UDPFI

Guidelines
Norms and standards

SUBMITTED TO:
Prof. S.Kumar
C.Revapathi
City Development Strategy
 Norms and standards

Distribution of Infrastructure Commercial Recreational Traffic and

land use facilities facilities Transportation

• Developed area
average densities
• Work force
• Proposed land use
structure of urban
centres in plain area
• Proposed land use
structure in hill town
 Norms and standards

Distribution of Infrastructure Commercial Recreational Traffic and

land use facilities facilities Transportation

Physical infrastructure Social infrastructure

•Water Supply • Educational facilities

•Water Requirements • Health care facilities
for institutional
• Socio- Cultural facilities
buildings
• Distribution services
•Sewage
• Police
•Drainage
• Fire
•Electricity
•Solid waste Disposal
 Norms and standards

Distribution of Infrastructure Commercial Recreational Traffic and

land use facilities facilities Transportation

Informal Distribution of Hierarchy of commercial Area of commercial Distribution of shops

activities centres centres
activities
 Norms and standards

Distribution of Infrastructure Commercial Recreational Traffic and

land use facilities facilities Transportation

Recreational Socio- Cultural

facilities facilities
 Norms and standards

Distribution of Infrastructure Commercial Recreational Traffic and

land use facilities facilities Transportation

Bus & Classification of Design standards Passenger car Design service parking
truck Urban roads of Urban roads units volume
terminals roads
 DISTRIBUTION OF LAND USE
Developed area average densities:-

Settlement type Persons per Hectare(pph) in

Plain areas Hill areas
Small town 75-125 45-75

Medium town 100-150 60-90

Large cities 100-150 60-90
Metro cities 125-175 -

Work Force:-
Work force participation 33% of total population
Industrial workers (%) of total work force
Small and medium town 20
Large cities 25
Proposed Land use structure of Urban Centres in Plain areas

Land use category Percentage of developed area

Small Medium Large cities Metro cities
Residential 45-50 40-45 35-40 35-40
commercial 2-3 3-4 4-5 4-5
Industrial 8-10 8-108-10 10-12 12-14
Pub& Semi-Public 6-8 10-12 12-14 14-16
Recreational 12-14 18-20 18-20 20-25
Transport & 10-12 12-14 12-14 15-18
Communication
Agriculture & Water balance balance balance balance
bodies
 Land use Percentage of developed area
Small towns Medium Towns Large cities
Residential 50-55 45-52 45-50
Commercial 2-3 2-3 4-5
Industrial 3-4 4-5 5-7
Public & Semi-public 8-10 8-10 12-15
recreational 15-18 15-18 16-20
Transport & commercial 5-6 5-6 6-8
Ecological 8-10 8-10 8-10
 INFRASTRUCTURE
• Infrastructure is the basic requirement of urban life.
• The extent and the nature of problems faced by different towns vary
by size, geographical conditions, local natural resources, etc.

Physical Infrastructure:-

Size of town
Aspect Small Medium Large and Metro
Domestic
2. Absolute Min. 70 lpcd 70-100 lpcd 135 lpcd
3. desirable 100 lpcd 135-150 lpcd 135-150 lpcd
Non- Domestic
Fire fighting 1% of total demand
Public purpose 10-15 lpcd 20-25 lpcd 30-35 lpcd
Water requirements for institutional buildings
Institutions Litres per head per day
Hospital
b. No. of beds exceeding 100 450 per bed
c. No. of beds not exceeding 100 340 per bed
Hotels 180 per bed
Hostels 135
Nurses homes & medical quarters 135
Boarding schools/ colleges 135
Restaurants 70 per seat
Airports & Sea ports 70
Junctions stations & intermediate stations 70
Terminal Stations & Intermediate stations 45
Day schools/ colleges 45
Offices & factories 45
Cinema, concert halls and theatres 15
Water requirements for Industrial units

Industry Water Requirement in Kl / unit

Automobiles 40
Distillery 122-170
Fertilizers 80-200
Leather 4
Paper 200-1000
Spl. Quality paper 400-1000
Straw board 75-100
Petroleum refinery 1-2
Steel 200-250
Sugar 1-2
Textile 8-14
 SEWERAGE
• The treatment of sewerage is essential to check the decay in the
environment as well as to provide hygienic conditions for the
population
• The sewerage is estimated at the rate of 80% of the water supply in
any area.
• The newly developed areas shall be considered for the provision of
community level septic tanks based on economic & environmental
considerations.
• The squatter settlements may be provided with a facility of 1 toilet
for 4 to 5 families based on the concept of low cost and low water
consumption
 DRAINAGE

• The drainage system for any city/town is governed mainly by

natural course and topography.
• The discharge is calculated that guides the requirements for
provision of additional drain as well as upgradation of existing
drains.

