The scale and intensity of Navajo (Diné) sheepherding in the American Southwest has varied substantially over the centuries. In the 150 years since the signing of the Navajo Treaty of 1868, a variety of internal and external pressures... more
The scale and intensity of Navajo (Diné) sheepherding in the American Southwest has varied substantially over the centuries. In the 150 years since the signing of the Navajo Treaty of 1868, a variety of internal and external pressures have impacted the traditional pastoral practices of Diné communities. Phase 1 of the Early Navajo Pastoral Landscape Project focused on ethnoarchaeological investigations of the history, settlement patterns, and pastoral land usage of one Navajo family in Black Mesa Chapter, Arizona, Navajo Nation. This article presents the project’s findings and discusses their implications within the context of local and regional events, as well as methodological concerns relevant to the identification of sheepherding sites across the Navajo Nation and beyond.
A spen dendroglyphs associated with Basque sheepherders have been viewed as curiosities, little more than pornography, and more recently as the written record of a specific ethnic group. When viewed as artifacts in situ, the sheepherder... more
A spen dendroglyphs associated with Basque sheepherders have been viewed as curiosities, little more than pornography, and more recently as the written record of a specific ethnic group. When viewed as artifacts in situ, the sheepherder dendroglyphs yield much information about the use of land by the sheep industry, and use of specific allotments within public lands. Carvings by several herders in the same year in a specific grove can produce a general idea of land capacity, forage yield, overuse, or the evidence of itinerant, or "tramp," sheepherders.
In the last 50 years, transhumant sheepherding on Bjelašnica mountain in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has undergone a major transformation and adaptation to new forms of animal husbandry for various economic, political and... more
In the last 50 years, transhumant sheepherding on Bjelašnica mountain in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina has undergone a major transformation and adaptation to new forms of animal husbandry for various economic, political and social reasons, such as the increase in tourism. Based on a long-term ethnographic fieldwork, the chapter analyses the coexistence of transhumance shepherding practices and tourism in Lukomir, the highest village (1472 m above sea level) in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, located on the southern slopes of the Bjelašnica mountain massif and the different local responses to it. A concluding section examines the anthropological insights gained through different methodological approaches, focusing on the process of visual ethnography.
Introduction-Georges Dumézil's trifunctional theory and his theoretical alteration in 1950 Ⅰ．Criticisms of the trifunctional theory Ⅱ．The Setback in 1950 of Trifunctional theory Ⅲ． The three-tiered class structure in the early nomadic... more
Introduction-Georges Dumézil's trifunctional theory and his theoretical alteration in 1950 Ⅰ．Criticisms of the trifunctional theory Ⅱ．The Setback in 1950 of Trifunctional theory Ⅲ． The three-tiered class structure in the early nomadic organization as the basis of Trifunctional ideology Conclusion-The setback of trifunctional theory in a double meaning
