Defn

INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION Piping systems are like arteries and veins. They carry the lifeblood of modern civilization. In a modern city they transport water from the sources of water supply to the points of
distribution; convey waste from residential and commercial buildings and other civic facilities to the treatment facility or the point of discharge. Similarly, pipelines carry crude oil from oil wells to tank farms for storage or to refineries for processing.
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INTRODUCTION
The natural gas transportation and distribution lines convey natural gas from the source and storage tank farms to points of utilization, such as power plants, industrial facilities, and commercial and residential communities.
In chemical plants, paper mills, food processing plants, and other similar industrial establishments, the piping systems are utilized to carry liquids, chemicals, mixtures, gases, vapours, and solids from one location to another.
INTRODUCTION
In health facilities, piping systems are used to transport gases and fluids for medical purposes. The piping systems in laboratories carry gases, chemicals, vapours, and other fluids that are critical for conducting research and development.
In short, the piping systems are an essential and integral part of our modern civilization just as arteries and veins are essential to the human body.
PIPING Piping includes pipe, flanges, fittings, bolting, gaskets, valves, and the pressure containing portions of other piping components.
PIPING
It also includes pipe hangers and supports and other items necessary to prevent over pressurization and overstressing of the pressure-containing components.
PIPING
It is evident that pipe is one element or a part of piping. Therefore, pipe sections when joined with fittings, valves, and other Mechanical equipment and properly supported by hangers and supports, are called piping.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The Piping Field Engineer is responsible to the Project Field Engineering for adherence to specifications for all piping installation work.
Provides technical assistance to the Piping Superintendent, Area Superintendent and Area Engineer and keeps them informed on matters relating to quality control.
Establishes with the client personnel, parameters on testing, installation and turnover of systems.
Determines area priorities for piping installation through consultation with Area Supervision.
Establishes communications with the Piping Design Group to resolve design problems. Reviews the project schedule and working with the Piping Superintendent and Area Engineer, reviews the weekly, 90/180 day look ahead schedules as required.
Performs inspection of all piping work in progress on a continuing basis. Witnesses tests and completes final P&ID checks prior to turnover to the Client. Assists the Piping Superintendent and Area Engineers in solving piping problems.
Issues job wide inspection criteria that may be over and above the normal piping inspection. Executes field takeoffs from design drawings and provides input to the project quantity tracking system. Reports weekly installed quantities to the Cost Engineer. Assists Superintendent in establishing pipe spool, pipe support, and valve delivery priority.
Writes material requisitions for all pipe testing equipment, test blinds, gaskets, etc. Required for the job.
Assists Area Engineers on piping related problems to obtain vendor information, substitutions, and other design related piping problems.
Assists the Field Procurement Supervisor in the inspection and receipt of piping materials and in the setting up of project controls for storage and protection of piping materials.
Maintains record prints with as-built information for all piping systems when required. Underground systems must be as-built prior to backfill.
Monitors the off-site spool fabrication to coordinate the proper priority flow of spools to the site. Also maintains updated delivery schedules from the fabricator through the expediting department.
Develops labour saving methods of pipe installation such as prefabrication of assemblies, bending, or off-site pre-assembly. Determines the amount of small bore pipe (two inch and under) fabrication to be done in the field.
Develops field sketches of site fabrication facility based on input from Superintendent and craft General Foremen. Field sketches to provide a complete scope and material list. This will require close coordination with supervision to determine how much will be fabricated at the erection point and how much is fabricated in the weld bay. Designs both large and small bore piping supports/hangers when required.
Generates piping insulation, penetration sealing, painting, and heat tracing releases.
PIPING SYSTEM SIMPLE APPROACH

In any plant various fluids flow through pipes from one end to other. Now let us start with a plant where we see three tanks.
PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING
Tank-1, Tank-2 and Tank-3 We have to transfer the content of Tank no.1 to the other two tanks. We will need to connect pipes to transfer the fluids from Tank-1 to Tank-2 and Tank-3 LET US BRING THE PIPES.
To solve these problems we need the pipe components, which are called
We have just brought the pipes, now we need to solve some more problems. Pipes are all straight pieces.
PIPE FITTINGS
We need some branch connections
We need some bend connections
These are the pipe fittings,

There are various types of fittings for various purposes, some common types are Elbows/Bends, Tees/Branches, Reducers/Expanders, Couplings, Olets, etc.
Anyway, the pipes and fittings are in place, but the ends are yet to be joined with the Tank nozzles.
We now have to complete the end connections. These, in piping term, we call TERMINAL CONNECTIONS.
So far this is a nice arrangement.