ELECTRICITY
• According to Master plan of Delhi power supply consumption works
out to be about 2 KW per household at the city level and includes
domestic, commercial , industrial and other requirements.
• The provision of 1 electric sub station of 11 KV for a population of
15,000 is recommended for towns/ cities.
 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL

• The insufficient conservancy services in most of the urban

centres tend to leave the garbage spread on the road sides
or open spaces leading to unhygienic conditions.
• The garbage is removed by the municipal bodies and
dumped at the sanitary landfill or in some cases it is
converted to compost esp. in small towns.
• The generation of waste varies from about over a quarter
of Kg in small towns to about half a kg per capita in large
and metro cities.
 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Educational facilities:- Pre-primary to Secondary Education
• Pre primary, nursery school 1 for 2500 population 0.08 ha
• Area for school
• Pre primary/ nursery school to be located near a park

• Primary school (class I to V)

• Strength of the school 500 students
• Area per school 0.4 ha
• School building area 0.20 ha
• Play field area with a min of 18m X 36 m to be ensured for effective play 0.20 ha
• Senior secondary school (VI to XII)
• 1 for 7500 population
• Strength of the school 1000 students
• Area per school 1.6 ha
• School building area 0.60 ha
• Play field area with a min of 68m X 126 m to be ensured for effective play 1.60 ha
 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
Integrated school without hostel facility
(Class I-XII) 1 for 90,000- 1 lakh population
Strength of the school 1500 students
Area per school 3.50 ha
School building area 0.70 ha
Play field area 2.50 ha
Parking area 0.30 ha
Integrated school with hostel facility 1 for 90,000-100000
population
Strength of the school 1000 students
Area per school 3.90 ha
School building area 0.70 ha
Play field area 2.50 ha
Parking area 0.30 ha
Residential hostel area 0.40 ha
 School for handicapped 1 for 45 000 pop
Strength of the school 400
Area per school 0.50 ha
School building area 0.20 ha
Play field area 0.30 ha

Higher education
College
1 for 1.25 lakh population
Student strength of the college 1000- 1500 students
Area per college 4 ha
College building area 1.80 ha
Play field area 1.80 ha
Residential including hostel area 0.40 ha
Technical education

University campus
Area of the university campus 10 ha
New University Area 60 ha

Technical Education centre (A)

1 such centre provided for every 10 lakh pop. Include 1
industrial training institute and 1 polytechnic 500 students
Strength of the polytechnic 400 students
Area per centre 4 ha
Area per ITI 1.60 ha
Area for polytechnic 2.4 ha
Technical centres( B)
1 provided for 10 lakh population to include 1 ITI
1 technical centre and 1 coaching centre
Area per centre 4 ha
Area per technical centre 2.10 ha
Area for ITI & coaching centre 1.40 ha & 0 .30 ha
 Health care facilities
a) General hospital
Hospital for 2.5 lakh population capacity 500 beds
Initially the provision may be for 300 beds
Area for hospital 4 ha
Area for residential accommodation 2 ha
Total area 6 ha
b) Intermediate hospital ( Category- A) 200 beds
1 hospital for 1 lakh population capacity, the provision may be for 100 beds
Area for hospital 2.70 ha
Area for residential accommodation 1 ha
Total area 3.70 ha
c) Intermediate hospital ( Category-B)
1 hospital for 10 lakh population capacity 80 beds initially the provision may be
for 50 including 20 maternity beds
Area for hospital 0.60 ha
Area for residential accommodation 0.40 ha
Total area 1 ha
d) Polyclinic with some observation beds 1 for lakh population
area 0.20 to 0.30 ha
e) Nursing home, child welfare and maternity centre 1 for 0.45 to 1 lakh
population
Capacity 25 to 30 beds
area 0.20 to 0.30 ha
f) Dispensary
1 for 0.15 lakh population
area 0.08 to 0.12 ha
Socio-Cultural facilities

a) Community room
1 for 5,000 population area 660 Sq..m
b) Community hall and library
1 for 15,000 population area 2000 sq.m
c) Recreational club
1 for 1 lakh population area 10,000 sq.m
d) music, dance and drama centre
1 for 1 lakh population - area 1,000 sq.m
e) Meditation and spiritual centre
1 for lakh population area 5000 sq.m
f) socio-cultural centre
1 for 10 lakh population area 15 ha
 Distribution services

a) Petrol pump
• One petrol pump for 150 ha of gross residential areas in residential zone
• One petrol pump for 40 ha of gross industrial area
• Two petrol pumps in each district centre
• One petrol pump in each community centre

b) Milk distribution
One milk booth for 5,000 population. The standard recommended as per the Delhi Master
Plan is adequate.

