Stunting Research

Berkala Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (BIMKMI) adalah publikasi per semester yang menggunakan sistem seleksi peer-review dan redaktur.Naskah diterima oleh redaksi, mendapat seleksi validitas oleh mitra bestari, serta seleksi dan pengeditan oleh redaktur. BIMKMI menerima artikel penelitian asli yang berhubungan dengan dunia kesehatan masyarakat meliputi epidemiologi, kesehatan lingkungan, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, administrasi dan kebijakan kesehatan, biostatistik dan kependudukan, promosi kesehatan dan ilmu perilaku, ilmu gizi kesehatan masyarakat, kesehatan reproduksi, kesehatan global, dan one health baik penelitian lapangan maupun laboratorium, artikel tinjauan pustaka, laporan kasus, artikel penyegar ilmu kesehatan masyarakat, advertorial, petunjuk praktis, serta editorial. Tulisan merupakan tulisan asli (bukan plagiat) dan sesuai dengan kompetensi mahasiswa kesehatan masyarakat.

BIMKMI telah memasuki tahun ke-enamnya sebagai wadah publikasi tulisan ilmiah bagi mahasiswa kesehatan masyarakat se-Indonesia, Dalam volume 7 nomor 2 ini, sebanyak sembilan artikel, dengan rincian satu artikel penyegar, enam penelitian asli, dan dua artikel tinjauan pustaka, telah lolos melalui serangkaian proses yang dilakukan oleh tim penyusun dan layak di terbitkan dalam volume 7 nomor 2 2019.

Selamat membaca

Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang terganggu pada periode awal kehidupan atau periode emas akan memberikan dampak jangka panjang.  Stunting menjadi salah satu gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang tergolong kronis.  Riskesdas melaporkan bahwa pada tahun 2013 prevalensi stunting di Indonesia mencapai 37,2%.  Asupan xenobiotik Natrium Benzoat menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab terhambatnya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, karena energi dan zat gizi digunakan untuk menetralisir dan mengkonjugasi senyawa radikal hasil metabolisme dan biotransformasinya.  Penggunaan energi dan zat gizi baik makro dan mikro yang seharusnya digunakan untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dialih fungsikan untuk pembentukan enzim antioksidan sebagai pertahanan tingkat seluler terhadap senyawa radikal.  Dalam penelitian ini, pengaruh natrium benzoat ditentukan melalui pengukuran aktivitas enzim antioksidan (superoksida dismutase dan glutation peroksidase) pada kelompok hewan coba yang diberi Pars modifikasi, biskuit STRIATA murni, biskuit STRIATA dengan natrium benzoat 100 ppm dan 500 ppm.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan aktivitas enzim antioksidan akibat paparan natrium benzoat serta potensinya terhadap peningkatan stres oksidatif dan gangguan pertumbuhan.  Pada penelitian ini diketahui bahwa kelompok yang dipapar natrium benzoat mengalami peningkatan aktivitas enzim superoksida dismutase (SOD) dibandingkan kelompok kontrol, sedangkan aktivitas enzim glutation peroksidase (GSH-Px) mengalami peningkatan pada ketiga kelompok yang diberi biskuit STRIATA.  Dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi natrium benzoat berpotensi meningkatkan resiko terjadinya stunting, akibat dari peningkatan stres oksidatif dan penggunaan zat gizi sebagai konjugat.

Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak balita (bayi dibawah lima tahun). 1 Menurut UNICEF, stunting didefinisikan sebagai persentase anak-anak usia 0 sampai 59 bulan, dengan tinggi di bawah minus (stunting sedang dan berat) dan minus tiga (stunting kronis) diukur dari standar pertumbuhan anak keluaran WHO dimana pada hasil pengukuran ada pada nilai <-2 standar deviasi standar penilaian WHO (WHO Child Growth Standards). 2,3 Data WHO menunjukkan tahun 2010 diperkirakan ada 178 juta anak di bawah usia lima tahun pertumbuhannya terhambat karena stunting. 4 Data UNICEF, di dunia anak yang mengalami stunting sebanyak 156 juta anak. 2 . Pada tahun 2010 sebanyak 171 juta anak yang mengalami stunting (kerdil) dan terbanyak pada negara berkembang, yaitu Asia dan Afrika. 5 Data World Bank prevalensi stunting di beberapa negara,

