drainage area. The similarity of the channel systems, regardless of their size, relative amount of intertidal flats, and tidal amplitude, points to a self-organising nature. All processes depend on the feedback between morphology and hydrodynamics. At first sight, the channel systems can be regarded as an ebb-driven drainage network, governed by erosion. However, flood-dominated net sedimentation occurs in large parts of the drainage basins and modifies the ebb-driven network. The complex interaction of hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes in tidal basins limits the applicability of process-based models. Behaviour-oriented modelling has a wide applicability and can be improved using the fractal geometry as the dynamical equilibrium morphology. The fractal-network geometry can also be used for stochastic reconstructions of fossil tidal-channel systems, when only limited observations are available.

Biological processes and methods have been influencing science and technology for many decades. The ideas of feedback and control processes Norbert Wiener used in his cybernetics were based on observation of these phenomena in biological systems. Artificial intelligence and intelligent systems have been fundamentally interested in the phenomenology of living systems, namely perception, decision-making, action, and learning. Natural systems exhibit many properties that form fundamentals for a number of nature inspired applications – dynamics, flexibility, robustness, self-organisation, simplicity of basic elements, and decentralization. This paper reviews examples of nature inspired software applications focused on optimization problems, mostly drawing inspiration from collective behaviour of social colonies.