c) LPG Godown
One gas Godown for 40-50 thousand population is sufficient for any size of town. The
major concern for its storage and distribution is the location which shall be away from the
residential areas.
 Police
Police station
1 for 90,000 population
Area inclusive of essential residential accommodation 0.05 ha additional 1.5 ha
to be provided for civil Defence and home guards
Police post
1 for 0.4 to 0.5 lakh population
Area inclusive of essential residential accommodation 0.16 ha
District office and battalion
1for 10 lakh population 0.80 ha
Area for district office area for battalion 4 ha
Total area 4.80 ha
Police line 1 for 20 lakh population 4 to 6 ha
District jail 1 for 10 lakh population - area 10 ha
Civil Defence and home guards
1 for 10 lakh population -area 2 ha
 Fire
1. 1 fire station or sub fire station within 1 for 3 km to be
provided for 2 lakh population
2. Area for fire station with essential residential accommodation 1 ha
3. Area for sub- fire-station with essential residential 0.60 ha
accommodation
 Commercial Activity
Hierarchy of an urban centres is a function of the hierarchy of planning units
in an urban centre
Planning unit Population Served Hierarchy of commercial centre
Housing cluster 1000-4000 Cluster centre
Sector 5000-20000 Sector centre
Community 25000-100000 Community centre
district 125000-500000 District centre
Sub-city 25 lakh- 50 lakh Sub- city centre
city 50 lakh + City centre

Area /1000 persons sq.m. No. Of shops

Cluster centre 220 1 for 110 persons
Sector centre 300 1 for 200 persons
Community centre 500 1 for 200 persons
District centre 880 1 for 300 persons
Type of shops district community sector cluster
Formal shops(total) 1250 365 55 24
General retail 1200 295 35 16
Fruit & vegetables Not specified 40 6 3
Service & Repairs 50 30 13 5
Informal shops 370 110 22 13
General retail 355 88 14 8
 activities Hierarchy of commercial centre
City & Sub District Community Sector Cluster
centre centre centre centre centre
shopping * * * * *
Limited wholesale * * - - -
Informal shopping * * * * *
Commercial offices * * * * -
cinema * * * - -
hotel * * * - -
Guest house * * * - -
Nursing home * * * - -
Service industries * * * - -
auditorium * * * - -
museum * * - - -
library * * - - -
* Activities to be provided in the commercial centre
 activities Hierarchy of commercial centre
City & Sub District Community Sector Cluster
centre centre centre centre centre
Science centre/ art/craft * * - - -
Weekly markets (on close days) * * * * -
Local govt. offices * * * - -
Bus terminal * * - - -
Fire station * * - - -
police * * - - -
Telephone exchange * * - - -
Electric substation * * * * *
Post & telegraph * * * - -
Petrol pump * * * - -
conveniences * * * * *
residential * * - - -
* Activities to be provided in the commercial centre
Norms for informal activities
Retail trade No. of informal commercial units
Central Business District 3 to 4 units per 10 formal shops as
Sub- central Business District specified in the norms separately
District centre
Community centre
Convenience shopping centre
Government and commercial offices 5 to 6 units per 1000 employees
Wholesale trade and freight complexes 3-4 units per 10 formal shops
hospital 3-4 units per 100 beds
Bus terminal 1 unit per two bus bays
Schools
Primary 3-4 units
Secondary/senior Secondary/integrated 5-6 units
residential 1 unit/1000 population
industrial 5-6 units per 1000 employees
Recreational Facilities
Planning unit Area in Sq.m per person
Housing cluster 3-4 local parks and playgrounds
sector 3-4 local park and playgrounds
community 2-3 community level park and open space
district 1 district level park and sports centre, maidan
Sub city centre 1 city level park, sports complex, botanical
/zoological garden , maidan
Overall town/ city level 10 sq.m- 12 sq.m per person
Variations by size of settlement
Small towns:
1 to 1.2 ha per 1000 persons for town level recreational facilities(excluding the
open spaces in residential pockets) which can be distributed for different
residential pockets uniformly for a population of 8000-10000.
Medium Towns:
The recreational open spaces shall be provided at the rate of 1.4-1.6 ha/1000
persons.
Large and metro cities
The suggested standards for open spaces in large and metro cities are 1.2-1.4
ha/1000 persons.
Socio- cultural facilities