But there is no control over the flow from Tank1 to other tanks. We need some arrangement to stop the flow if needed
These are flanged joints This is a welded joint
To control the flow in a pipe line we need to fit a special component. That is called - VALVE
There are many types of valves, categorized based on their construction and functionality,
Those are - Gate, Globe, Check, Butterfly, etc.
Other than valves another important line component of pipe line is a filter, which cleans out derbies from the flowing fluid. This is called a STRAINER
Here we see a more or less functional piping system, with valves and strainer installed.
Let us now investigate some aspects of pipe flexibility.
If this tank nozzle expands, when the tank is hot. In such case we need to fit a flexible pipe component at that location, which is called an EXPANSION JOINT
When some fluid is flowing in a pipe we may also like know the parameters like, pressure, temperature, flow rate etc. of the fluid.
To know these information we need to install INSTRUMENTS in the pipeline.
Next we shall look into how to SUPPORT the pipe/and its components.
There are various types instruments to measure various parameters. Also there are specific criteria for installation of various pipe line instruments.
Here are some of the pipe supporting arrangements. There can be numerous variants. All depend on piping designers preference and judgment.
Let us see some OTHER types of supports
Application of piping system

A P P L I C AT I O N O F P I P I N G S YS T E M
Process piping systems in chemical plants and refineries
HVAC chilled water systems and heating systems

Food and beverage applications

Pharmaceutical process systems

Ultra pure water systems used in pharmaceutical and integrated chip manufacturing
Marine and shipboard applications
Waste collection and treatment systems
American Standard Code for Piping

A M E R I C A N S T A N DA R D C O D E FOR PIPING
B31.1, Power Piping This code is the original code and was a direct development out of the Boiler and subsequent codes. A boiler needs pipe, both internally and externally. The internal pipe would come under the rules of section I and the external piping would come under B31.1. This piping is generally found in electric power generating stations. It is typically transporting steam or water under elevated temperatures and pressures.
Power piping systems as covered by this Code apply to all piping and their component parts. They include but are not limited to
Steam Water Oil Gas
Air
Bolier Piping
B31.3 Process piping This piping is typically found in petroleum refineries, chemical and pharmaceutical plants.
This Code applies to piping for all fluids including: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Raw, intermediate, and chemicals Petroleum products Gas, steam, air and water Fluidized solids Refrigerants Cryogenic fluids finished
B31.4 Pipeline transportation systems for liquid hydrocarbons and other liquids
This Code prescribes piping for transporting liquids such as Crude oil Condensate Natural gasoline Natural gas liquids Liquefied petroleum gas Carbon dioxide Liquid alcohol
Tank farms Natural gas processing plants Refineries Stations Terminals (marine, rail and truck) and other delivery and receiving points.
B31.5 Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components

This Code for refrigerant, heat transfer components and secondary coolant piping for temperatures as low as -196 deg C.
This code does not apply to water piping, piping for pressure vessels.
Refrigeration piping Diagram

B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

This code covers primarily gas transportation piping between sources and terminals. It includes gas metering, regulating, and gathering pipelines. It has rules about corrosion protection. And also Code covers the design, fabrication, installation, inspection, and testing of pipeline facilities used for the transportation of gas. This Code also covers safety aspects of the operation and maintenance of those facilities.
B31.9 Building services piping

This Code Section has rules for the piping in industrial, institutional, commercial and public buildings, and multi-unit residences.
Building Services Piping applies to Condensing water, Water for heating and cooling, Steam and condensate, Vacuum.
It is also found in many apartment residences. These piping systems do not typically require the sizes, pressures, and temperatures covered in B31.1 Power Piping.
B31.11 Slurry transportation piping systems Design, construction, inspection, security requirements of slurry piping systems It covers piping systems that transport aqueous slurries of no hazardous materials, such as coal, mineral ores and other solids between a slurry processing plant and the receiving plant.
The primary use of this code is for aqueous slurries between plants and Terminals. It covers use within those areas. One of the uses of these systems is in the mining industries in moving ores from the mines to elsewhere.
Auxiliary piping such as for water, air, and similar liquids and gases
Pressure vessels Piping designed for pressures below 103 kPa (15 psig) at any temperature Piping designed for pressures above 103 kPa (15 psig), when temperature is below 30C (20F) or above 120C (250F)
Piping within the battery limits of slurry processing plants and other non storage facilities
Further information regarding codes and standards will be given in later sections
END OF SLIDE

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INTRODUCTION

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

PIPING SYSTEM SIMPLE APPROACH

We need some branch connections

We need some bend connections

These are the pipe fittings,

So far this is a nice arrangement.

These are flanged joints This is a welded joint

To know these information we need to install INSTRUMENTS in the pipeline.

Let us see some OTHER types of supports

Application of piping system

Process piping systems in chemical plants and refineries

HVAC chilled water systems and heating systems

Food and beverage applications

Pharmaceutical process systems

Marine and shipboard applications

Waste collection and treatment systems

American Standard Code for Piping

Steam Water Oil Gas

B31.5 Refrigeration piping and heat transfer components

Refrigeration piping Diagram

B31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

B31.9 Building services piping

PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING

PROCESS PLANT CIVIL ENGINEERING

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