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Concentration Terms

This document compares and contrasts molarity, molality, and mole fraction. It provides equations to convert between molarity and molality assuming solutions of 1 L or 1 kg. Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality is defined as moles of solute per kg of solvent. Mole fraction is the ratio of moles of one component to the total moles of all components in a solution. Equations show that molarity and molality are approximately equal when density effects are small. Mole fraction can be approximated from either molarity or molality by dividing moles of solute by the total moles of solution components.

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vijay
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411 views

Concentration Terms

This document compares and contrasts molarity, molality, and mole fraction. It provides equations to convert between molarity and molality assuming solutions of 1 L or 1 kg. Molarity is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution. Molality is defined as moles of solute per kg of solvent. Mole fraction is the ratio of moles of one component to the total moles of all components in a solution. Equations show that molarity and molality are approximately equal when density effects are small. Mole fraction can be approximated from either molarity or molality by dividing moles of solute by the total moles of solution components.

Uploaded by

vijay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Molality vs. Molarity vs.

Mole Fraction
Molarity and molality:
assume amount of a c molar solution of 1L total volume:
moles of solute = c (1 L)
mass of solution = volume * density of solution = 1000mL dsoln
1000mL dsoln c (1L) MB
mass of solvent = mass of solution mass of solute =
1000g/kg

m=

c 1L 1000 g
c (1L)

1000mL dsoln c (1L) MB dsoln 1000 mL 1 kg


1000g/kg

for c = molarity

molality and Molarity


assume amount of an m molal solution that contains 1 kg of solvent:
moles of solute = m (1 kg)
mass of the solution = 1000g + m (1kg) MB
1000g + m (1kg) MB
volume of solution = mass/density =
dsoln 1000mL/L
c=

m (1kg)
1000 mL 1 kg
m dsoln 1L 1000 g
1000g + m (1kg) MB
dsoln 1000 mL/L

Mole fraction: xB =

nB
nA + nB + nC

for m = molality

xi = 1

Mole fraction and molality:


xB =

xB =

mB (1kg)
1000g

+ mB
MA

xB

mB (1 kg)
55.51 mol

(aq)

cB (1L)
1000mL dsoln cB (1L) MB

+ cB
MA

xB

cB (1 L)
55.33 mol

(aq)

Colby College

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