Community hall : House cluster level

The small parks /open spaces should also be developed with the community hall to suit the
cultural and behavioral needs of the society
Local community centre Sector level
Recreation club One for 15000 population 2,000 sq.m
One for 50,000 population 0.5 ha
One for 100000 population 1 ha
Music, dance, drama centre One for 50,000 population
Meditation and spiritual centre One for 50000 population
Socio-cultural centre One for 5 lakh population
Miscellaneous Facilities
Cremation/ burial ground: Provision of at least 2 sites for 5 lakh population and
to provide one electric crematorium for large size towns.
Dhobi ghat:one site for 1 lakh population with appropriate arrangements for
water and drainage facilities.
Taxi stands/ bus stops/ Rickshaw stands:
The taxi stands/bus stops shall be provided with the following considerations:
• These should not be located near the road intersections
• The maximum distance of such facilities should not exceed 0.5 km from the
farthest point in any residential area.
Telecommunication:
• Communication- 10 lines per 100 population.
• Fire- one fire station for 2 lakh population within 1 to 3 km distance.
• Postal services- one post office for 10-15 thousand population.
 Norms and Standards for Transportation
Classification of Urban roads:
Arterial Road: Roads for intra-urban traffic, with no frontage access, no standing
vehicle and very little cross traffic and minimum roadway intersection spacing 500
m.
Sub-Arterial Road: Roads for intra-urban through traffic with frontage access but no
standing vehicles having high cross traffic, high capacity intersections and minimum
roadway intersection spacing 300 m.
Collector road: Streets for collecting and distributing traffic from and to local streets
and also providing access to arterial and sub arterial roads, having free frontage
access but no parked vehicles and heavy cross traffic and minimum roadway
intersection spacing 150m.
Local Street: Street for access to residence, business or other abutting property,
having necessary parking and pedestrian movement.free access too.
 Design Considerations of urban roads
Design speed: Space Standards:
Arterial 80 kph Arterial 50-60 m
Sub-Arterial 60 kph Sub-Arterial 30-40 m
Collector street 50 kph Collector street 20-30 m
Local street 30 kph Local street 10-20 m

Cross-Sectional Elements: Foot path (side walk)

Capacity Required width
Description Width
of footpath (m)
Single lane without kerbs 3.5 m
All in one In both
2-lane without kerbs 7m
direction directions
2- lane with kerbs 7.5 m
1220 800 1.5
3-lane with/without kerbs 10.5/11 m 2400 1600 2.0
4-lane with/without kerbs 14 m 3600 2400 2.5
6-lane with/without kerbs 21.0 m 4800 3200 3.0
6000 4000 4
 Cycle tracks
• The minimum width of cycle tracks should be 2m.each additional lane, where
required should be 1 m.
• Separate cycle tracks should be provided when the peak cycle traffic is 400 or
more on routes where motor traffic is 100-200 vehicles/hr.
• When number of motor vehicles using routes is more than 200 per hour, separate
cycle tracks are justified even if cycle traffic is only 100 cycles per hour.

Width of cycle (m) Capacity

track One way Two way
Two lanes 3 250-600 50-250
Three lanes 4 7600 250-600
Four lanes 5 >600
Recommended PCU factors for various types of vehicles on
urban roads
Equivalent PCU factors
% composition of vehicle type
in stream of traffic
10% 10%
Fast vehicles
2. Two wheeler motor cycle or scooter etc. 0.5 0.75
3. Passenger car, pick up van 1 1
4. Auto rickshaw 1.2 2
5. Light commercial vehicle 1.4 2
6. Truck or bus 2.2 3.7
7. Agricultural tractor trailer 4 5
Slow Vehicles
2. Cycle 0.4 0.5
3. Cycle rickshaw 1.5 2
4. Tonga (horse drawn vehicle) 1.5 2
5. Hand cart 2 3
Design Service Volume

