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<p>Gravity fluctuations produced by ambient seismic fields are predicted to limit the sensitivity of the next-generation, gravitational-wave detector Einstein Telescope at frequencies below 20 Hz. The detector will be hosted in an underground infrastructure to reduce seismic disturbances and associated gravity fluctuations. Additional mitigation might be required by monitoring the seismic field and using the data to estimate the associated gravity fluctuations and to subtract the estimate from the detector data, a technique called coherent noise cancellation. In this paper, we present a calculation of correlations between surface displacement of a seismic field and the associated gravitational fluctuations using the spectral-element SPECFEM3D Cartesian software. The model takes into account the local topography at a candidate site of the Einstein Telescope at Sardinia. This paper is a first demonstration of SPECFEM3D’s capabilities to provide estimates of gravitoelastic correlations, which are required for an optimized deployment of seismometers for gravity-noise cancellation.</p>

In order to facilitate users to switch batteries, starting from the trajectory of electric vehicles, rationally arrange the location of electric vehicle switch stations. First, determine the service radius of the swap station from the consideration of the driver's driving preference, the service target of the swap station and the cruising range of electric vehicles; secondly, use the grid method to divide the Jinjiang District into 42 sub-regions. Through the analysis of massive driving data, combined with power exchange demand and median center theory, the candidate site for the power exchange station in Jinjiang District was initially selected. Finally, the location allocation model is used to select the distribution of the replacement stations when the number of stations is the smallest and the coverage is the largest, and sensitivity analysis is carried out. The conclusion shows that: when the service radius is 3.03km, 12 substations can meet 93.21% of the points.

Abstract The recent discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) and their potential for cosmic observations prompted the design of the future third-generation GW interferometers, able to extend the observation distance for sources up to the frontier of the Universe. In particular, the European detector Einstein Telescope (ET) has been proposed to reach peak strain sensitivities of about 3×10−25  Hz−1/2 in the 100 Hz frequency region and to extend the detection band down to 1 Hz. In the bandwidth [1,10] Hz, the seismic ambient noise is expected to represent the major perturbation to interferometric measurements, and the site that will host the future detectors must fulfill stringent requirements on seismic disturbances. In this article, we conduct a seismological study at the Italian ET candidate site, the dismissed mine of Sos Enattos in Sardinia. In the range between few mHz to hundreds of mHz, out of the detection bandwidth for ET, the seismic noise is compatible with the new low-noise model (Peterson, 1993); in the [0.1,1] Hz bandwidth, we found that seismic noise is correlated with sea wave height in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. In the [1,10] Hz frequency band, noise is mainly due to anthropic activities; within the mine tunnels (≃100  m underground), its spectrum is compliant with the requirements of the ET design. Noise amplitude decay with depth is consistent with a dominance of Rayleigh waves, as suggested by synthetic seismograms calculated for a realistic velocity structure obtained from the inversion of phase- and group-velocity dispersion data from array recording of a mine blasting. Further investigations are planned for a quantitative assessment of the principal noise sources and their spatiotemporal variations.