Wholesale and Retail Markets

The study focused on assessing the profitability of cowpeas at retail and wholesale levels in Lusaka, Zambia. The specific objectives of the study were to assess cowpea marketing costs as well as revenue and also to determine the marketing margins of cowpea at retail and wholesale level.  Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires that were administered to 37 cowpea traders that were found in these markets. Results of gross margins analysis indicated that on average, cowpea marketing in Lusaka is profitable. Out of the 37 traders, 30 had positive gross margins whereas 7 had negative gross margins. The retail gross margin on average was ZMW 3.26 per kilogram and that of wholesale was ZMW 2.1 per kilogram. The retail marketing margin analysis revealed that retailers received 68% of the final selling price, while the remaining 32% went to the wholesalers. Wholesale marketing margin revealed that 64% was the final price that they received, while the remaining 36% went to the farmers or rural cowpea aggregators. The study therefore, recommended that government should consider providing good roads to places where cowpeas are produced in large quantities as this will help to reduce the transporting costs incurred by wholesalers. The local authority should find a way of pushing or taking vendors into the market shelters so that traders can have fair access to customers. Traders especially wholesalers when going to buy cowpeas should be going in groups so that transportation costs can be reduced.

The supply chain of food products to the wholesale market of Bouaké presents peculiarities that are specific to the large African cities. It comprises of several actors on the entire chain, beginning from production to marketing, that entails the routing and the redistribution of products. The role played by these actors is fundamental to the supply of localities with food for their daily lives. This paper focuses on identifying the actors in the transport of food products and analyzing their role in the delivery of food products to the wholesale market of Bouaké. Documentary research, the collection of data, their treatment, and the analysis of the results are the main joints of the methodological approach adopted. Based on the knowledge of the actors of the transport of food product to the wholesale market of Bouaké, the study has used the approach monitoring surveys of behavior to analyze the role of the actors in the refueling the wholesale market between the period 23 April 2018 to 05 May 2018. Additionally, 375 carriers have been investigated. The results obtained show two types of actors: the state actors in the transport of food products and the non- State actors. This study highlights the importance of the actors of the transportation of foodstuffs to the wholesale market of Bouaké. Consequently, state actors are subject to the obligations of public services delegated by the State and they deliver documents which facilitates the transport of food products. With regard to non-State actors, they respond to a service whose rules and exercise have been enacted by public power. This, however, involves the transfer of food products to the markets.

Este artigo aborda os principais dilemas e desafios enfrentados pelas Centrais de Abastecimento
Brasileiras, as Ceasas, a partir de uma visão de sua estruturação na década de 1970 aos anos
2000. O papel das Ceasas é rediscutido, à luz das experiências internacionais, a partir da proposição
de análise em quatro dimensões estratégicas: dimensão empresarial, de coordenação, de logística e
de ação em rede. O trabalho analisa a importância e a oportunidade de estruturação do Programa
Brasileiro de Modernização do Mercado Hortigranjeiro (Prohort), como arranjo estratégico para adequar
as Centrais Atacadistas brasileiras a um novo contexto na Política Nacional de Abastecimento
Alimentar.

Traditional markets in the UK find themselves at a crossroads; on one hand pushed out by changing retail trends and urban redevelopment, on the other championed as desirable, vibrant spaces which are the key to reviving town centres. Regeneration plans threaten what many traders and customers see as a unique and necessary public space in the heart of our towns and cities. This report has two aims; 1) To critically examine the changing fortunes of the traditional market, with an emphasis on wider urban regeneration and gentrification strategies 2) To explore ways in which customers and traders can successfully maintain markets as places which serve particular and often marginalised groups of people, and in which the social value of these spaces is maintained. The report is aimed at campaigners or potential campaigners, people with a general or academic interest in regeneration, retail and urban development, and policy-makers (especially at a local level). It draws on campaign work an...