Type of carriage way Total design service volume for

different road categories
Arteria Sub arterial Collector
l
2-lane (one way) 2400 1900 1400
2-lane (two way) 1500 1200 900
3-lane (one way) 3600 2900 2200
4-lane undivided (two way) 3000 2400 1800
4-lane divided (two way) 3600 2900 -
6- lane undivided (two way) 4800 3800 -
6-lane divided(two way) 5400 4300
8 lane divided (two way) 7200 - -
 Parking
Equivalent car space for different vehicles Car/taxi 1
Two wheeler 0.25
Auto rickshaw 0.50
Bicycle 0.10

The minimum parking space requirements for each car and truck is :
Car : 3m X 6m ( when individual parking space is required)
2.5m X 5m ( when community parking space is required)
Truck : 3.75 m X 7.5m
Residential
• Detached, semi-detached and row houses
• Plot area upto 100 Sq.m – no private or community parking space
• Plot area:101-200 sq.m –only community parking space
• Plot area:301-500 sq.m- minimum 1/3 of open area for parking
• Plot area :501-1000 sq.m- minimum 1/4th of open area for parking
• Plot area: 1001sq.m +- minimum 1/6of space area for parking
Flats :-
- one space for every two flats of 50-90 q.m or more of floor area
- one space for every flat of 100 sq.m or more of floor area
- For all kinds of developments excepting residential, warehouses and
Godown.
- One berth for initial 500-1500 sq.m of floor area. Additional berths at
the rate of one for every subsequent 1000 sq.m or part thereof.
6. For warehouses and Godowns
7. Two berths for initial 500-1500m of floor area. Additional berths at
the rate of one for every subsequent 500m or part of.
Parking norms for work centres
The parking norms for work centres as suggested by different organizations:
Work centre type
Commercial offices
Delhi master plan 1981 1.14 0.63
Delhi master plan 2001 1.67 1.67
New Delhi Redevelopment advisory 2.28 1.14
committee, 1972
Indian road congress, 1973 1.25 1.42
Central public works Department 1.25 1.23

The space norm for floor space per employee adopted :

2. Government: 9 Sq.m
3. Public sector:8 Sq.m
The employee to visitor ratio in office complexes is as 1:.4
 Planning Norms and space standards
Capacity of an Intracity bus terminal 1.5 lakh passengers/day
One bus bay for 5000 passengers per day (loading)
One bus bay for 10,000 passengers per day (unloading)

Peak hour load 10% of daily passenger load

Occupancy/bus 50 ideal
Time taken for loading 6 min; 12 min
For unloading 3 min; 6 min

Space standards for parking facilities b) Parking of other modes:-

b. Bus bays
car 25 sq.m
Type of parking area/ vehicle
Two wheeler 4 sq.m
Idle parking 145 sq.m
taxi 16 sq.m
Angular 76 sq.
Auto rickshaw 5 sq.m
parallel 104 sq.m
cycle 1.2 sq.m
Broad land use break up in truck terminal:-

Use Percentage
area
Transport operators 30
- office, godown, loading/unloading
Service industry 6
- petrol pump, service area, weigh bridge, etc
Public/semi-public
- Police post, post office, telephone, first aid 3
etc.
Commercial 3
Parking- idle, transits, other vehicles 10
Open spaces 10
Circulation 28
Others 2
The space norms in kg/sq.mt for selected commodities as per central ware housing
corporation is given below:

Commodity Wt/area (kg/sq.)

Food grains 1054
Fruits and vegetables 721
Hardware and building material 1024
Commercial & public/semi-public 5
Utilities and services 3
Service industry 4
Parking 12
Circulation 25
others 6
Broad land use Break up of an integrated freight complex:-
Use type % of area
Whole sale market 35
Warehousing 8
Booking agencies 2
Commercial & public/semipublic 5
Utilities and services 3
Service industry 4
Parking 12
Circulation 25
Others 6

1. The area required for a truck terminal should be reserved at the rate of one
hectare per 300 tonnes of daily goods inflow into the complex.
2. In case of integrated freight complex, the area should be one hectare per 400
tonnes of daily inflow into the complex
Modal split by public transport modes:-

City size Recommended modal split

Below 1 million 30%
Around 1 million 35%
1.5 million 40% plus
3 million 50% plus
6 million 70% plus
9 million 75% plus (85% with a mass transit
system)
Thank ‘u’