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A study in humans reveals that the hippocampus encodes relevant task variables in abstract format during inferential reasoning, which enables the generalization needed for such complex cognition.
Most astrocytes in the mouse brain have a primary cilium that transduces local cues to drive distinct astrocytic transcriptomic programmes that determine regional astrocytic subtypes, and, in turn, shape local circuits and influence behaviour.
During their maturation, mammalian neurons lose the capacity to regrow their axons after an injury. Here, Hilton et al. explore the neuron maturation processes that limit axon regeneration, including changes in gene expression, cytoskeletal dynamics, and intracellular signalling and trafficking.
An array of genetically encoded tools are now available to label and manipulate synapses in different experimental species. Kaang and colleagues provide an overview of these techniques, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages and utility for investigating synaptic function.
How the complex functionality of the human brain depends on its underlying white matter architecture is incompletely understood. In this Review, Fotiadis et al. synthesize the heterogeneous macroscale expression of normative structureâfunction coupling and then discuss how it is affected in neurological and psychiatric conditions.