Background: Stunted is a state of short or very short body that has been a nutrition problem in indonesia. The prevalence of stunted on adolescent in Jepara is high. Stunted children has more at risk of overweight or obesity in the future. The condition of obesity could be one of the risk factors of metabolic syndrome through excessive inflammatory reaction. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker to the onset of inflammation in the body. This study aimed to determine the incidence of obesity in stunted female adolescent and to prove an inflammatory reaction in stunted obesity female adolescent.

Method: Screening conducted on 1002 females in SMP and MTS Bangsri Kabupaten Jepara. Study with  case control design was done in stunted female adolescent in SMP and MTS Kecamatan Bangsri Kabupaten Jepara. Selection of subjects using multistage random sampling. The case group (n=28) are stunted obesity female adolescents, whereas the control group (n=28) are stunted non-obesity female adolescents. Determination of nutritional status was done through anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference. Measurement of CRP was qualitatively using agglutination method. The data were analyzed using descriptive test.

Result: The incidence of obesity in female adolescent reached 33.13%. Female adolescents experiencing stunted reached 23.35% and 34.62% of them were obese, details of which were obese 42.86% have pre-abdominal obesity and 57.14% have  abdominal obesity. CRP levels on any subject in two groups were <6 mg /L

Conclusion: Obesity in stunted female adolescents greater than non-stunting. The female adolescent inflammatory in stunted obesity not provable.

Surabaya, in Indonesia, has a fairly high stunting rate of 2,189 out of 20,472 toddlers. Stunting management requires interprofessional collaboration that results in higher quality health services. The purpose of this study was to develop a stunting management model with an interprofessional collaboration (IPC) approach. A cross-sectional approach included 128 health workers selected by the rule of thumb formula. Independent variables included knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, cooperation, and communication. The dependent variable was IPC. Data collection was conducted via a questionnaire with modifications related to stunting. Data was analyzed using descriptive and SEM-PLS analysis. It was noted that the implementation model of IPC was dependent on personal factors such as knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, collaboration, and communication, as well as the situational factors of the health workers. Of all these factors, individual personal attitudes had the largest role in the successful implementation of IPC. From structural model testing, the results showed a direct and significant effect on each exogenous factor towards endogenous factors, except for the domain factor, interprofessional collaboration (X1) and support systems (X5) = 0.299. The management of stunting in infants can take place through collaboration between health workers or interprofessional collaboration. The implementation of IPC is influenced by the personal and situational factors of health workers.

This study intended to assess agrobiodiversity of Lemo and Soro districts selected localities, to evaluate demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, to analyze the house hold dietary diversity and to assess the nutritional status of children’s from 6-59 months of age. Sample size determined by using Epi Info 7.0 software, Agrobiodiversity assessed by using FAO guidelines and Anthropometric data collected by the method designed by Gibson. House hold dietary diversity and socioeconomic characteristics data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaires. Three localities of Soro district have showed low agrobiodiversity status and 66.66% of the households recorded low household dietary diversity. On these areas 39.2% of children’s are underweight, 25.5% are stunted as compared with WHO reference standards. Furthermore, 10.8% of the children’s are wasted. On contrary, other three localities have good agrobiodiversity and only 28.4 % of households scored low dietary diversit...

ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Perkembangan kesehatan anak sangat dipengaruhi oleh interaksi orang tua-anak dan keterikatan orang tua-anak. Usia 0-24 bulan merupakan periode yang menentukan kualitas kehidupan sehingga disebut dengan golden period. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas interaksi pengasuh (Caregiver) dengan anak dapat berasal dari pengasuh maupun anak, salah satunya adalah pendapatan pengasuh. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan pendapatan pengasuh dengan kualitas interaksi pengasuh dan anak stunting usia 6-23 bulan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah pengasuh dengan anak stunting usia 6-23 bulan. Subjek penelitian direkrut dengan menggunakan tekhnik Consecutive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi Parenting Interaction with Children: Checklist of Observation Linked to Outcome (PICCOLO). Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi square. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pendapatan pengasuh (0,001) dengan kualitas interaksi pengasuh dengan anak stunting usia 6-23 bulan. Saran: Pengasuh diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pengajaran seperti stimulasi kognitif dan bahasa, serta meningkatkan kemampuan bereaksi seperti respon yang cepat dan tanggap terhadap isyarat anak sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas interaksi pengasuh dengan anak.


ABSTRACT
Background: Child health development is strongly influenced by parent-child interactions and parent-child attachments. 0-24 months is a period that determines the quality of life so called the golden period. Factors that influence the quality of caregiver interactions can come from caregivers or children, one of which is caregivers income. Objective: To determine related caregiver's income to the quality of caregiver interaction with stunting children in 6-23 months of aged. Method: This study is a cross sectional design. Research subjects were caregivers with stunting children in 6-23 months of age. Research subjects were recruited using Consecutive sampling techniques. The instruments used were Parenting Interaction with Children observation sheets: Checklist of Observation Linked to Outcome (PICCOLO). Data analysis was done by Chi square test. Results: There was a significant relationship between caregiver's income (0.001) with the quality of caregiver interaction with stunting children in 6-23 months of age. Suggestion: Caregivers are expected to be able to improve teaching such as cognitive and language stimulation, as well as improve the ability to react such as rapid response and responsiveness to children's cues so as to improve the quality of caregiver interactions with children.

Background Stunting is impaired linear growth of children that they experience it in the first 1000 days after conception and indication of chronic malnutrition. It is caused by poor maternal nutrition and other interrelated factors. Objective This study conducted to assess the magnitude and associated factors of stunting among 6–23 month old children in drought vulnerable kebeles of Demba Gofa district. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with stratified multistage sampling was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to measure the strength of the association between dependent and associated variables at a p value 

Background Stunting is impaired linear growth of children that they experience it in the first 1000 days after conception and indication of chronic malnutrition. It is caused by poor maternal nutrition and other interrelated factors. Objective This study conducted to assess the magnitude and associated factors of stunting among 6–23 month old children in drought vulnerable kebeles of Demba Gofa district. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with stratified multistage sampling was conducted. Semi-structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to measure the strength of the association between dependent and associated variables at a p value &lt; 0.05. Result From the total study population (362), 79 (21.82%) of the children were stunted. Household dietary diversity [AOR = 0.45, 9...

Stunting among children under five years of age is one of the big problems in
Indonesia, damaging adulthood health and work productivity. Studies on the individual and
household factors of this issue had been conducted massively. Nonetheless, regional level study
on the same issue is still lacking whereas it is important in understanding the problems to
formulate better policies. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with stunting prevalence
at the provincial level. Data for this study was obtained from the publication of the National
Socioeconomic Survey 2018 and Basic Health Research 2018. Multiple linear regression was
applied to analyze factors associated with stunting prevalence. There were proportion of
expenditure on fish, meat, eggs and milk, tofu and tempe, fruits and vegetables (F&V), cigarettes,
and energy and protein intake. Prevalence of stunting at the provincial level was very wide, from
16.2% to 37.9%. Protein adequacy was higher (106.2%) than the Recommended Dietary
Allowance. Average proportion of food expenditure at provincial level was 50.1%, in each
province ranging from 40.6% to 57.2%; while the highest proportion of expenditure was to
purchase F&V (12.8%). The model predicted that the proportion of household food expenditure,
proportion of F&V, and protein adequacy were significantly associated with stunting prevalence.
Thus, policy on improving household purchasing power and food consumption behavior with
balanced nutrition is the key factor in reducing the prevalence of stunting. Social protection
programs such as cash transfer